Impact of Institutional Quality on Bilateral Exports: Exploring the role of Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zubair Chishti ◽  
Babar Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Aqib Khursheed
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
High Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Heterogeneous Effect ◽  
Bilateral Exports ◽  
Econometric Technique

This study uses the gravity model to analyze the homogeneous and heterogeneous effect of institutional quality and development on bilateral exports. We use the panel data of 61countries for the period 2000 to 2016 and employ the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Liklihood (PPML) econometric technique with a High-Dimensional fixed effect (HDFE) for an estimation that allows the analysis in the presence of high dimensional fixed effects. The findings reveal that the direct effect of institutional quality and level of development on bilateral exports is positive and significant. Further, the institutional quality and the level of development of the exporter country have more impact on bilateral exports than that of the importer country. Our estimation results of homogeneity of institutions show that when both trading countries share the same level of institutional quality, it boosts the bilateral exports.  The major finding of this study reveals that the interaction effect of institutional quality and level of development on bilateral exports is positive and significant. High value of interaction term of exporter economy and low value of importer country suggest that interaction effect of institutional quality and level of development on bilateral exports of exporter country have a greater impact than the interaction effect of institutional quality and level of development of importer country due to having the more production and exports facilities in exporter country. Based on the findings, some essential policies are also recommended, followed by some future research gaps.

Does deal size moderate the effects of board faultlines? Evidence from acquisitions

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Tidbury ◽  
Steven F. Cahan ◽  
Li Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Instrumental Variable Analysis

Purpose Board faultlines, which reflect intrinsic divisions of board members into relatively homogeneous subgroups, are associated with poor firm performance. This paper aims to extend the existing board faultline research by examining how acquisition deal size moderates the negative implications of board faultlines. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a sample of acquisitions and a quantitative research approach to conduct statistical analysis. Findings Using a sample of acquisitions announced between 2007 and 2016, this paper finds evidence suggesting that strong faultlines are associated with poorer acquisition outcomes in the long-term, but not in the short term. Further, this paper finds that the effect of faultline strength on long-term acquisition outcomes is weaker for larger acquisition deals than smaller acquisition deals. The findings are consistent with deal size moderating the relation between faultlines and acquisition outcomes. Research limitations/implications This paper addresses possible endogeneity through firm fixed effects and instrumental variable analysis. Although this paper provides evidence on the moderating role of deal size in the context of faultlines, future research could examine the role of additional moderators, such as pro-diversity, trust, board leadership and board and task characteristics. Practical implications The findings suggest that boards need to be aware of situations where the negative effects of faultlines are more likely to come to the fore. For example, faultlines are more likely to play a role in more routine, obscure monitoring than for high-profile strategic decisions. Originality/value The study is multidisciplinary as it draws on the management, organizational behaviour and psychology and finance literature. It contributes to the developing literature on faultlines in several important ways. First, this paper supports their view that faultlines have adverse effects on board performance by showing that faultlines negatively impact discrete strategic investment decisions. Second, this paper provides evidence that deals size moderates the faultline-acquisition performance relation, indicating that the role of faultlines is contextual. Third, this paper finds evidence that suggests investors do not factor in board faultlines when responding to acquisition announcements.

scholarly journals The Role of Institutional Quality in Health Expenditure-Labour Force Participation Nexus in Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaide Sekinat Opeloyeru ◽  
Temitope Olanike Faronbi ◽  
Isiaka Akande Raifu
Keyword(s):  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Government Health ◽  
Government Health Expenditure

Abstract The study investigated the role of institutional quality in the relationship between health expenditure and labour force participation (LFP) in Africa, taking into consideration two forms of health expenditures (government health expenditure (GHE) and out-of-pocket health expenditure (OOPHE)) and gender labour force participation dichotomy. We employed data of 39 African countries for the period between 2000 and 2018 using Panel Fixed Effects with Driscoll and Kraay standard errors and two-stage System Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). The results revealed that government health expenditure yields an increasing effect on total, female, and male LFP. OOPHE, in most cases, leads to a decline in LFP. The institutional quality was found to be detrimental to LFP. The magnitude of the positive effect of government health expenditure on LFP is reduced by the interaction of institutional quality with government expenditure. In conclusion, we advocate for the improvement in institutional apparatuses across African countries. JEI CODE: E62; H51; J21; O43

scholarly journals The Role of Institutional Environment in International Trade. The Case of Spanish Regions

REGION ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Laura Márquez-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Common Trend ◽  
Spanish Regions ◽  
Heterogeneous Effect

We move beyond the nation-state as the unit of analysis and use subnational spatial variation to study the effect of the institutional environment on international trade. Additionally, we address the heterogeneous effect of trade agreements on different regions within a country. Employing a gravity model approach, we use a region-to-country dataset to estimate the determinants of Spanish regional exports and we apply quantile regressions for panel data. We find that better institutional quality of trade agreements leads to an increase in both the intensive and the extensive margins of trade. The institutional quality of trade agreements exerts a differential effect on regional exports at different locations within a country, although differences across Spanish regions seem to be larger for the intensive margin than for the extensive margin. We do, however, find a common trend: for the relatively more important exporting regions, the institutional quality of TAs is less relevant for trade margins. Therefore, our results posit that subnational spatial variation should be added to the analysis of the determinants of international trade flows.

Do institutions still matter for investors? Impact of institutional determinants on investment inflows into European economies

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-270
Author(s):  
Victoria Donu ◽  
Martin Janíčko
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Heritage Foundation ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
European Economies ◽  
Economic Stabilization

Institutional quality is commonly cited as a reason that investment infl ows still vary across European countries, despite their economic stabilization following the tumultuous years in the early 1990s. This article tests empirically whether institutional quality has any bearing on the level of investment infl ows into selected groups of European countries. The role of institutions is assessed using Economic Freedom indices from the Heritage Foundation. We construct a panel dataset from 2000–2015 for 35 European countries to apply a fixed-effects and generalized method of moments model framework in the regression benchmark with the metrics from the Heritage Foundation. Results show that although institutional quality has some impact on the level of investment, it is less significant than expected and far less than suggested by the existing theoretical literature. Macroeconomic fundamentals matter more than do institutional factors.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Second Language Learning with Mobile Technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Persson ◽  
Jalal Nouri
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Research Gaps

This study provides a systematic literature review of the research done in mobile assisted second language learning (MASLL) published since 2010. Starting from 1424 sources, 54 articles were selected using predefined selection criteria. The documents were analyzed and coded using the categories: educational form and level, study design, location, context, role of technology, pedagogical practice and learning impact. That information allowed an identification of major educational outcomes related to the integration of mobile devices into second language learning. In addition, the study contributes with a set of identified research gaps and recommendations for future research.

scholarly journals Consumption narratives: contributions, methods, findings and agenda for future research

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Rahmanian
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Narrative Research ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Concise Definition

Purpose Considering the central role of narratives in the articulation of the self, processing experiences and conveying meaning, many scholars in marketing and consumer behaviours have tried to study the subject. This pool of multi-disciplinary studies has yielded fragmented literature resulting in ambiguity. Therefore there is a need for an article, which studies the extant literature comprehensively. Hence, this paper aims to pursue two objectives, to summarize prominent research studies in consumption narratives and to suggest directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach The paper reviews 25 key studies on consumption narratives and highlights their most important contributions, methods and findings. Findings As in consumer narrative research, the concept almost always has been borrowed from different domains, the findings suggest a concise definition to fill this gap. Also, to enrich the findings, three-level of consumption narratives are discussed. Originality/value This paper serves as a basis to comprehend the essence of consumption narratives in the consumption context, to understand the research gaps and provides directions for future research.

Omni-channel research framework in the context of personal selling and sales management

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Cummins ◽  
James W. Peltier ◽  
Andrea Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Sales Management ◽  
Personal Selling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
Sales Process ◽  
Impact Of Technology

Purpose – This paper aims to develop an omni-channel framework in the context of sales and sales management related to six areas: sales contexts, impact of technology, stages in the sales process, impact on relationships, impact on firm performance and the role of various communication tools and platforms. The paper also offers future reach needs in each of these areas. Design/methodology/approach – Literature review and research needs development. Findings – Research in omni-channel marketing in the context of sales and sales management is virtually silent. The authors identify key research gaps and offer recommended future research opportunities. Originality/value – To date, little research in sales and sales management has studied multi-channel marketing. The omni-channel research framework reported here is unique and will help guide research in this area.

scholarly journals Adaptation and change in organizational learning research

2016 ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Adrienn Ferincz
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Learning ◽  
Organizational Adaptation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Organizational Challenges ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Learning Research

To understand the role of organizational learning in the organization’s endeavor to overcome challenges, organizational learning research need to be spread out to the field of adaptation and change. This paper is the first part of a bigger empirical research, a literature review that examines the link between these topics and search for gaps in prior literature. However, these phenomena are closely related in the prior literature, the thinking about organizational learning is rather idealistic than reflective and there are still research gaps regarding the following questions: (1) Is there a need to examine internal organizational challenges from the organizational learning perspective? (2) How can the earlier organizational adaptation be characterized using the constructs of organizational learning? (3) Is the earlier adaptation process or organizational learning process always good and useful for the organization? Based on reviewing prior literature the author formulated an own organizational learning definition and identified future research directions in order to fill these gaps.

scholarly journals International Real Estate Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-81
Author(s):  
Jinwoo Jung ◽  
◽  
Changha Jin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Wealth Effect ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Housing Wealth ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Housing Wealth Effect ◽  
Econometric Technique

In this study, we estimate the housing wealth effect of households with different income levels. Since we expect the housing wealth effect to vary based on the different income levels, we use the threshold estimation technique developed in Hansen (1999) instead of imposing an exogenous criterion to divide the sample by income level. This econometric technique is developed for panels with individual-specific fixed effects. Therefore, we apply this econometric method on the findings in the existing literature to estimate the housing wealth effect, while considering the heterogeneity in different income categories. We obtain individual level data from the 2012 to 2016 Korea Household Finance and Welfare Survey (KHFWS) and find statistically significant threshold income levels, thus indicating households show different behaviors based on the threshold income. We provide the groundwork for future research to identify the target group who maximizes their wealth effect, which has housing policy implications.

Coping Humor as a Mediator Between Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peizhen Sun ◽  
Jennifer J. Chen ◽  
Hongyan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Regulation Of Emotion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Overall Job Satisfaction

Abstract. This study investigated the mediating role of coping humor in the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and job satisfaction. Participants were 398 primary school teachers in China, who completed the Wong Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, Coping Humor Scale, and Overall Job Satisfaction Scale. Results showed that coping humor was a significant mediator between EI and job satisfaction. A further examination revealed, however, that coping humor only mediated two sub-dimensions of EI (use of emotion and regulation of emotion) and job satisfaction. Implications for future research and limitations of the study are discussed.

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