The Effect of Internal Migrants on the Economic Lives of the Leftbehind Elderly in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
pp. 327-335
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Elderly Household ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Per Capita

By analysing the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey in 2012 (VHLSS2012), which contained the data on remittances sent by the migrants to the households, the study discovered that internal migrants had a positive impact on poverty reduction and living conditions of the elderly left behind. Besides, the study also proved that the internal remittances made the income per capita distribution enlarge the inequality between the elderly household group receiving domestic remittances and the other groups. Although there were recently three consecutive surveys of 2014, 2016, and 2018, but these consisted of only the information on the migrant definition and had no precise details on remittance.

scholarly journals Impact of Remittance on Household Income, Consumption and Poverty Reduction of Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Nirajan Bam ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Thagurathi ◽  
Deepak Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Capita Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Poor Quintile ◽  
Consumption Level ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

<p>The study aims to identify the impact of remittance income on household per capita income, consumption, poverty headcount ratio and poverty gap by using simple linear and log linear regression model furthermore it focused on to identify the gap of income and consumption level of upper and poor quintile population and compare the income and consumption level of different development region of Nepal by using data of Nepal living standard survey III.It was found that,remittance income has statistically significant positive impact on household per capita income and consumption.There is significant negative relationship between remittance income and proportion of poor quintile population and significant positive relationship between remittance income and richest quintile population. It indicates that due to remittance income lower quintile population was decreased significantly and richest quintile population was increased significantly. Furthermore there is inverse relationship between remittance and poverty head count ratio and poverty gap, which indicates increment on average per capita remittance income reduce the poverty headcount ratio and poverty gap.</p><p> <strong><em>Economic Literature</em></strong><em>, </em>Vol. XIII August 2016, page 1-8</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Analisis Komparasi Hapiness Index 5 Negara di Asean

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
I Wayan Suparta ◽  
Rizka Malia
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Environmental Index ◽  
Personal Impact ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
The Right

The limitation of economic indicators in representing the level of community welfare has increased the world's attention to social aspects of development. Development progress, which has been seen more by economic indicators, such as economic growth and poverty reduction, is considered insufficient to reflect the right level of welfare. This study aims to determine the effect of GDP per capita, environmental index, and unemployment on the happiness index of 9 countries in ASEAN. Estimation results show that the variable GDP per capita significantly and negatively influences the happiness index. The environmental index has a positive effect on the Happiness Index, and unemployment has a positive impact on the happiness index. Based on the results of special effects, there are individual effect values ​​in 9 ASEAN countries. Singapore is the country with the most significant personal impact, and the Philippines is the country with the smallest particular effect.  

scholarly journals Macroeconomic and Financial Shocks in African Franc Zone: Exploring the nexus with Vector Autoregression

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Gérard Tchouassi
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Impulse Response Functions ◽  
Response Functions ◽  
Franc Zone ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Interest Rate

This paper analyzes the impulse response functions due to macroeconomic and financial shocks in the African franc zone. To this end, we rely on the estimation of a vector autoregression (VAR) model for a sample of 14 African countries of the franc zone over the 1994-2014 times. Our results show that the evolution of the combined impulse response functions that a shock of the interest rate has a positive impact on snapshot itself, but negative on the other variables. A shock of the consumer price index has a positive impact on the instantaneous interest rate and the change in GDP per capita. But has a negative impact on the global balance as well as itself. A shock of the global balance has a negative higher instantaneous impact on itself but positive on the other variables. Although the variations observed following this shock on the other variables are quite low. A supply shock in the level of GDP per capita has a negative instantaneous impact on the global balance and itself, but positive on the other variables. Moreover, while this shock causes a slight increase in interest rates over the time, the stationary trend evolutions of the price index and decreasing of the global balance is observed. In terms of recommendations, it appears that the interest rate and the global balance are the two central variables that have captured the attention of the economic policymakers in these countries to improve country’s performance on the pathway of progress.

The Impact of Age on Electronic Commerce Participation

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna W. McCloskey ◽  
Karen Leppel
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Impacts

This exploratory study examined the impact of age on e-commerce participation and its antecedents: usefulness, ease of information access, and trust. The three age groups considered were the “young” who were 18 to 25, the “mature” who were 50 to 69, and the “elderly” who were 70 and older. Of the three age groups, mature consumers had the highest perception of the usefulness of e-commerce but the lowest perceptions of trust. The elderly perceived less ease of information access and were less likely to participate in electronic commerce than the other age groups. Greater perceptions of usefulness and trust were found to be positively related to participation. In addition, trust had positive impacts on ease of information access and usefulness. While ease of information access had a positive impact on usefulness, it had no direct impact on e-commerce participation.

scholarly journals Government Expenditure and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor E. Oriavwote ◽  
Andrew Ukawe
Keyword(s):  
Granger Causality ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Per Capita

<p><em>This research investigates the relevance of government expenditure on poverty reduction in Nigeria. The main objective is thus to investigate whether the poverty reduction efforts through government spending has actually translated into a reduction in the poverty level. The study covered the period between 1980 and 2016. The ECM model and cointegration models of the OLS as well as the granger causality techniques were used to analyze the data. The result of the ADF unit root test indicates that all the variables are I(1). The result of the Johansen cointegration indicates the existence of a long run equilibrium relationship among the variables. The result of the parsimonious ECM indicates that though the one period lag government expenditure on health has a significant and positive impact on the per capita income, it has a low elasticity. The result indicates further that government expenditure on education has a significant and positive impact on the per capita income. The result indicates further that government expenditure on building and construction has a significant and positive impact on the per capita income, the elasticity is however very low. The granger causality test result indicates no causality between government expenditure on health and education. A bicausal relationship however exists between government expenditure on education and per capita income. The result shows no causality between government expenditure on building and construction and the per capita income. The result recommends amongst others an increment and proper monitoring of government spending which could be enhanced through public private partnership.</em></p>

scholarly journals ON THE LINK BETWEEN FOREIGN AID AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Edmore MAHEMBE ◽  
Nicholas M. Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Theory ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Recipient Country ◽  
Transmission Mechanism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cycle Of Poverty

This article explores the theoretical link and transmission mechanism through whichofficial development assistance (ODA) or foreign aid affects poverty. The study alsopresents some major debates on the effectiveness of foreign aid on development ingeneral and poverty reduction in particular. The main findings from this exploratory studysuggest that there is no generally accepted economic theory upon which foreign aidallocation is based. Several theories have been advanced, but most of them have beenheavily criticized. As a result, there are two distinct and extreme lines of thoughts: thosewho believe that foreign aid can contribute to a virtuous circle of economic growth andpoverty reduction against the other group, which contends that foreign aid leads to avicious cycle of poverty and stunted development. Finally, a third group assumes that oncewe distinguish channels through which foreign aid affects development, we may noticeseveral degrees of positive impact on development and diminution of poverty, dependingon the choice of channel, the recipient country features and the domestic economicpolicies.

Economic Performance and Public Finance in Kenya, 1960-2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kempe Ronald Hope
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Government Investment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Private Savings ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Real Growth

Countries with positive per capita real growth are characterised by positive national savings—including government savings, increases in government investment, and strong increases in private savings and investment. On the other hand, countries with negative per capita real growth tend to be characterised by declines in savings and investment. During the past several decades, Kenya’s emerging economy has undergone many changes and economic performance has been epitomised by periods of stability, decline, or unevenness. This article discusses and analyses the record of economic performance and public finance in Kenya during the period 1960‒2010, as well as policies and other factors that have influenced that record in this emerging economy. 

Impact of Job Stress and Social Support on Job Satisfaction among Academic Staff

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumari Kumkum ◽  
R. N. Singh ◽  
Yogershi Rajpoot
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Four Dimensions

There may be so many negative consequences of stress for human beings and dissatisfaction among employees happens to be one of the major problems. It indicates negative feelings that individuals have regarding their jobs or its facets. On the other hand, social support is assumed to be mitigating the relationship between negative aspects of the work environment and job satisfaction. Job stress is said to be associated with job dissatisfaction as well as experience of strain. In view of the above, this study examined the role of job stress and social support in job satisfaction. The sample consisted of 30 school teachers from different school of Varanasi (U.P.). The job stress, job satisfaction and social support scales were administered on the participants. The responses of the participants were converted into scores for statistical analyses. The scores of participants on the scales were correlated. The findings revealed that job stress led to increased job satisfaction. It is against the proposed hypothesis and it appears as if the social support received by the participants is a factor behind it. Two of the four dimensions of social support were found to exert positive impact on job satisfaction but the other two dimensions were not found to be correlated with it. The findings are thoroughly discussed and interpreted.

Development of a Mobile Time Banking system on Blockchain (MTBB) for Community Elderly Care (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hungyi Chen ◽  
Yuan-Chia Chu ◽  
Feipei Lai
Keyword(s):  
Care Service ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Banking System ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Services ◽  
The Other ◽  
Smartphone App ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Member Service ◽  
Blockchain Technology

BACKGROUND Time banking is a good mechanism to provide elderly care in community services with members having mutual benefits, besides social welfare and out-of-pocket fee payment mechanisms. With further integration with off-line works, mobile time banking may provide a better way, compared to traditional web access. On the other hand, blockchain technology has been long encountering difficulty in integrating with real-world economies or activities. Development of a mobile time banking system on blockchain (MTBB) may provide a realistic solution for community elderly care. Besides, the tracking mechanism from blockchain technology itself may also help track the elderly care service transaction records in order to measure better Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by United Nations (UN). OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop the MTBB, which enables tracking service transaction records in community elderly care through mutual helps. METHODS The MTBB was developed to empower organizations, either Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) organizations, or Non-Profit Organizations (NPOs), to issue time tokens of their proprietary token types to the members who participate in the volunteer activities organized by the organizations respectively. In the service activities, members sign in and sign out before and after the services by using a smartphone app, and then get the time tokens afterwards. Members with time tokens can then exchange time tokens for elderly care services using the same smartphone app. MultiChain is used as the blockchain technology stack, as one of its features to support multiple token types is critical. RESULTS Database applications with smartphone apps integrated with MultiChain were developed. The whole set of the database schema was integrated with two smartphone apps, one for members, and the other for organizations, in addition to the two backend operations modules, one for organizations, and the other for managing all organizations and members. The MultiChain wallet was also integrated into the member app, as well as the organization backend modules for keeping track of the service transactions and time tokens. Metadata with the service transaction information is stored in the MultiChain blocks so that the transaction records are immutable and can thus be analyzed in the future. CONCLUSIONS The twelve characteristics of Cahn’s time banking are the guidelines of developing this MTBB with integration of MultiChain blockchain technology for tracking service transaction records. The study also combines the 1-to-1 member service exchange with organizations holding volunteer activities and issuing proprietary time tokens. With the blockchain transaction tracking mechanism, all of the elderly care service records through or within organizations can be tracked and analyzed to align with UN’s five SDGs.

scholarly journals How did Sweden Fail the Pandemic?

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142199484
Author(s):  
Finn Diderichsen
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Differential Survival ◽  
Adequate Care ◽  
Differential Exposure ◽  
The Government ◽  
Differential Immunity ◽  
Inequalities In Mortality

Sweden has since the start of the pandemic a COVID-19 mortality rate that is 4 to 10 times higher than in the other Nordic countries. Also, measured as age-standardized all-cause excess mortality in the first half of 2020 compared to previous years Sweden failed in comparison with the other Nordic countries, but only among the elderly. Sweden has large socioeconomic and ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 mortality. Geographical, ethnic, and socioeconomic inequalities in mortality can be due to differential exposure to the virus, differential immunity, and differential survival. Most of the country differences are due to differential exposure, but the socioeconomic disparities are mainly driven by differential survival due to an unequal burden of comorbidity. Sweden suffered from an unfortunate timing of tourists returning from virus hotspots in the Alps and Sweden's government response came later and was much more limited than elsewhere. The government had an explicit priority to protect the elderly in nursing and care homes but failed to do so. The staff in elderly care are less qualified and have harder working conditions in Sweden, and they lacked adequate care for the clients. Sweden has in recent years diverged from the Scandinavian welfare model by strong commercialization of primary care and elderly care.

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