scholarly journals EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE UNEMPLOYMENT AND INFLATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Florida Veljanoska
Keyword(s):  
Granger Causality ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Rate ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
The Republic

Unemployment and inflation are two extremely important macroeconomic indicators, which have great influence on economic stability. Every government strives to achieve low level of unemployment and inflation. However, many empirical studies have shown that there is inverse relationship between unemployment and inflation. High unemployment means higher supply than demand for jobs, and consequently, the employers are not stimulated to increase the wages. Stable and low wages do not further impose any pressure on prices, and inflation remains low. Contrary, low level of unemployment is related with the greater demand than supply of jobs, that will boost the salary higher and finally will increase the production costs as well as the overall demand in the economy. Ultimately, that will cause higher inflation in the economy.These statements were confirmed by the Phillips researches. The Phillips curve was projected, by which it was possible to predict the rate of unemployment at certain rate of inflation, and vice versa. Though, this curve was exceptionally useful till 70s – 80s of the last century, in the period after, L-shaped Phillip curve held only for explaining short-term relationship, but did not hold for explaining long-term relationship. It means that in the later period inter-relation between unemployment and inflation was unstable.Macedonia has faced many challenges in the period right after the independence – enormously high unemployment, hyperinflation and negative rate of GDP. This period is known as “stagflation”. It was exceptionally difficult to improve all these economic indicators, simultaneously. They were inversely related, and it was impossible to improve one indicator, without worsening the other in the same time. Such situation was disproving the existing statements that high unemployment is related with low inflation, and vice versa. Phillip curve in this case, definitely does not hold. Although the situation now is different, it is still very important to determine the inter-relationship between the unemployment and inflation. The truth is that more than 20 years the country does not have any problems with high inflation, but also the fact is that high rate of unemployment is still great concern. Hence, in order to promote suitable government policies, it is important to know the inter-relationship between unemployment and inflation.With a purpose to determine the mutual influence between two variables, we have conducted an empirical research, using the contemporary econometric software EViews 9.5. The analysis is for the period 1993-2018. The data were collected from National bank of the Republic of Macedonia, State Statistical Office of the Republic of Macedonia and the World Bank database. We have performed the Johansen Co-integration Test, as well as the Granger Causality Test. The results have shown that there is 1 co-integration between variables and that there is not granger causality between the variables. Consequently, the past values of unemployment can not be used for predicting the future values of inflation, and vice versa. Furthermore, the research is evidence that the Phillip curve does not hold for Macedonia and the rate of one variable can not be used for determination of the values of the other variable.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT AND THE ROLE OF THE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES ON THE EMPLOYMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-110
Author(s):  
Snezana Bardarova ◽  
Marija Magdincheva-Shopova ◽  
Monika Markovska ◽  
Bozhidar Milenkovski
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Current developments in the global and national economics point to a number of problems faced by real entities in the real sector, and as a special area of interest for the scientific public there is a need to provide conditions for the smooth running of the reproduction processes in the enterprise and the realization the positive results of the operation. Enterprises are drivers of inclusive economic growth in the Republic of Macedonia and in creating productive and sustainable jobs.The new conception of the small enterprise as a carrier and engine of economic development is quite persuasive with its economic logic and reaffirms the small enterprise as a significant economic sector. The activities within the small enterprises are aimed at intensifying the results of the work by achieving a balance between objective possibilities and good working principles. The monitoring of the small enterprise, through the prism of its influence on economic growth and development, rejects the traditional view for small enterprises as security guards.The SME sector is a driver of inclusive economic growth in Macedonia and the creation of sustainable jobs increasing productivity. It also does not agree with the notion that small enterprises are economically inefficient organisms.With the third technological revolution in the countries with a developed market economy, the domination of the so-called. small economy, that is, the sector of small and medium enterprises. Today, small enterprises have a growing number of supporters who believe that small enterprises are carriers of innovation and entrepreneurship and are able to react quickly to changes in the environment. For years, the Republic of Macedonia has faced a high rate (29%, June 2013) of general unemployment, which remains a key challenge for stabilizing the economic and social development of the country. The subject of research in this paper is focused on conducting analysis of the active enterprises in the Republic of Macedonia by size, by sector and by number of employees, as well as analysis of the activity of the population and employment by sectors and by type of ownership of the enterprise in the period from 2013-2017.

REVIEW OF THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY FROM PHOTOVOLTAICS IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Tomovski ◽  
Aleksandra Kanevče ◽  
Ljubčo Kocarev
Keyword(s):  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technological Limitations ◽  
Legislative Measures ◽  
Made In

Global trends in the energy sector are focused towards extensive inclusion of renewable sources in the energy production. Solar energy has proven to be a valuable candidate, especially for direct conversion into electricity. Its wider use has, so far, among other, been constrained by the technological limitations, resulting in higher production costs compared to those from conventional non-renewable sources, primarily coal. In that sense, the efforts of the scientific community have for long been directed towards development of both efficient and inexpensive solutions. However, the major boost in the electricity production from photovoltaics (PV) came from the legislative measures, primarily the introduction of feed-in tariffs. Following the global trends, a significant increase in PV inclusion in the electricity production was made in the Republic of Macedonia. In the article we give a brief review of the achieved progress.

scholarly journals Magna Carta And Its Significant Role For Rule Of Law In The Republic Of Macedonia

SEEU Review ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-98
Author(s):  
Ivana Shumanovska-Spasovska ◽  
Konstantin Bitrakov
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Magna Carta ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Republic

Abstract One of the most important and famous historical documents from the English legal and constitutional legacy is the Magna Carta Libertatum. Signed and sealed in the year 1215 the Magna Carta is further on viewed as the sole inception of the idea of limiting the power of the ruler trough legal rules. That limitation is to be made with legal rules that are binding for everyone, even the monarch. Therefore, the Great Charter is viewed as the first document signed by a monarch with which, the principle of supremacy of the law is set out. That supremacy of the law has been further on developed by eminent scholars and practitioners, eventually leading to the development of the concept of rule of law. Rule of law, as a concept, means that the royal authority (or the executive branch of power) is going to be inferior to the law. However, this concept means a lot more than simply that. Unlike the principle of legal state, the rule of law is closely linked to justice, separation of powers and legal certainty. All of these concepts are actually prerequisites for its existence. That is why each of them is separately examined and elaborated. Furthermore, as one of the most important principles the rule of law had a great influence on the constitutional (and legal) systems around the world. Since the Republic of Macedonia strives to become a democratic state where the rule of law is established and developed it is important to elaborate the influence of this principle in it. Therefore, the research gravitates over the principle of rule of law in the Republic of Macedonia.

Access to Information in the Republic of Macedonia

2019 ◽  
pp. 714-732
Author(s):  
Stojan Slaveski ◽  
Biljana Popovska
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Free Access ◽  
The Public ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Storage

Certain information and personal data, held by the government, needs to be kept secret because its disclosure to the general public could jeopardize the operation of the state. On the other hand, the state should allow the public to have free access to all other state-held information. To ensure a balance between these two claims of modern democratic societies, there is a need to legally regulate this matter. The state should have a law on access to public information and a law that will regulate the classification, access to and storage of information which should be kept secret. This chapter analyzes the global experiences in regulating this matter, with a particular emphasis on the practice in the Republic of Macedonia.

Access to Information in the Republic of Macedonia

2016 ◽  
pp. 162-179
Author(s):  
Stojan Slaveski ◽  
Biljana Popovska
Keyword(s):  
Public Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Free Access ◽  
The Public ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Storage

Certain information and personal data, held by the government, needs to be kept secret because its disclosure to the general public could jeopardize the operation of the state. On the other hand, the state should allow the public to have free access to all other state-held information. To ensure a balance between these two claims of modern democratic societies, there is a need to legally regulate this matter. The state should have a law on access to public information and a law that will regulate the classification, access to and storage of information which should be kept secret. This chapter analyzes the global experiences in regulating this matter, with a particular emphasis on the practice in the Republic of Macedonia.

THE SITUATION WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN MACEDONIA IN RELATION TO THE SOURCES FOR THEIR FINANCING

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Marija Gogova Samonikov ◽  
Elena Veselinova ◽  
Ilija Gruevski ◽  
Risto Fotov ◽  
Zorica Zdraveva
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
The Other ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Trade Sector ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The impact of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in employment and value added in the Republic of Macedonia registered a slight increase in the period from 2009 to 2013. Just like in other economies in the region, most SMEs work in the wholesale and retail trade sector (44.0%), followed by the manufacturing sector (13.0%) (OECD 2016). Based on the importance of SMEs in the Macedonian economy in general, this paper aims to point out the gap that exists between the well-identified weakness of the Macedonian economy towards stimulating the life expectancy of SMEs on the one hand and their development on the other, emphasized in the forms of the sources of funding available to them. For that purpose are used statistical analyzes and comparisons, and are accepted conclusions about the current situation with the SMEs environment and the forms of financing of SMEs in Macedonia

scholarly journals Research of produstion volume and market turnover of honey from 2004. to 2014.

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 467-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Ivanovic ◽  
Milan Baltic ◽  
Dalibor Jelic ◽  
Jelena Janjic ◽  
Marija Boskovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Honey Production ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Future ◽  
Price Growth ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Great Development ◽  
Honey Yield

The objective of this work was to investigate the scope of production, export and import of honey in the Republic of Serbia from 2004. to 2014. The results are based on the report of the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. The observed period is characterized primarily by the increase in the number of beehives as well as an incresed honey production, followed by honey price growth and minor changes honey yield per hive. In this period, honey production ranged from 2,561 tons (in 2008) to 8,554 tons (in 2013). The largest volume of honey exports was in 2013. (3,367.7 tons, worth 14,881.4 thousand USD), and the largest import of honey into Serbia was in the same year (60.6 tons, worth 240.3 thousand USD). In the monitored period, Germany imported the largest quantities of honey from Serbia, about 4,611.0 tons (worth about 19,546.9 thousand USD), and somewhat smaller amounts of honey were imported by Italy and Montenegro. On the other hand, in the same period, Serbia imported the largest quantities of honey from the Republic of Macedonia, about 40.6 tons, worth 119.5 thousand USD. Beekeeping in Serbia definitely has a great development potential, so accordingly, its production should be encouraged in the future.

scholarly journals Acad. Prof. Yucel Kanpolat, Distinguished and Internationally Recognized Neurosurgeon and Friend of the Republic of Macedonia

PRILOZI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Momir Polenakovic
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Abstract The sad news about the death of Acad. Yucel Kanpolat (September 17, 2016), a famous scholar, a pioneer in the field of neurosurgery, and a friend of the Republic of Macedonia, saddened the members of the Editorial Board of the journal PRILOZI of the Department of Medical Sciences of the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, of which he was a member, as well as the other members of the Academy. Yucel Kanpolat was an international figure, linking Turkey to almost every country in the world. Neurosurgery has lost a very special surgeon, scientist and humanitarian. During the visit to the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts in 2011, we discussed the cooperation between the Turkish Academy of Sciences and the Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, which he respected very much, as well as the role of the academies. He delivered a lecture on The Mission of Academia in the Age of Science, PRILOZI, MASA, XXXII, 2, p. 7-10 (2011), which we reprint in addition.

scholarly journals THE GENUS DRYOPTERIS (PTERIDOPHYTA: DRYOPTERIDACEAE) IN THE FLORA OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA – 30 YEARS AFTER MICEVSKI’S FLORA –

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljupčo Melovski
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Fern Species ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Republic

This article presents the records about four new Buckler fern (Dryopteris) species for the territory of the Re-public of Macedonia and new data about the distribution of some rare Buckler fern species.Dryopteris is one of the most complex fern genera in Europe. Hybridization and apomixis among some of the spe-cies contribute to difficulties and uncertainties for identification of individual species. That, coupled with lack of research on ferns in Macedonia for the last 30 years, resulted in a low level of knowledge within this vascular plants’ group.The field research of the flora of Macedonia and thorough check of two herbaria (MKMEL and MKNH) in Skopje revealed presence of four new Buckler fern species in Macedonia: Dryopteris affinis subsp. jessenii, D. ore-ades, D. mindshelkensis and D. expansa. Additionlly, several other localities for rare species: D. borreri, D. dilatata and D. carthusiana were reported.Further research is needed to fill the remaining gaps, particularly in relation to identification of hybrids and more detailed study of the distribution pattern of rare Buckler fern species.

scholarly journals NAIRU estimates in a transitional economy with an extremely high unemployment rate: The case of the Republic of Macedonia

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (206) ◽  
pp. 167-186
Author(s):  
Predrag Trpeski ◽  
Dragan Tevdovski
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Iterative Procedure ◽  
Transitional Economy ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
High Unemployment Rate ◽  
The Republic

The main goal of the paper is to estimate the NAIRU for the Macedonian economy and to discuss the applicability of this indicator. The paper provides time-varying estimates for the period 1998-2012, which are obtained using the Ball and Mankiw (2002) approach, supplemented with the iterative procedure proposed by Ball (2009). The results reveal that the Macedonian NAIRU has ahumpshaped path. The estimation is based on both the LFS unemployment rate and the LFS unemployment rate corrected for employment in the grey economy. The dynamics of the estimated NAIRU stress the ability of the NAIRU to present the cyclical misbalances in a national economy.

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