scholarly journals Photosynthetic Phenomics of Field- and Greenhouse-Grown Amaranths vs. Sensory and Species Delimits

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
S. D. S. S. Sooriyapathirana ◽  
L. T. Ranaweera ◽  
H. S. M. Jayarathne ◽  
T. H. I. Gayathree ◽  
P. G. R. G. Rathnayake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Specific Production ◽  
End User ◽  
Amaranth Species ◽  
The Common ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Species Definitions ◽  
User Trust ◽  
Production Characteristics

Consumers hesitate to purchase field-grown shoot-tops of amaranths in Sri Lanka, citing the low-cleanliness making growers focus on greenhouse farming. However, the photosynthetic and growth variations in relation to the organoleptic preference of the greenhouse-grown amaranths in comparison to field-grown counterparts have not been studied. Also, the species delimits of the amaranths in Sri Lanka have not been identified, limiting our ability to interpret species-specific production characteristics. Thus, we assessed the common types of amaranths under greenhouse and field conditions. The photosynthesis was measured using a MultispeQ device of the PhotosynQ phenomic platform, which records chlorophyll fluorescence-based parameters. The shoot-tops were harvested and prepared as dishes according to the typical recipe for amaranths in Sri Lanka. The dishes were subjected to an organoleptic assessment for the parameters color, aroma, bitterness, texture, and overall taste. The differences in plant and the shoot-top biomass were also assessed. The markers atpB-rbcL, matk-trnT, and ITS were used to define the species delimits. The field-grown and greenhouse-grown amaranths exhibited species/cultivar-specific photosynthetic variations. The texture and overall taste of the dishes were different among greenhouse and field-grown material. The tasters preferred the texture and the overall taste of the greenhouse-grown shoot-tops. The greenhouse-grown plants also yielded higher shoot-top harvests compared to field-grown counterparts. Out of the tested markers, ITS defines the delimits of amaranth species. The higher organoleptic preference, the appreciable yield levels, unique photosynthetic patterns of the greenhouse-grown amaranths, and species definitions provide the much-needed platform for clean shoot-top production guaranteeing the highest end-user trust.

Larvae of the blow fly Caiusa testacea (Diptera: Calliphoridae) as egg predators of Polypedates cruciger Blyth, 1852 (Amphibia: Anura: Rhacophoridae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 17374-17379
Author(s):  
W.G.D. Chathuranga ◽  
K. Kariyawasam ◽  
Anslem De Silva ◽  
W.A.Priyanka P. De Silva
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Blow Fly ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
The Family ◽  
Water Container ◽  
The Common ◽  
Natural Breeding ◽  
The Impact

We investigated the impact of dipteran predators on eggs in foam nests of the Common Hour-glass Tree Frog Polypedates cruciger Blyth, 1852 (Anura: Rhacophoridae) in central Sri Lanka.  Foam nests (n=24) of P. cruciger were examined at their natural breeding habitats and infected (n=8) and uninfected spawns (n=16) were identified.  Emerging tadpoles were collected in a water container hung under each spawn and the average number of tadpoles (N) hatched from infected spawns (N=0) was compared with that of uninfected spawns (N=354 ± 67).  Three severely infected spawns were brought to the laboratory and the fly larvae were reared until they metamorphosed to adults.  Morphological and molecular identification of the flies confirmed them as belonging to Caiusa testacea Senior-White, 1923 of the family Calliphoridae.  The infected spawns were completely destroyed and an estimated average of 400 P. cruciger eggs per spawn were lost.  The results revealed a high impact of Caiusa testacea on egg and embryo mortality of P. cruciger.

scholarly journals Comparing the folding landscapes of evolutionarily divergent procaspase-3

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqi Yao ◽  
Clay Clark
Keyword(s):  
Conformational Change ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Folding Pathway ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Folding Intermediates ◽  
Effector Caspases ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ph Dependent ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Dimeric Intermediate

All caspases evolved from a common ancestor and subsequently developed into two general classes, inflammatory or apoptotic caspases. The caspase-hemoglobinase fold has been conserved throughout nearly one billion years of evolution and is utilized for both the monomeric and dimeric subfamilies of apoptotic caspases, called initiator and effector caspases, respectively. We compared the folding and assembly of procaspase-3b from zebrafish to that of human effector procaspases in order to examine the conservation of the folding landscape. Urea-induced equilibrium folding/unfolding of procaspase-3b showed a minimum three-state folding pathway, where the native dimer isomerizes to a partially folded dimeric intermediate, which then unfolds. A partially folded monomeric intermediate observed in the folding landscape of human procaspase-3 is not well-populated in zebrafish procaspase-3b. By comparing effector caspases from different species, we show that the effector procaspase dimer undergoes a pH-dependent conformational change, and that the conformational species in the folding landscape exhibit similar free energies. Together, the data show that the landscape for the caspase-hemoglobinase fold is conserved, yet it provides flexibility for species-specific stabilization or destabilization of folding intermediates resulting in changes in stability. The common pH-dependent conformational change in the native dimer, which yields an enzymatically inactive species, may provide an additional, albeit reversible, mechanism for controlling caspase activity in the cell.

Social spiders and hybrid webs at Studio Tomás Saraceno

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasha Engelmann
Keyword(s):  
Specific Production ◽  
Social Spiders ◽  
Visual Material ◽  
Social Encounter ◽  
Species Specific

A spider’s web is the species-specific production of spacetime; it is an aesthetic as well as an evolutionary, metabolic and climatic achievement. As part of a long-term engagement with spiders and their webs, the artist Tomás Saraceno has collaborated with populations of spiders and other creatures to produce hybrid webs. The processual and patterned production of hybrid webs at Studio Tomás Saraceno inspires thought on the axes of more-than-human sympoeisis, on collaboration between and across multitudes of creatures, and on a spectrum of social and semi-social encounter between different species. Through interviews, storytelling, visual material and critical description, this paper develops a notion of hybrid webs as philosophical-aesthetic propositions for multispecies sociality.

OPEN Platform for Migration of Interactive Services

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Nickelsen ◽  
Fabio Paternò ◽  
Agnese Grasselli ◽  
Kay-Uwe Schmidt ◽  
Miquel Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Television ◽  
End User ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Open Platform ◽  
Business Applications ◽  
Desktop Computers ◽  
Interactive Services ◽  
The Common ◽  
Application Adaptation ◽  
Client Side

One important aspect of ubiquitous environments is to provide users with the possibility to freely move about and continue to interact with the available applications through a variety of interactive devices such as cell phones, PDAs, desktop computers, intelligent watches, or digital television sets. Migratory applications are able to follow the user by sensing changes in the user’s context and adapting to available devices, ideally without interrupting the user experience. However, applications themselves must contain functions to monitor context information, coordinate a migration, handle application adaptation, and interact with the user during the migration process. To make life easier for developers and users of migratory applications, an integrated Migration Service Platform (MSP) is proposed, where all the common migration functions are centralised. The authors show how the platform is realised as middleware that contains a server for the central functions and lightweight client-side running on the end-user devices. The authors show how migratory applications can interact with the platform and thereby do not have to contain migration functions themselves. The authors describe the challenges following the centralisation of a migration platform that can support different types of applications, both games and business applications, implemented with either web-technologies or as component-based applications.

scholarly journals A Case Report on Oral Subcutaneous Dirofilariasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Jayasinghe ◽  
S. R. Gunawardane ◽  
M. A. M. Sitheeque ◽  
S. Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Filarial Nematodes ◽  
Natural Hosts ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mansonia Uniformis

Dirofilariasis is an uncommon zoonotic parasitic infection affecting human. The natural hosts for this nematode are animals such as dogs, cats, foxes, jackals, and raccoons. This disease is endemic in South Eastern United States, Australia, Europe, and Central and Southern Asia.Dirofilaria immitisandD. repensare the common mosquito borne filarial nematodes that cause infection. Several species of mosquitos includingMansonia uniformis,M. annulifera, andAedes aegyptiare the potential vectors for this disease in Sri Lanka. Two rare cases of dirofilariasis presenting as facial and intraoral lumps are presented.

Spatial partitioning in the use of structural woody habitat supports the cohabitation of two cod species in a large lowland river

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Lieschke ◽  
J. P. Lyon ◽  
P. D. Moloney ◽  
S. J. Nicol
Keyword(s):  
Lowland River ◽  
Specific Interactions ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Spatial Partitioning ◽  
Murray River ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Common ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Murray Cod

Many freshwater fish worldwide have been shown to use Structural Woody Habitat (SWH) for a variety of reasons. The mid reaches of the Murray River, a large lowland river in south-eastern Australia, was surveyed by boat electrofishing, to investigate the use of SWH type (hollows, rootmass and solids), SWH distance to bank (near bank, intermediate to bank and mid-channel) and the interaction between SWH type and distance to bank. The study found that Murray cod catch per unit effort (CPUE) increased in near-bank areas when hollows were a component of the SWH. The CPUE of trout cod was higher when hollows were present. However, the interactions between distance to bank and hollow SWH were complex and dependent on presence or absence of rootmass. The species-specific interactions between SWH microhabitat and distance to bank found within this study has important relevance for stream managers. The common practice of realigning SWH favours Murray cod over trout cod, which could have negative consequences for the endangered trout cod. More broadly, managers may need to consider a balance of SWH type and where it is placed in the river for the species they are targeting when rehabilitating rivers via the introduction of SWH.

Petrology and geochronology of cordierite bearing assemblages from the Wanni Complex – Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaus Lechner ◽  
Christoph Hauzenberger ◽  
Marcel Masten ◽  
Dominik Sorger ◽  
G.W.A. Rohan Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Rock Type ◽  
Granulite Facies ◽  
Granulite Facies Metamorphism ◽  
Pan African ◽  
Basement Rocks ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Uht Metamorphism

<p>Based on differences in metamorphic grade and isotope model ages, the basement rocks of Sri Lanka can be subdivided from NW to SE into the Wanni Complex (WC), the Highland Complex (HC) and the Vijayan Complex (VC) (Milisenda et al. 1994). The UHT conditions of the HC were studied extensively and are well constrained whereas data from the WC and VC are less abundant. Only few recent petrological and geochemical work has been done especially along the WC–HC boundary which is still ill-defined (Kitano et al. 2018; Wanniarachchi & Akasaka 2016). Due to the common occurrence of migmatites, pyroxene bearing gneisses, and cordierite bearing metapelites/paragneisses, the WC clearly experienced granulite facies metamorphism. However, PT conditions are lower compared to the HC. In this study, U-Th-Pb monazite dating combined with a petrological study including phase equilibria modelling and thermobarometry was conducted focusing on cordierite bearing migmatic biotite gneisses located at the WC–HC boundary in the West of Sri Lanka. The HC underwent UHT metamorphism at 580-570Ma (Sajeev et al. 2010), the main metamorphic phase of the VC is dated with 580Ma. (Kröner et al., 2013). With U-Th-Pb monazite ages of around 530 Ma, the cordierite bearing assemblages from the WC are significantly younger (Wanniarachchi & Akasaka 2016). The predominantly felsic but also mafic peraluminous migmatic ortho- and paragneisses comprising the mineral assemblage cordierite + garnet + biotite + plagioclase + k-feldspar + quartz + ilmenite + magnetite + spinel + sillimanite ± orthopyroxene and contain monazite (+ zircon ± xenotime) as garnet inclusions (Group1) and in the matrix (Group2). Group1 monazite ages cluster around 575±5 Ma and 561±5 Ma whereas ages of Group 2 cluster at 550±3 and 527±3. Based on ages and textural occurrence of monazite we suggest that two thermal events at ca. 550-575 Ma and ca. 530-550 Ma are recorded in this rock type indicating a complex evolution during the late stage of the Pan-African orogeny. PT conditions range from 700–900°C and from 5–8 kbar with a decreasing north-south gradient. Further geochronological investigations are needed to relate either to the older or the younger overprint to the main metamorphic phase of the WC.</p><p>Kitano, I., Osanai, Y., Nakano, N., Adachi, T., & Fitzsimons, I. C. W. (2018). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 156, 122–144.</p><p>Kröner, A., Rojas-Agramonte, Y., Kehelpannala, K. V. W., Zack, T., Hegner, E., Geng, H. Y., … Barth, M. (2013). Precambrian Research, 234, 288–321. </p><p>Milisenda, C. C., Liewa, T. C., Hofmanna, A. W., & Köhler, H. (1994). Precambrian Research, 66(1–4), 95–110.</p><p>Sajeev, K., Williams, I. S., & Osanai, Y. (2010). Geology, 38(11), 971–974.</p><p>Wanniarachchi, D. N. S., & Akasaka, M. (2016). Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, 111(5), 351–362.</p>

Parasites of the spiny loach Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758 (Pisces: Cobitidae) from Saratov Reservoir

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Минеева ◽  
O. Mineeva
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Standard Technique ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Saratov Reservoir ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cobitis Taenia ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Intensity Of Invasion ◽  
Raphidascaris Acus

Objective of research. To study the species composition of the parasite fauna and the infestation rate of the spiny loach Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758 from Saratov Reservoir. Materials and methods. The material was collected in the Mordovo-Kol’tsovsky area of the Reservoir (the middle part of the reservoir) in 2009 and 2014–2015. Fishing was carried out by a hydrobiological net. Totally 47 individuals of spiny loach were investigated by the method of full parasitological autopsy. Collection, fixation and office studies were carried out using the standard technique; diagnostics of species composition of parasites — by identification guides. To estimate the rate of fish invasion, we used the common parasitological indices: extensity of invasion, intensity of invasion and the index of abundance of parasites. Results and discussion. 7 species of parasites belonging to 5 classes: Monogenea — 1, Cestoda — 1, Trematoda — 3, Nematoda — 1, Bivalvia — 1 were found in the spiny loach Cobitis taenia Linnaeus from Saratov Reservoir. The species composition of parasites and the level of host infestation directly depend on the lifestyle and nutrition of fishes. Eating the infected benthic and weed bed invertebrates (oligochaetes, larvae and adult insects), the spiny loach becomes infected with 3 species of helminths. 4 species of parasites infect the host using the active infestation way. Most of the parasites found in fish from different families and groups are wide specific. The parasite fauna includes 1 species, narrow specific for the spiny loach (monogenea Gyrodactylus latus Bychowsky, 1933) and 1 species specific for loaches (fam. Cobitidae) — metacercariae of Holostephanus cobitis Opravilova, 1968. For 4 species of parasites, the spiny loach is the final (definitive) host, for 3 — intermediate. The dominant species in the composition of the parasite fauna C. taenia is the trematode H. cobitidis (mtc.); the extensity of infection with it reaches 97,9%, the abundance index is 10,8 ind. Fluke larvae infect fishes (using the active way) penetrating through the skin. The most pathogenic for spiny loach parasites are the monogenea G. latus, metacercariae of trematodes H. cobitidis and Paracoenogonimus ovatus Katsurada, 1914, the larva of the nematode Raphidascaris acus Bloch, 1779.

The participation of common and species-"specific" antigens of mycobacteria in the tuberculin skin reaction

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Turcotte
Keyword(s):  
Skin Reaction ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Cutaneous Reaction ◽  
Tuberculin Reaction ◽  
Cross Absorption ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Antigens ◽  
Species Specific

Protoplasmic extracts isolated from four different species of mycobacteria contained common and species-specific antigens. Both the common and the specific antigens were involved in the elicitation of the tuberculin reaction in sensitized guinea pigs. The elimination of the common antigens from the extracts by means of cross absorption with heterologous mycobacterial antibodies led to preparations which, at the doses used in this study, elicited a cutaneous reaction in animals sensitized with the corresponding strains only. Moreover, the tuberculin activity of the common antigens was about the same in animals sensitized either with homologous or heterologous strains.

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