scholarly journals Colostrum and breast milk cytokines in sensitized women

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
M S Geneva ◽  
D B Munblit ◽  
A N Pampura
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Imperial College ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Gut Immunity ◽  
Skin Prick Tests ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Tgf Β1

There is some evidence to suggest that colostrum/breast milk immunological composition have potential in infant gut immunity modulation early in life. Objective. To assess levels of cytokines in colostrum and breast milk in atopic and non-atopic mothers, and in those, who have self-reported allergy. Patients and methods. 277 Moscow women were recruited as a part of an International (Great Britain, Russia, Italy) study assessing immune composition of colostrum and breast milk. Skin prick-tests were used to assess sensitization in recruited women. Electrochemiluminiscence of colostrum and breast milk samples for HGF, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, TGF β1, TGF β2, TGF β3 was performed in a Flow Cytometry Lab, Imperial College London. Results. In 19,4% of Moscow women a sensitization to one or more allergens was revealed. According to univariate analysis colostrum and/or breast milk levels of TGF β1, TGF β3, HGF, IL-5, IL-10 and IFN-γ were higher in sensitized women. No difference in IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IL-13, TGF β2 levels was revealed in relation to sensitization. Conclusion. Cytokine and growth factors differences of colostrum and breast milk samples from Moscow women allow to assume the lack of IL-4 and IL-13 shift of cytokine and growth factors in relation to sensitization.

Vitamin A and β-carotene in pregnant and breastfeeding post-bariatric women in an urban population

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Garretto ◽  
Youn-Kyung Kim ◽  
Loredana Quadro ◽  
Rebekah R. Rhodas ◽  
Veronica Pimentel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract Background As breastfeeding awareness and social acceptance are increased, maternal nutritional deficiency requires more investigation. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted to determine if vitamin A deficiency is more common in pregnant, lactating post-bariatric surgery women in an inner city population. Antepartum, women after bariatric surgery and controls with no history of malabsorption were recruited. Third trimester, postpartum maternal blood and cord blood were collected as well as three breast milk samples: colostrum, transitional and mature milk. A nutritional survey of diet was completed. Each serum sample was analyzed for total retinol and β-carotene; breast milk samples were analyzed for retinol and retinyl esters, total retinol and β-carotene. Results Fifty-three women after bariatric surgery and 66 controls were recruited. Postpartum serum retinol was significantly higher in women after bariatric surgery in the univariate analysis (P<0.0001) and confirmed in the multiple linear mixed model (P=0.0001). Breast milk colostrum retinol and transitional milk total retinol were significantly greater in the bariatric surgery group in the univariate analysis (P=0.03 and P=0.02, respectively), but not after adjusting for confounders. Serum β-carotene in the third trimester and postpartum were lower (P<0.0001 and P=0.003, respectively) in the bariatric surgery group but not after adjusting for confounders. Vitamin A deficiency was high in both groups in serum and breast milk samples. Conclusion Nutritional deficiencies in breastfeeding women after bariatric surgeries may in fact be less common than in control women in an inner city.

scholarly journals TNF-α -308 G>A and IL10 -1082A>G polymorphisms as potential risk factors for lymphoproliferative disorders in autoimmune rheumatic diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manal Y. Tayel ◽  
Aida Nazir ◽  
Ibtessam M. Abdelhamid ◽  
Myriam A. S. Helmy ◽  
Nadia E. Zaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Tgf Β1 ◽  
Distribution Frequency

Abstract Background Chronic inflammation with sustained unregulated immune stimulation in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) may be a risk factor for developing lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD). Markers of ARD activity as high erythrocyte sedimentation rate or erosive joint diseases and the development of B-symptoms were accounted as risk factors for LPD development. We investigated the association of five inflammatory cytokine genes single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): TNF-α -308G>A; TGF-β1 gene codon 10 T>C and 25 G>C; IL-10 promoter SNPs -1082 A>G, -819T>C, and -592A>C; IL-6 -174G>C; and IFN-γ 874 T>A with the risk of LPD development in ARD patients. The study was conducted on 70 patients divided into group I, 25 ARD patients diagnosed as RA (n = 15) and SLE (n = 10) and with no history of malignancy; group II, 25 patients diagnosed with LPD and had no ARD; and group III, 20 patients diagnosed with both diseases: ARD and LPD. Cytokine genotyping was analyzed by PCR-sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP). Results ARD+LPD patients had significantly higher frequency of TNF-α -308A allele and AA+AG genotype (high TNF-α producers) and IL-10 -1082A allele and AA genotype (low IL-10 producers) than ARD patients (p = 0.003, p = 0.024, p = 0.003, p = 0.03, respectively) with a significantly increased risk of LPD development in ARD patients expressing the corresponding alleles and genotypes. No significant differences were detected in the distribution frequency of either TGF-β1, IL-6, or IFN-γ SNPs between groups I and III or any of the studied SNPs between groups II and III. The distribution frequency of IL-10 ATA haplotype was significantly increased in group III as compared to group I (p = 0.037). Conclusion The significantly increased frequency of the high-TNF-α- and low-IL-10-producing alleles and genotypes in ARD patients may participate in the provision of a proinflammatory milieu that eventually increases the risk of LPD development.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccine mRNABNT162b2 Elicits Human Antibody Response in Milk of Breastfeeding Women

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 785
Author(s):  
Maurizio Guida ◽  
Daniela Terracciano ◽  
Michele Cennamo ◽  
Federica Aiello ◽  
Evelina La Civita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Human Antibody ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Milk Antibodies ◽  
Roche Diagnostics

Objective: The objective of this research is to demonstrate the release of SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) antibodies in human milk samples obtained by patients who have been vaccinated with mRNABNT162b2 vaccine. Methods: Milk and serum samples were collected in 10 volunteers 20 days after the first dose and 7 seven days after the second dose of the mRNABNT162b2 vaccine. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies were measured by the Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S ECLIA assay (Roche Diagnostics AG, Rotkreuz, Switzerland), a quantitative electrochemiluminescence immunometric method. Results: At first sample, anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies were detected in all serum samples (103.9 ± 54.9 U/mL) and only in two (40%) milk samples with a low concentration (1.2 ± 0.3 U/mL). At the second sample, collected 7 days after the second dose, anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies were detected in all serum samples (3875.7 ± 3504.6 UI/mL) and in all milk samples (41.5 ± 47.5 UI/mL). No correlation was found between the level of serum and milk antibodies; the milk antibodies/serum antibodies ratio was on average 2% (range: 0.2–8.4%). Conclusion: We demonstrated a release of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies in the breast milk of women vaccinated with mRNABNT162b2. Vaccinating breastfeeding women could be a strategy to protect their infants from COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Update on the Transmission of Zika Virus Through Breast Milk and Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review of the Evidence

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Centeno-Tablante ◽  
Melisa Medina-Rivera ◽  
Julia L. Finkelstein ◽  
Heather S. Herman ◽  
Pura Rayco-Solon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Clinical Complications ◽  
Mother To Child

We systematically searched regional and international databases and screened 1658 non-duplicate records describing women with suspected or confirmed ZIKV infection, intending to breastfeed or give breast milk to an infant to examine the potential of mother-to-child transmission of Zika virus (ZIKV) through breast milk or breastfeeding-related practices. Fourteen studies met our inclusion criteria and inform this analysis. These studies reported on 97 mother–children pairs who provided breast milk for ZIKV assessment. Seventeen breast milk samples from different women were found positive for ZIKV via RT-PCR, and ZIKV replication was found in cell cultures from five out of seven breast milk samples from different women. Only three out of six infants who had ZIKV infection were breastfed, no evidence of clinical complications was found to be associated with ZIKV RNA in breast milk. This review updates our previous report by including 12 new articles, in which we found no evidence of ZIKV mother-to-child transmission through breast milk intake or breastfeeding. As the certainty of the present evidence is low, additional studies are still warranted to determine if ZIKV can be transmitted through breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Long-term effects of local growth factor (IGF-I and TGF-β1) treatment on fracture healing. A safety study for using growth factors

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Schmidmaier ◽  
Britt Wildemann ◽  
Daniel Ostapowicz ◽  
Frank Kandziora ◽  
Richard Stange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fracture Healing ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Local Growth ◽  
Safety Study ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Tgf Β1

Immunohistochemical analysis of myofibroblasts, TGF-β1, and IFN-γ in epithelial odontogenic lesions

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 365-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Paulo de Andrade Santos ◽  
Cassiano Francisco Weege Nonaka ◽  
Roseana de Almeida Freitas ◽  
Leão Pereira Pinto ◽  
Lélia Batista de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Tgf Β1

scholarly journals Immunoglobulin A antibodies directed againstCampylobacter jejuniflagellin present in breast–milk

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Nachamkin ◽  
S. H. Fischer ◽  
X.-H. Yang ◽  
O. Benitez ◽  
A. Cravioto
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Campylobacter Infection ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMAYWe studied the relationship between IgA anti–campylobacter flagellin antibodies in breast milk samples and protection of breastfed infants living in a rural Mexican village from campylobacter infection. There were fewer episodes of campylobacter infection (symptomatic and asymptomatic combined) in infants breastfed with milk containing specific anti-flagellin antibodies (1.2/child/year, 95% CI 0.6–1.8) versus non–breastfed children (3.3/child/year, 95% CI 1.8–4.8; P < 0.01). Infants breastfed with milk that was antiflagellin antibody negative by ELISA also had fewer episodes of infection compared with non-breastfed children, but the difference did not reach statistical significance (1.8/child/year, 95% CI 0.7–3.0 versus 3.3/child/year, 95% CI 1.8–4.8, P > 0.05). Breastfeeding has a protective effect against campylobacter infection and is associated with the presence of specific antibodies directed against campylobacter flagellin.

Human Breast Milk Contains Bovine lgG. Relationship to Infant Colic?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-444
Author(s):  
Patrick S. Clyne ◽  
Anthony Kulczycki
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Infant Colic ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Previous studies have suggested that an unidentified cow's milk protein, other than β-lactoglobulin and casein, might play a pathogenetic role in infant colic. Therefore, a radioimmunoassay was used to analyze human breast milk and infant formula samples for the presence of bovine IgG. Milk samples from 88 of the 97 mothers tested contained greater than 0.1 µg/mL of bovine IgG. In a study group of 59 mothers with infants in the colic-prone 2- to 17-week age group, the 29 mothers of colicky infants had higher levels of bovine IgG in their breast milk (median 0.42 µg/mL) than the 30 mothers of noncolicky infants (median 0.32 µg/mL) (P &lt; .02). The highest concentrations of bovine IgG observed in human milk were 8.5 and 8.2 µg/mL. Most cow's milk-based infant formulas contained 0.6 to 6.4 µg/mL of bovine IgG, a concentration comparable with levels found in many human milk samples. The results suggest that appreciable quantities of bovine IgG are commonly present in human milk, that significantly higher levels are present in milk from mothers of colicky infants, and that bovine IgG may possibly be involved in the pathogenesis of infant colic.

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