Evaluation of foreign winter triticale varieties by productivity and grain quality parameters for use in breeding programs

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.M. Gadelzyanova ◽  
◽  
N.Sh. Khusainova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Winter Triticale

scholarly journals The effects on grain quality traits of a grain serpin protein and the VPM1 segment in southern Australian wheat breeding

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Cane ◽  
P. J. Sharp ◽  
H. A. Eagles ◽  
R. F. Eastwood ◽  
G. J. Hollamby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Relationship Matrix ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Active Selection ◽  
Australian Wheat ◽  
Milling Yield

Production of wheat of sufficient quality to meet market demands is an ongoing agricultural challenge. Identification and evaluation of alleles of genes affecting quality parameters enables breeders to improve their germplasm by active selection towards specific allele combinations. Using a large dataset obtained from southern Australian wheat breeding programs, and including a relationship matrix in the analysis to minimise bias, we re-evaluated the effects of high- and low-molecular-weight glutenin alleles and puroindoline alleles on the grain quality parameters Rmax, dough extensibility, dough development time, flour water absorption, and milling yield and found that estimated effects were in close agreement with those from earlier analyses without a relationship matrix. We also evaluated, for the first time, the effects on the same quality parameters of 2 alleles (wild-type and null) of a defence grain protein, a serpin located on chromosome 5B. In addition, we assessed the effect of the VPM1 alien segment. The serpin null allele significantly reduced milling yield by ~0.4 g of flour per 100 g of grain milled across different germplasm sources and flour protein levels. In Australian germplasm, the origin of this allele was traced to a 19th Century introduction from India by William Farrer; however other sources, of significance in international breeding programs, were also identified. Our analysis of the effect of the VPM1 segment on quality traits revealed no detrimental effects of its presence on the traits we measured.

scholarly journals Response of Wheat Storage Proteins and Breadmaking Quality to Dimethylpyrazole-Based Nitrification Inhibitors under Different Nitrogen Fertilization Splitting Strategies

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Ximena Huérfano ◽  
José-María Estavillo ◽  
Miren K. Duñabeitia ◽  
María-Begoña González-Moro ◽  
Carmen González-Murua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Dough Strength ◽  
Isomeric Mixture ◽  
Breadmaking Quality

Improving fertilizer nitrogen (N) use efficiency is essential to increase crop productivity and avoid environmental damage. This study was conducted during four crop cycles of winter wheat under humid Mediterranean conditions (Araba, northern Spain). The effects of N-fertilization splitting and the application of the nitrification inhibitors (NIs) 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and 2-(3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) succinic acid isomeric mixture (DMPSA) as strategies to improve grain quality were examined. The hypothesis of this study was to test if the partial ammonium nutrition and the reduction of fertilizer losses presumably induced by the application of NIs can modify the grain gliadin and glutenin protein contents and the breadmaking quality (dough rheological properties). Among both NIs assayed, only DMPP showed a slight effect of decreasing the omega gliadin fraction, following splitting either two or three times, although this effect was dependent on the year and was not reflected in terms of dough extensibility. The slight decreases observed in grain quality in terms of dough strength and glutenin content induced by DMPP suggest that DMPSA is more promising in terms of maintaining grain quality. Nonetheless, these poor effects exerted by NI application on grain quality parameters did not lead to changes in the quality parameters defining the flour aptitudes for breadmaking.

scholarly journals The study of collection durum winter wheat samples according to grain quality in the Rostov region

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
A. S. Kameneva ◽  
E. V. Ionova ◽  
D. M. Marchenko ◽  
N. P. Ilichkina ◽  
O. A. Nekrasova
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Kernel Hardness ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Protein Percentage ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Gluten Content ◽  
Large Kernel

The success of any agricultural crop breeding, including winter durum wheat primarily depends on the initial material at the breeder’s disposal, its value, and the degree of study. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate collection samples of winter durum wheat according to quality indicators and to select the best ones for use in breeding programs. In the Rostov region there were studied 159 winter durum wheat samples of different ecological and geographical origin according to grain quality (protein percentage, gluten content, amount of carotenoid pigments, kernel hardness, nature weight). The winter durum wheat samples had a high protein percentage and belonged to the 1-st quality class. According to gluten content in grain there were identified 17 (10.7%) samples. The following samples had the maximum values of trait ‘SDS-sedimentation’: ‘588/15’ (Russia) with 50 ml; ‘SAHINBEY’ (Turkey), ‘SARI BUGDAY 2’ (Turkey), ‘543/15’ (Russia) with 49 ml; ‘ANKARA 98’ (Turkey) with 48 ml. The following 43 winter durum wheat samples (more than 85%) had large kernel hardness in the trial: ‘663/17’, ‘1121/12’, ‘Novinka 4’, ‘Alena’ (Russia), ‘C1252’ (Turkey), ‘SN TURK MI 82-83 90 / GUTROS-2’, ‘DF 28.82.84 / DAB-18’, ‘P 1290493 // HUI // AV79’ (Mexico), ‘K-61869’ (Moldova). Over the years of study, a large amount of carotenoid pigments was identified in the following samples: ‘Novinka 4’ with 705 μg /%, ‘535/17’ with 689 μg /%, ‘543/15’ with 664 μg /% (Russia), ‘OSU-3880001 / 4AOS / SNIP / 3 / MEDIUM / KIF // SAPI’ with 704 μg /% (Mexico), ‘Winter Gold’ with 697 μg /% (Germany). According to the complex of qualitative indicators, there were identified 5 winter durum wheat samples, which are recommended to be included in the breeding programs of the Rostov region.

scholarly journals Genetic Advance of Durum Wheat Under High Yielding Conditions: The Case of Chile

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro del Pozo ◽  
Iván Matus ◽  
Kurt Ruf ◽  
Dalma Castillo ◽  
Ana María Méndez-Espinoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Days To Heading ◽  
High Yield Potential

In Chile, durum wheat is cultivated in high-yielding Mediterranean environments, therefore breeding programs have selected cultivars with high yield potential in addition to grain quality. The genetic progress in grain yield (GY) between 1964 and 2010 was 72.8 kg ha−1 per year. GY showed a positive and significant correlation with days to heading, kernels per unit ground area and thousand kernel weight. The gluten and protein content tended to decrease with the year of cultivar release. The correlation between the δ13C of kernels and GY was negative and significant (−0.62, p < 0.05, for all cultivars; and −0.97, p < 0.001, excluding the two oldest cultivars). The yield progress (genetic plus agronomic improvements) of a set of 40–46 advanced lines evaluated between 2006 and 2015 was 569 kg ha−1 per year. Unlike other Mediterranean agro-environments, a longer growing cycle together with taller plants seems to be related to the increase in the GY of Chilean durum wheat during recent decades.

scholarly journals Tillage systems and nitrogen timings effect on growth, stay green and grain quality in maize (Zea mays L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3007
Author(s):  
Allah Wasaya ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir ◽  
Muhammad Mansoor Javed ◽  
Muhammad Ali Raza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Mouldboard Plough

Nitrogen (N), being mobile in soil is exposed to various losses owing to unwise use of nitrogen fertilizer, and conventional soil and crop management practices which can be minimized by temporal nitrogen application and different tillage practices. This study was conducted to elucidate the effect of different tillage systems and nitrogen timings on growth, stay green and grain quality in maize. Three tillage systems viz. T1: tillage with cultivator, T2: mouldboard plough + 2-cultivations, T3: chisel plough + 2-cultivations; and five nitrogen timings viz. N1: whole at sowing, N2: ½ at sowing+½ at V5 (5-leaf stage), N3: ½ at sowing+½ at tasseling, N4: ½ at V5+½ at tasseling, N5: 1/3 at sowing+1/3 at V5+1/3 at tasseling). Tillage systems and nitrogen application had significant effect on leaf area per plant, specific leaf area and leaf area ratio. Tillage systems had non-significant effect on stay green and grain quality parameters except for oil contents. However, nitrogen timings had significant effect on chlorophyll a, b and total contents as well as grain quality parameters. The higher a, b and total chlorophyll contents were noted with three splits i.e. 1/3 at sowing+1/3 at V5+1/3 at tasseling compared with other treatments. The results suggest to grow maize by preparing the field through chisel plough and applying N in three splits to improve its growth, chlorophyll contents and grain quality.

scholarly journals Intra-varietal polymorphism of gliadins and glutenins within wheat varieties grown in the Czech Republic and its impact on grain quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 140-148
Author(s):  
V. Dvořáček ◽  
J. Bradová ◽  
I. Capouchová ◽  
A. Prohasková ◽  
L. Papoušková
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Glutenin Subunits ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Gliadin Alleles

Using vertical electrophoresis, a set of 22 biotypes heterogeneous according to their gliadin alleles as well as their low-molecular-weight (LMW) and high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits were identified in 10 winter wheat varieties registered in the Czech Republic. The effects of individual biotypes and their specific allelic compositions on 16 grain quality parameters were investigated. Inter-varietal differences in particular quality parameters (Zeleny sedimentation, farinograph water absorption, several values of the solvent retention capacity test) were significantly greater than the differences detected among biotypes of each variety. Special attention was given to the LMW glutenin subunits and gliadin alleles and to mutual interactions responsible for significant differences in the tested grain parameters. The results revealed at least one case of significant differences in grain quality parameters among biotypes of eight heterogeneous wheat varieties. This work unambiguously indicates that the high prevalence of wheat biotype(s) with significantly poorer values in some grain parameters can also decrease the expected technological quality of the original wheat variety. In particular, multi-line wheat varieties carrying alleles Glu-B1 (6+8) and Glu-B1 (7+9) or Glu-B3j and Glu-B3g can indicate the possibility of some significant changes in grain quality parameters.

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