Paints and varnishes. Evaluation of properties of coating systems related to the spray application process

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Application ◽  
Application Process

Effect of Nozzle Angleson Spray Losses Reduction

2014 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
pp. 216-221
Author(s):  
Nasir S. Hassen ◽  
Nor Azwadi Che Sidik ◽  
Jamaluddin Md Sheriff
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spray Drift ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Nozzle Height ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Flat Fan Nozzle

Spray losses are the most important problem that is faced in the spray application process as result of spray drift to non target areas by the action of air flow.This paper investigated the spray drift for banding applicationusing even flat-fan nozzle TPEunder wind tunnel conditions.In addition, this paper also examined the effect of different spray fan angles 65°, 80° and 95° on spray drift particularly where there is need to make the nozzle operate at the optimum heights above the ground or plant level.In addition, three cross wind speeds 1, 2 and 3m/swere produced to determine the effect of wind speed on total spray drift.According to the results from this study, the nozzle anglehas a significant effect on the total spray drift. The nozzle angle 65° gave the highest drift reduction compared to the other nozzle angles. The maximum driftfor all nozzles was found at nozzle height of 60 cm. The minimum mean value of the drift was found at wind speed of 1 m/s. This study supports the use of nozzle angles of less than 95° on heights more than 0.5m and on wind speeds more than 1m/s as a means for minimizing spray drift.

scholarly journals Maximizing Performance of Plant Growth Regulators by Improving Spray Application

2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin J. Bukovac
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Component Processes ◽  
The Individual

The importance of spray application and the role of spray additives are reviewed in reference to increasing the effectiveness of plant growth regulators (PGR). The spray application process is composed of a number of interrelated components, from formulation of the active ingredient into a sprayable, bioactive solution (emulsion/suspension), to atomization, delivery, retention, and penetration into the plant tissue. Each of these events is critical to performance of the PGR. Also, each can be affected by spray additives, particularly adjuvants, which may be incorporated in the formulation of the active ingredient or added to the spray mixture. The role of the individual components and effects of spray adjuvants, particularly surfactants and fertilizer adjuvants, on the component processes are discussed.

Student Experience Applying to Graduate School for Speech-Language Pathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 192-205
Author(s):  
Lesley Sylvan ◽  
Andrea Perkins ◽  
Carly Truglio
Keyword(s):  
Graduate School ◽  
Master's Degree ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Student Experience ◽  
Degree Programs ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Application Process ◽  
Master's Degree Programs ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Master’S Degree

Purpose The purpose of this study is to better understand the experiences faced by students during the application process for master's degree programs in speech-language pathology. Method Data were collected through administering an online survey to 365 volunteers who had applied to master's degree programs in speech-language pathology. Survey questions were designed to gain the student perspective of the application process through exploration of students' deciding factors for top choices of graduate programs, emotional involvement in the application process, biases/rumors heard, student challenges, advice to future applicants, and what students would change about the application process. Results Factors that influenced participants' reasoning for selecting their “top choice” programs were largely consistent with previous studies. Issues that shaped the student experience applying to graduate school for speech-language pathology included financial constraints, concern regarding the prominence of metrics such as Graduate Record Examinations scores in the admissions process, a perceived lack of guidance and advising from faculty, and confusion regarding variation among graduate program requirements. Conclusion Gaining insight into the student experience with the application process for graduate programs in speech-language pathology yields useful information from a perspective not frequently explored in prior literature. While the data presented in this study suggest the process is confusing and challenging to many applicants, the discussion highlights practical solutions and sheds light on key issues that should be considered carefully by individual graduate programs as well as the field as a whole.

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