scholarly journals Antibacterial Effect of Low-Level Laser (Diode 405 nm) on Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococci Clinical Isolates (In Vitro)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Rahimeh Khavari ◽  
Reza Massudi ◽  
Afsaneh Karmostaji ◽  
Neda Soleimani ◽  
Pantea Ashkeshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Patient Death ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Spss Software

Background: Enterococcus is a part of normal gastrointestinal flora in human body. Nevertheless, antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus (ARE) is considered a key factor in nosocomial infections which result in a considerable increase in the rate of patient death due to referring of numerous patients to health centers annually, or lead to extended disease convalescence. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the bactericidal effect at 405nm diode at a laser power of 30 mW on ARE viability of clinical infections. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 30 isolates underwent antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) in which sensitivity to piperacillin (100 µg), rifampin (5 µg), and oxacillin (1 µg) were measured based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Afterwards, ten most resistant isolates were selected and irradiated by a 405 nm diode laser at a power of 30 mW for 180 and 240 seconds. The data were reported statistically as mean ± standard deviation, and the analysis of the data on varied bacteria was performed using ANOVA. The result was evaluated by SPSS software and P value ≤0.05 was interpreted to be significant. Results: Bacterial viability decreased unsteadily to 10 resistant isolates. Moreover, enhancing irradiation time caused a lower viability rate in such a way that the viability of isolate 9 having the lowest viability rate was reduced from 2.94% in 180 seconds to 0.58% in 240 seconds. The result was evaluated by SPSS software and P value was determined to be significant, and P≤0.05 was laser irradiation for either 180 s or 240 s. Conclusion: Following the study results, 405 nm diode laser could be applied as a tool for eliminating clinical ARE, and it was useful for preventing hospital-acquired infections.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Bactericidal effect of visible light in the presence of erythrosine on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum compared with diode laser, an in vitro study

LASER THERAPY ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghanbari Habiboallah ◽  
Zakeri Mahdi ◽  
Naderi Nasab Mahbobeh ◽  
Zareian Jahromi Mina ◽  
Faghihi Sina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals In Vitro Photothermal Destruction of Cancer Cells Using Gold Nanorods and Pulsed-Train Near-Infrared Laser

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jui-Teng Lin ◽  
Yueh-Sheng Chiang ◽  
Guang-Hong Lin ◽  
Hsinyu Lee ◽  
Hsia-Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Gold Nanorod ◽  
Near Ir ◽  
Laser Heated ◽  
Train System

We present a novel pulsed-train near-IR diode laser system with real-time temperature monitoring of the laser-heated cancer cell mixed in gold nanorod solution. Near-IR diode laser at 808 nm matching the gold nanorod absorption peak (with an aspect ratio about 4.0) was used in this study. Both surface and volume temperatures were measured and kept above 43°C, the temperature for cancer cells destruction. The irradiation time needed in our pulsed-train system with higher laser fluence for killing the cancel cells is about 1–3 minutes, much shorter than conventional methods (5–10 minutes). Cell viabilities in gold nanorod mixed and controlled solutions are studied by green fluorescence.

scholarly journals Bactericidal effect of a diode laser on Enterococcus faecalis in human primary teeth—an in vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Dai ◽  
Gang Xiao ◽  
Ning Dong ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Shuyang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals Bactericidal effect of visible light in the presence of erythrosine on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum compared with diode laser, an in vitro study

LASER THERAPY ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghanbari Habiboallah ◽  
Zakeri Mahdi ◽  
Naderi Nasab Mahbobeh ◽  
Zareian Jahromi Mina ◽  
Faghihi Sina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Among Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Wound Cultures in Burn Patients: A Five-Year Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Bahram Askarpour ◽  
Alireza Sedaghat ◽  
Nazanin Hazrati ◽  
Ali Ahmadabadi ◽  
Masoud Youssefi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern ◽  
Study Results

Background: Burn remains a globally significant life-threatening problem, especially in developing countries, and infection is considered as a major complication among burn patients. The rate of antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from burn patients has demonstrated a significant increase. In this regard, this study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients’ burn wound infections. Methods: All available wound cultures of burn patients admitted to the burn unit of Emam-Reza hospital/ Mashhad, northeast Iran from March 2012 to March 2017 were included in this retrospective study. Then, the resistance of isolated S. aureus strains against 25 different antibiotic disks was studied based on the aim of the study. Results: Overall, 1973 patients were admitted, out of whom 4758 swab samples were taken from them. Out of 3188 micro-organisms isolated from burn wound cultures, 185 (5.8%) cases were S. aureus. Based on the results, the highest susceptibility rates were related to vancomycin (98.8%), cefazolin (72%), ciprofloxacin (75%), and gentamicin (74.6%). Conclusions: In general, vancomycin, cefazolin, and ciprofloxacin appeared to be the most effective agents among all tested antibiotics for S. aureus. The extensive use of antibiotics in treating infections has resulted in the emergence of resistant strains. Routine microbiological surveillance and careful in vitro testing before antibiotic use may help in the prevention of the ever-increasing antibiotic-resistant pathogens in burn infections.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Fucoidan as an Antimicrobial Agent in a New Functional Beverage

Beverages ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Poveda-Castillo ◽  
Dolores Rodrigo ◽  
Antonio Martínez ◽  
Maria Pina-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agent ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Functional Beverages ◽  
Reference Medium ◽  
Marine Compounds

Seaweeds are a sustainable source of novel functional ingredients with applicability in pharmaceutics, biotechnology, and food science. The bioactivity of most of these marine compounds has scarcely been studied. The present study overviews the bioactivity of the polysaccharide fucoidan derived from Fucus vesiculosus brown algae as an antimicrobial agent against Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. The results obtained in vitro in reference medium reveal a bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect of fucoidan against both pathogens, this bioactivity being significantly dependent (p-value ≤ 0.05) on the concentration, 5–1000 μg/mL, temperature, 8–37 °C, and exposure time, 0–12 days. The results were validated in the formulation of a new functional pasteurized apple beverage to be commercialized under refrigeration. Fucoidan added at 25–100 μg/mL was highly effective against both pathogens. These results increase knowledge for the future formulation of new functional beverages that include marine compounds (high content in fibre, high content in protein; prebiotic and antioxidant properties), additionally revealing antimicrobial potential.

scholarly journals The therapeutic potential of bacteriocins as protein antibiotics

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah M. Behrens ◽  
Anne Six ◽  
Daniel Walker ◽  
Colin Kleanthous
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Protein Toxins

The growing incidence of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections poses a serious threat to public health. Molecules that have yet to be exploited as antibiotics are potent protein toxins called bacteriocins that are produced by Gram-negative bacteria during competition for ecological niches. This review discusses the state of the art regarding the use for therapeutic purposes of two types of Gram-negative bacteriocins: colicin-like bacteriocins (CLBs) and tailocins. In addition to in vitro data, the potency of eight identified CLBs or tailocins has been demonstrated in diverse animal models of infection with no adverse effects for the host. Although the characteristics of bacteriocins will need further study, results obtained thus far regarding their in vivo potency, immunogenicity and low levels of resistance are encouraging. This leads the way for the development of novel treatments using bacteriocins as protein antibiotics.

scholarly journals The Digestibility of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Polyphenols Using an In Vitro Human Digestion Model and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activity

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2360
Author(s):  
Yassine Oulad El Majdoub ◽  
Giovanna Ginestra ◽  
Giuseppina Mandalari ◽  
Paola Dugo ◽  
Luigi Mondello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Food Isolate ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Vitro Model

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (H.s.) is a polyphenolic-rich plant commonly consumed either as a beverage or spice. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro digestibility of H.s. polyphenols using an in vitro model of digestion which simulates the human stomach and small intestine. The bioaccessible polyphenols released in the digested samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array and mass spectrometry detection. H.s. anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside) content drastically dropped during the digestion process from 2.91 ± 0.03 µg g−1 and 8.53 ± 0.08 µg g−1 (w/w) CG (Cyanidin-glucoside) in the raw extract, respectively, to 0.12 ± 0.01 µg g−1 0.12 ± 0.01 µg g−1 (w/w) CG at the end of duodenal digestion. Total polyphenols also have shown a decrease from 1192.65 ± 30.37 µg g−1 (w/w) in the raw extract to 282.24 ± 7.21 µg g−1 (w/w) by the end of gastric digestion, in contrast to their increase by the end of duodenal digestion 372.91 ± 3.97 µg g−1 (w/w). On the other hand, the decrease in certain compounds (e.g., caffeoylquinicandcoumaroylquinic acids) was observed during gastric digestion resulting in an increase of quinic acid in the duodenal aliquots, thus suggesting that this compound was derived from the degradation of the more complex hydroxycinnamic acids. H.s. extract also exhibited a bacteriostatic effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 (MIC of 2.5 mg mL−1) and a bactericidal effect against a food isolate of Listeria monocytogenes (MBC of 2.5 mg mL−1). The undigested polyphenols of H.s. in the upper gastrointestinal tract enters the colon, where they are metabolized by the gut microbiota. The present study results showed that resistance of H.s. polyphenols during gastrointestinal digestion might affect their uptake, resulting in a decrease in their digestibility.

Autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the portal vein of the miniature pig; a preliminary experiment for NOTES approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 350-355
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Miniature Pig ◽  
Hepatic Diseases ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: There is evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could trans-differentiate into the liver cells in vitro and in vivo and thus may be used as an unfailing source for stem cell therapy of liver disease. Combination of MSCs (with or without their differentiation in vitro) and minimally invasive procedures as laparoscopy or Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) represents a chance for many patients waiting for liver transplantation in vain. Methods: Over 30 millions of autologous MSCs at passage 3 were transplanted via the portal vein in an eight months old miniature pig. The deposition of transplanted cells in liver parenchyma was evaluated histologically and the trans-differential potential of CM-DiI labeled cells was assessed by expression of pig albumin using immunofluorescence. Results: Three weeks after transplantation we detected the labeled cells (solitary, small clusters) in all 10 samples (2 samples from each lobe) but no diffuse distribution in the samples. The localization of CM-DiI+ cells was predominantly observed around the portal triads. We also detected the localization of albumin signal in CM-DiI labeled cells. Conclusion: The study results showed that the autologous MSCs (without additional hepatic differentiation in vitro) transplantation through the portal vein led to successful infiltration of intact miniature pig liver parenchyma with detectable in vivo trans-differentiation. NOTES as well as other newly developed surgical approaches in combination with cell therapy seem to be very promising for the treatment of hepatic diseases in near future.

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