ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG THE FIRST AND SECOND YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS OF THE COURSE 2012-2018 AT HUE UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

2016 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Thi Loi Tran ◽  
Duc Lai Tran
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: To investigate the 1st and 2nd year academic achievement (AA) and its associated factors among the first and second years medical students of the course 2012-2018 at Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy (Hue UMP). Methods: Using a cross-sectional study. Four hundred and eighty students were interviewed using the self-developed questionnaire to track the students’ 1st and 2nd year AA, demographics, daily time use for learning and activities, and their appraisal about the curriculum. Data were analysized using STATA 10.0 and applying multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The mean of students’ GPA of the 1st year (6.95±0.90) was statistically higher than that of the 2nd year (6.83±0.92). The mean of activity achievement of the 1st year (81.40±4.10) was significantly lower than that of the 2nd year (83.96±4.13). Factors associated with 1st year AA included gender, 1st year activity achievement, National examination score upon admission into Hue UMP, National high school graduation examination result, self-study time, disappointment from the 1st year and disorientation after the 1st year. Factors associated with the 2nd year AA were age, 1st year AA, 2nd year activity achievement, time spent for non-academic internet use, time spent for participating in classroom management. Conclusion: Further consultation for students on learning methods and effective strategies for coping withadverse learning environment should be extended to improve students’ academic achievement. Lecturers should be more mindful of subject content and teaching methods to optimizeincrease students’ academic achievement. Key words: academic achievement, associated factors, medical students.

scholarly journals Insight and Associated Factors among Patients with Schizophrenia in Mental Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia, 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandaras Tariku ◽  
Demeke Demilew ◽  
Tolesa Fanta ◽  
Meskerem Mekonnen ◽  
Dessie Abebaw Angaw
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Indicator ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
First Onset ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Background. Insight is the degree of the patient’s awareness and understanding of their attributions, feelings, behavior and disturbing symptoms. Majority of the patients with schizophrenia have poor insight and insight is an important prognostic indicator in schizophrenia to enhance treatment compliances and reducing the risks of clinical deterioration. The main objective of this study was to assess insight and its associated factors among patients with schizophrenia at mental specialized hospital in Ethiopia. Methods. Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to June 2018 Mental Specialized Hospital among 455 patients with schizophrenia. Insight was measured by an abridged version of Scale to assess unawareness of mental disorder. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Calgary depressive scale, Oslo social support scale was used to identify factors associated with insight. Simple and multiple linear regression analysis were used to assess associated factors of insight in the participants. Results. The mean score of insight was 13.66 (95% CI 13.27, 14.04). Age at first onset of illness, duration of treatments, depressive symptoms were inversely associated with mean insight score; whereas unemployed, positive and negative syndrome, previous hospitalization, >=2 episodes were positively associated with mean insight score. Conclusion. Nearly half of the study participants were scored above the mean insight score so, the clinicians and psychotherapists should have to work together to improve insight among patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Stigma Among Patients with HIV/AIDS: A Cross Sectional Study in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Azreen Abdullah ◽  
Adibah Hanim Ismail ◽  
Ching Siew Mooi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

Introduction:HIV stigma refers to negative beliefs, feelings and attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLWH), groups associated with PLWH and other key populations at higher risk of HIV infection, such as people who inject drugs, sex workers, men who have sex with men and transgender people. Despite the advancement made in the knowledge and treatment of HIV, PLWH continues to be stigmatized.Objective: To determine the level of HIV stigma and its predictors among people living with HIV/AIDS in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients aged 18 and above at infectious disease clinic in Hospital Sungai Buloh, Gombak, Malaysia. HIV stigma was assessed using Berger’s HIV stigma scale, which is available in Bahasa Malaysia and English.A self-administered questionnaire was used to determine their demographic and clinical characteristics. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the predictors.Results: 526 subjects participated in this study. The mean age of the study population was 33.5± 8.4 years. The majority of the participants were male (90.9%) and contracted HIV through sexual activities (87.8%). The mean score of HIV stigma was 104.7 ± 19.5. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, patients who were unemployed (B = -8.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -12.12,-3.88, p = < 0.001) and being on antiretroviral treatment (B = 4.95, 95% (CI) = 0.30, 9.60, p = < 0.037) had higher level of HIV stigma.Conclusions: The level of HIV stigma was high (mean score =104.7 ± 19.5). HIV/AIDS patients who are unemployed and on antiretroviral agents were at risks of having higher level of HIV stigma. Future study is needed urgently to implement intervention that can minimize the stigmatization among patients with HIV/AIDS.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 04 No. 01 January’20 Page : 26-35

scholarly journals AVALIAÇÃO DOS FATORES DETERMINANTES À REALIZAÇÃO DA EPISIOTOMIA NO PARTO VAGINAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Dias Nunes ◽  
Amanda De Vasconcelos Mapelli ◽  
Nazaré Otília Nazário ◽  
Eliane Traebert ◽  
Mayara Seemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Prevalence Ratios

Objetivo: O estudo objetiva conhecer os fatores associados à realização da episiotomia no parto vaginal. Metodologia: Estudo transversal envolvendo 330 partos, de janeiro/2012 a dezembro/2013. Estudou-se a associação das variáveis independentes com a realização da episiotomia por meio de cálculo de razões de prevalência e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança, com nível de significância p < 0,05. Resultados: Na amostra estudada, 224 (67,9%) pacientes não realizaram episiotomia e 106 (32,1%) realizaram o procedimento. A idade média foi de 22,9 (± 5,9) anos e a episiotomia foi mais realizada naquelas com idade inferior a 20 anos [RP 1,61 (IC 95% 1,15; 2,25)] (p = 0,005). As mulheres com mais de 8 anos completos de estudo foram significativamente mais submetidas à episiotomia que as demais [RP 2,34 (IC 95% 1,70; 3,22)] (p < 0,001). Conclusão: A realização da episiotomia nesta população ocorreu com maior prevalência nas parturientes mais jovens e com maior escolaridade.Descritores: Episiotomia; Fatores associados; Parto vaginalEVALUATION OF THE DETERMINANT FACTORS TO EPISIOTOMY IN VAGINAL DELIVERYObjective: This study aims to evaluate the factors associated with its performance in vaginal delivery. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 330 births, from January / 2012 to December / 2013. The association of the independente variables with episiotomy was calculated by prevalence ratios and their respective confidence intervals, with significance level p < 0.05. Results: In the studied sample, 224 (67.9%) patients did not undergo episiotomy and 106 (32.1%) had the procedure. The mean age was 22.9 ± 5.9 years and the episiotomy was more frequently performed in those younger than 20 years old [PR 1.61 (95% CI 1.15; 2.25)] (p = 0.005). Women with more than 8 years of education were significantly more likely to undergo episiotomy than the others [PR 2.34 (95% CI 1.70; 3.22)] (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The episiotomy, in this population, occured more likely in younger and more educated parturients.Descriptors: Episiotomy; Associated factors; Vaginal birthEVALUACIÓN DE LOS FACTORES DETERMINANTES A LA REALIZACIÓN DE LA EPISIOTOMÍA EN EL PARTO VAGINALObjetivo: El estudio tiene como objetivo conocer los factores asociados a la realización de la episiotomía en el parto vaginal. Metodología: Estudio transversal que involucra 330 partos, de enero/2012 a diciembre/2013, para la asociación de las variables independientes con la episiotomía por razones de prevalencia y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza, con p <0,05. Resultados: En la muestra, 224 (67,9%) pacientes no realizaron episiotomía y 106 (32,1%) realizaron el procedimiento. La edad media fue de 22,9 (± 5,9) años y la episiotomía fue más realizada en aquellas con edad inferior a 20 años [RP 1,61 (IC 95% 1,15, 2,25)] (p = 0,005) ). Las mujeres con más de 8 años completos de estudio fueron significativamente más sometidas a la episiotomía que las demás [RP 2,34 (IC 95% 1,70; 3,22)] (p <0,001). Conclusión: La realización de la episiotomía ocurrió con mayor prevalencia en las parturientas más jóvenes y con mayor escolaridad.Descriptores: Episiotomía; Factores asociados; Parto vaginal

scholarly journals Psychosocial Factors Associated With Resilience Among Iranian Nurses During COVID-19 Outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood Afshari ◽  
Maryam Nourollahi-darabad ◽  
Niloofar Chinisaz
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Emotional Demand ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
The Face

Background: In the face of COVID-19, healthcare workers need to cope with the ongoing stressors at play and keep psychological distress at a minimum level. This study examined the psychosocial and demographic factors associated with nurse's resilience in the hospitals of Ahvaz that is one of the top cities infected with COVID-19 in Iran.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 387 Iranian nurses in Ahvaz city. For data collection purposes, three online questionnaires (including Copenhagen Psychosocial, Demographic, and Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale) were distributed among the participants.Results: The mean resilience score was equal to 61.8 ± 14.8 for 387 nurses. Resilience had a statistically significant negative correlation with quantitative demand (r = −0.273, P &lt; 0.008), work pace (r = −0.262, P &lt; 0.011), emotional demand (r = −0.226, P &lt; 0.030), stress (r = −0.458, P &lt; 0.000), and burnout (r = −0.287, P &lt; 0.005). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that stress, job satisfaction, burnout and age were the main predictors of nurses' resilience during the (COVID-19) pandemic (R2 = 0.45).Conclusions: We identified psychosocial and demographic predictive factors that may contribute to greater resilience among nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak. The findings of this study can be used to implement psychosocial interventions to amplify the resilience of medical staff during the COVID-19 outbreak.

scholarly journals A Survey of Iranian Primiparous Women’s Perceptions of Vaginal Examination During Labor

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272094051
Author(s):  
Samaneh Dabagh-Fekri ◽  
Leila Amiri-Farahani ◽  
Leila Amini ◽  
Sally Pezaro
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Primiparous Women

Objective: To assess perceptions about vaginal examinations (VEs) during labor among women referred to the Akbarabadi Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from December 2015 to May 2016. It included 200 primiparous women. Convenience sampling was used to select participants. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that collected both demographic and obstetric data from participants, as well as data in relation to women’s experiences according to a designated and validated scale, 24 hours after childbirth. Higher scores were indicative of a more positive perception in relation to a participant’s experience of VE. Results: The mean ± SD score for the perception of the VE and number of examinations in the active phase of labor was 62.9 ± 26.2 and 7.4 ± 2.44, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a significant relationship between perceived duration of examination (short, average [B = −1.03], long [B = 3.84]), feeling of comfort with the examiner (B = 2.73), and number of examiners (B = −0.81) with the mean scores of their perceptions ( P < .05). These 3 variables accounted for 8% of the changes in the women’s perceptions score of VE. Conclusion: The majority of participants in this study underwent excessive VEs during labor. If obstetrically safe, a reduction in the number of examinations during labor along with decreased duration based on women’s perceptions could improve women’s perceptions of VE overall. Additionally, should each VE be performed by the same clinician, women’s perceptions in relation to VEs may also improve.

scholarly journals Clinical empathy in medical students in India measured using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Student Version

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirban Chatterjee ◽  
Rajkrishna Ravikumar ◽  
Satendra Singh ◽  
Pranjal Singh Chauhan ◽  
Manu Goel
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Clinical Empathy ◽  
Student Version ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Jefferson Scale Of Empathy

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical empathy of a cohort of medical students spanning 4 years of undergraduate study and to identify factors associated with empathy. Methods: A cross-sectional study to assess the empathy of undergraduate medical students at the University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital in Delhi, India, was conducted using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy–Student Version. Demographic data were obtained using a pre-tested, semi-open-ended questionnaire. Results: Of the 600 students, 418 participated in the survey (69.7%). The mean empathy score was 96.01 (of a maximum of 140), with a standard deviation of 14.56. The empathy scores decreased from the first to the third semester, plateaued at the fifth semester, and rose again in the seventh semester. Empathy was found to be significantly associated with the gender of the participant, with females having higher scores (P<0.001). The age of the participant, place of residence, whose decision it was for the student to enroll in an MBBS (bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery) program, and the choice of future specialty were not significantly associated with students’ empathy scores. Conclusion: The study found significant gender differences in empathy among the participants. The empathy scores tended to decline initially and then rebound over time. The mean empathy levels found in this study are lower than those reported in most similar studies around the world; therefore, further studies are needed to analyze and address the underlying factors associated with this discrepancy.

scholarly journals A study to assess factors affecting the performance of undergraduate medical students in academic examination in community medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatashiva Reddy B ◽  
Arti Gupta ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Medicine ◽  
Smart Phones ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: Undergraduate medical education is facing many basic problems in India today. This study aimed to identify and analyze factors that affect the students’ academic performance in Community Medicine. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Community Medicine, VCSGGMS & RI, Uttarakhand, India among the third and sixth semester medical students from February to July 2016. The questionnaire was used to interview 182 students. The questionnaire covered demographic factors, physical fitness in terms of refractive error, use of technology in the form of smart phones and internet, stress level in the form of sleeping hours before examination, pattern of meals before examination and material used for study and others. The student was scaled based on an achievement marks percentile. Results: The research population included 182 students (85 male and 97 female). The mean age of the studied students was 21.62 ± 1.61 years. About 48.9% of the students were using spectacles. Over 90% of the students reported using smart phones, computer, and access to the internet. The mean hours of sleep day before the examination were 5.14± 1.94 hours. About three fourth of the students, reported consuming meals before the examination. Demographic factors, i.e. age and gender were significantly associated with students’ overall academic achievement in multiple linear regression analysis (p<0.05). Conclusions: Various factors determine the academic performance of students. To understand better about the factors that contribute in the academic performance of students there is need for a qualitative study.

scholarly journals Caring Behavior And Associated Factors Among Nurses Working In Jimma University Specialized Hospital, Oromia, South West Ethiopia, 2019

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adugna Oluma ◽  
Muktar Abadiga
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Caring Behavior ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Jimma University

Abstract ABSTRACTBACK GROUND: Caring behaviors are actions concerned with the wellbeing of the patients such as sensitivity, comforting, attentive listening, honest and nonjudgmental acceptance. Nurses have an opportunity to convey caring and feeling being cared through their behavior. Behavior associated with caring has a paramount role in linking nursing interaction to the client in experiences but, the concept is ambiguous and elusive toward different scholars to reach on common understanding which is a myth in dealing with caring behavior. Only a few studies have been done on the caring behavior and associated factors globally, and there is a limitation of study done in Ethiopia particularly in this study area. Therefore; the purpose of this study was to assess caring behavior and its associated factors among nurses working in Jimma University specialized hospital, southwest Ethiopia.METHODS: The institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a sample of 224 nurses working in Jimma university specialized hospital from March 20-April 20, 2019. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics including frequency table, mean, standard deviation and percentage were employed. Bivariate and multiple linear regression analysis was used with regression coefficient (β), coefficient of the determinant (R²), CI 95% and p<0.05 were used for statistical significance.RESULTS: The overall proportion of nurses caring behavior was 80.3% which was mostly measured in terms of professional –technical (82.9%) and psychosocial (81.3%) dimension. Job satisfaction as personal satisfaction (beta=1.12, p=0.00), professional satisfaction, (beta=1.07, p=0.00), joint participation in caring process (beta=0.58, p=0.00,) satisfaction with nurse management (beta=0.85, p=00) were significantly associated with caring behavior.CONCLUSION: The proportion of nurses who had a high perception of caring behavior was found to be lower. Thus, all predictors have their own effect on enhancing job satisfaction, improving and creating conducive management and working environment to increase caring behavior. Further comparative studies involving a multidisciplinary and patient point of view were recommended.KEYWORDS: Caring, Caring behavior, Nurses, Jimma, Ethiopia

A cross sectional study: The association between sleeping quality and stress among second and third medical students at the University of Jordan

2021 ◽  
pp. 009121742110112
Author(s):  
AA Toubasi ◽  
BR Khraisat ◽  
RB AbuAnzeh ◽  
HM Kalbouneh
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
University Of Jordan ◽  
The University

Objective Medicine is considered one if not the most stressful educational field. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of stress and poor sleeping quality among medical students and the association between them. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Jordan on second- and third-year medical students. The questionnaire consisted of: 1) Demographics; 2) The assessment tools which were Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep Index (PSQI) and Kessler Psychological Distress Status (K10). Binary logistic regression, chi-square and linear regression were used to investigate the association between PSQI, K10, and their determinants. Results The mean for PSQI score was 6.76 ± 3.32. PSQI scores interpretation revealed that 61.7% of the 282 participants of this study were poor sleepers. Logistic regression results showed that only the category of not napping at all from the napping hours variable was significantly associated with sleeping quality. Furthermore, the mean of K10 scores was 24.5 ± 8.5. K10 scores revealed that 66.3% of the participants were stressed. Logistic regression results showed that gender and regular exercise were significantly associated with psychological distress. Additionally, chi-square test, logistic regression and linear regression showed that PSQI was significantly associated with K10 (P <0.01). Conclusions Stress and poor sleeping quality in medical students at the University of Jordan were highly prevalent and strongly associated. What determined PSQI was daytime napping, and for K10 were regular exercise and gender. Further investigations into stress and sleep quality in the Arabian region are needed.

scholarly journals The Clinical Investigation of Disparity of Utility Values Associated with Gallstone Disease: A Pilot Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Te Hsu ◽  
Yi Liao ◽  
Jorn-Hon Liu ◽  
Tao-Hsin Tung
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Utility Values ◽  
Utility Evaluation

Purpose. The utility evaluation was an effective method to incorporate all of the contributing variables for multiple diseases into one outcome measure. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the utility values associated with varying states of gallstone disease among outpatient clinics participants at a teaching hospital in Taipei, Taiwan.Methods. The utility values were measured by using time trade-off method. A total of 120 outpatient clinics participants (30 subjects with no gallstone disease, 30 subjects with single stone, 30 subjects with multiple stones, and 30 subjects with cholecystectomy) evaluated utility values from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006. The diagnosis of gallstone disease was performed by a panel of specialists using ultrasound sonography.Results. The overall mean utility value was0.89±0.13(95% CI: 0.87–0.91) indicating that study participants were willing to trade about 11% (95% CI: 9–13%) of their remaining life in return for being free of gallstone disease perpetually. The significant associated factors of utility values based on the multiple linear regression analysis were older age and different degrees of gallstone disease.Conclusion. Our results found that in addition to older age, multiple stones and cholecystectomy could influence utility values from the patient’s preference-based viewpoint.

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