scholarly journals The Digestibility of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Polyphenols Using an In Vitro Human Digestion Model and Evaluation of Their Antimicrobial Activity

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2360
Author(s):  
Yassine Oulad El Majdoub ◽  
Giovanna Ginestra ◽  
Giuseppina Mandalari ◽  
Paola Dugo ◽  
Luigi Mondello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Food Isolate ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Vitro Model

Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (H.s.) is a polyphenolic-rich plant commonly consumed either as a beverage or spice. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro digestibility of H.s. polyphenols using an in vitro model of digestion which simulates the human stomach and small intestine. The bioaccessible polyphenols released in the digested samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array and mass spectrometry detection. H.s. anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside) content drastically dropped during the digestion process from 2.91 ± 0.03 µg g−1 and 8.53 ± 0.08 µg g−1 (w/w) CG (Cyanidin-glucoside) in the raw extract, respectively, to 0.12 ± 0.01 µg g−1 0.12 ± 0.01 µg g−1 (w/w) CG at the end of duodenal digestion. Total polyphenols also have shown a decrease from 1192.65 ± 30.37 µg g−1 (w/w) in the raw extract to 282.24 ± 7.21 µg g−1 (w/w) by the end of gastric digestion, in contrast to their increase by the end of duodenal digestion 372.91 ± 3.97 µg g−1 (w/w). On the other hand, the decrease in certain compounds (e.g., caffeoylquinicandcoumaroylquinic acids) was observed during gastric digestion resulting in an increase of quinic acid in the duodenal aliquots, thus suggesting that this compound was derived from the degradation of the more complex hydroxycinnamic acids. H.s. extract also exhibited a bacteriostatic effect against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 (MIC of 2.5 mg mL−1) and a bactericidal effect against a food isolate of Listeria monocytogenes (MBC of 2.5 mg mL−1). The undigested polyphenols of H.s. in the upper gastrointestinal tract enters the colon, where they are metabolized by the gut microbiota. The present study results showed that resistance of H.s. polyphenols during gastrointestinal digestion might affect their uptake, resulting in a decrease in their digestibility.

scholarly journals 49 Effects of in-vitro digestibility in cannulated steers when supplemented different levels of glycerol

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 55-56
Author(s):  
Noheli Gutierrez ◽  
Jamie A Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract A study was conducted to evaluate effects of increasing concentration of food grade glycerol on rumen environment and nutrient digestibility. Three ruminally cannulated Jersey steers were used in this study. The study was conducted from March to May 2019. Experimental design was a 3x3 Latin square with a 2wk adjustment period followed by a 1wk collection period. Diet was coastal bermudagrass hay based. Different forage types were introduced in the incubation process to evaluate digestibility. Glycerol was administered once a day at 0, 15, or 20% of DMI (dry matter intake). dNDF (digestible NDF) and dDM (digestible dry matter) was determined using an ANKOM Daisy II incubator inoculated with 200g fresh rumen fluid and incubated for 12, 24, 48 and 72 h at 39°C. Each vessel contained ground forage samples in filter bags in triplicate. After incubation, filter bags were rinsed with cold water and dried for 24h in a 55°C forced air oven. Data were analyzed using the Proc MIXED procedure of SAS version 9.4. There was no difference dNDF in effect of different levels of glycerol between forage types by diet. But a numerical tendency was observed that dNDF was decreased at 20% inclusion rates in comparison to 0 and 15% inclusion of glycerol in the diet. Neither steer nor run was significantly different in the study. However as expected digestibility over time was significantly different (P < 0.001). A significant increase was observed in DMI with the increased levels of glycerol in the diet (P = 0.003), both the 15% and 20% levels of glycerol increased in DMI in comparison to the control (0%). It appears based on these study results that digestibility may be inhibited, as levels of dietary glycerol increase in the diet and more work needs to be done to find the optimal level of glycerol supplementation.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effect of Low-Level Laser (Diode 405 nm) on Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococci Clinical Isolates (In Vitro)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Rahimeh Khavari ◽  
Reza Massudi ◽  
Afsaneh Karmostaji ◽  
Neda Soleimani ◽  
Pantea Ashkeshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diode Laser ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
P Value ◽  
Patient Death ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Spss Software

Background: Enterococcus is a part of normal gastrointestinal flora in human body. Nevertheless, antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus (ARE) is considered a key factor in nosocomial infections which result in a considerable increase in the rate of patient death due to referring of numerous patients to health centers annually, or lead to extended disease convalescence. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the bactericidal effect at 405nm diode at a laser power of 30 mW on ARE viability of clinical infections. Materials and Methods: In the present study, 30 isolates underwent antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) in which sensitivity to piperacillin (100 µg), rifampin (5 µg), and oxacillin (1 µg) were measured based on the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Afterwards, ten most resistant isolates were selected and irradiated by a 405 nm diode laser at a power of 30 mW for 180 and 240 seconds. The data were reported statistically as mean ± standard deviation, and the analysis of the data on varied bacteria was performed using ANOVA. The result was evaluated by SPSS software and P value ≤0.05 was interpreted to be significant. Results: Bacterial viability decreased unsteadily to 10 resistant isolates. Moreover, enhancing irradiation time caused a lower viability rate in such a way that the viability of isolate 9 having the lowest viability rate was reduced from 2.94% in 180 seconds to 0.58% in 240 seconds. The result was evaluated by SPSS software and P value was determined to be significant, and P≤0.05 was laser irradiation for either 180 s or 240 s. Conclusion: Following the study results, 405 nm diode laser could be applied as a tool for eliminating clinical ARE, and it was useful for preventing hospital-acquired infections.

Factors influencing the dynamics of emulsion structure during neonatal gastric digestion in an in vitro model

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 162-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lueamsaisuk ◽  
R.G. Lentle ◽  
A.K.H. MacGibbon ◽  
L. Matia-Merino ◽  
M. Golding
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals WPI Gel Microstructure and Mechanical Behaviour and Their Influence on the Rate of In Vitro Digestion

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Stephen Homer ◽  
Roderick Williams ◽  
Allison Williams ◽  
Amy Logan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Intestinal Phase ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Oral Processing

The influence of microstructure and mechanical properties on the in vitro digestibility of 15% whey protein isolate (WPI) gels was investigated. Gels were prepared via heat set gelation at three pH values (pH 3, 5 and 7), which produced gels with distinct microstructures and mechanical properties. The gels were minced to simulate an oral/chewing phase, which led to the formation particles of various sizes and textures. The minced gels were passed through either an Infogest (pre-set pH of 3) or Glass stomach (dynamic pH) protocol. Gels were digested in the gastric phase for up to 120 min, at which point the extent of digestion was measured by the amount of filterable nitrogen passing through a sieve. The digesta from both gastric methods were passed through an in vitro simulated intestinal phase. A strong link was found between the elasticity of the initial gel and the gel particle size following simulated oral processing, which significantly (p < 0.01) affected the rate of digestion in the gastric phase. A weaker correlation was also found between the pH of the gels and the extent of gastric digestion. This work highlights the differences in the rate of gastric digestion, arising from oral processing, which can be attributed to the material properties of the substrate.

In Vitro Digestibility of Aluminum from Hibiscus sabdariffa Hot Watery Infusion and Its Concentration in Urine of Healthy Individuals

2016 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Frankova ◽  
Jan Malik ◽  
Ondrej Drabek ◽  
Jirina Szakova ◽  
Ilona Sperlingova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Healthy Individuals

An in vitro model for investigation of vitamin A effects on wound healing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hoda Keshmiri Neghab ◽  
Mohammad Hasan Soheilifar ◽  
Gholamreza Esmaeeli Djavid
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Endothelial Cell Migration ◽  
Normal Fibroblast ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Vitro Model

Abstract. Wound healing consists of a series of highly orderly overlapping processes characterized by hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Prolongation or interruption in each phase can lead to delayed wound healing or a non-healing chronic wound. Vitamin A is a crucial nutrient that is most beneficial for the health of the skin. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of vitamin A on regeneration, angiogenesis, and inflammation characteristics in an in vitro model system during wound healing. For this purpose, mouse skin normal fibroblast (L929), human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC), and monocyte/macrophage-like cell line (RAW 264.7) were considered to evaluate proliferation, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory responses, respectively. Vitamin A (0.1–5 μM) increased cellular proliferation of L929 and HUVEC (p < 0.05). Similarly, it stimulated angiogenesis by promoting endothelial cell migration up to approximately 4 fold and interestingly tube formation up to 8.5 fold (p < 0.01). Furthermore, vitamin A treatment was shown to decrease the level of nitric oxide production in a dose-dependent effect (p < 0.05), exhibiting the anti-inflammatory property of vitamin A in accelerating wound healing. These results may reveal the therapeutic potential of vitamin A in diabetic wound healing by stimulating regeneration, angiogenesis, and anti-inflammation responses.

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