scholarly journals Redondoviridae: High Prevalence and Possibly Chronic Shedding in Human Respiratory Tract, But No Zoonotic Transmission

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Nguyen Tu ◽  
Xutao Deng ◽  
Nguyen Hong ◽  
Nguyen Ny ◽  
Tran Phuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Zoonotic Transmission ◽  
Human Respiratory Tract ◽  
Virus Family ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Potential Pathogenicity ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Sampling Duration

Redondoviridae is a recently discovered DNA virus family consisting of two species, vientovirus and brisavirus. Here we used PCR amplification and sequencing to characterize redondoviruses in nasal/throat swabs collected longitudinally from a cohort of 58 individuals working with animals in Vietnam. We additionally analyzed samples from animals to which redondovirus DNA-positive participants were exposed. Redondoviruses were detected in approximately 60% of study participants, including 33% (30/91) of samples collected during episodes of acute respiratory disease and in 50% (29/58) of baseline samples (with no respiratory symptoms). Vientovirus (73%; 24/33) was detected more frequently in samples than brisaviruses (27%; 9/33). In the 23 participants with at least 2 redondovirus-positive samples among their longitudinal samples, 10 (43.5%) had identical redondovirus replication-gene sequences detected (sampling duration: 35–132 days). We found no identical redondovirus replication genes in samples from different participants, and no redondoviruses were detected in 53 pooled nasal/throat swabs collected from domestic animals. Phylogenetic analysis described no large-scale geographical clustering between viruses from Vietnam, the US, Spain, and China, indicating that redondoviruses are highly genetically diverse and have a wide geographical distribution. Collectively, our study provides novel insights into the Redondoviridae family in humans, describing a high prevalence, potentially associated with chronic shedding in the respiratory tract with lack of evidence of zoonotic transmission from close animal contacts. The tropism and potential pathogenicity of this viral family remain to be determined.

scholarly journals Identification of a Third Human Polyomavirus

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 4130-4136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Allander ◽  
Kalle Andreasson ◽  
Shawon Gupta ◽  
Annelie Bjerkner ◽  
Gordana Bogdanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Human Polyomavirus ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Human Respiratory Tract ◽  
Ki Polyomavirus ◽  
Virus Screening

ABSTRACT We have previously reported on a system for large-scale molecular virus screening of clinical samples. As part of an effort to systematically search for unrecognized human pathogens, the technology was applied for virus screening of human respiratory tract samples. This resulted in the identification of a previously unknown polyomavirus provisionally named KI polyomavirus. The virus is phylogenetically related to other primate polyomaviruses in the early region of the genome but has very little homology (<30% amino acid identity) to known polyomaviruses in the late region. The virus was found by PCR in 6 (1%) of 637 nasopharyngeal aspirates and in 1 (0.5%) of 192 fecal samples but was not detected in sets of urine and blood samples. Since polyomaviruses have oncogenic potential and may produce severe disease in immunosuppressed individuals, continued searching for the virus in different medical contexts is important. This finding further illustrates how unbiased screening of respiratory tract samples can be used for the discovery of diverse virus types.

scholarly journals Tu1497 NATIONWIDE SURVEY OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE IN HIGH PREVALENCE OF GASTRIC CANCER COUNTRY (BHUTAN): A LARGE-SCALE COMMUNITY-BASED STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. AB591-AB592
Author(s):  
Ratha-Korn Vilaichone ◽  
Natsuda Aumpan ◽  
Tomohisa Uchida ◽  
Thawee Ratanachu-ek ◽  
Lotay Tshering ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Community Based ◽  
High Prevalence

A model for deposition of stable and unstable aerosols in the human respiratory tract

AIHAJ ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1055-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. AUSTIN ◽  
J. BROCK ◽  
E. WISSLER
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Human Respiratory Tract

Numerical assessment of natural respiration and particles deposition in the computed tomography scan airway with a glomus tumour

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110240
Author(s):  
Digamber Singh
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Glomus Tumour ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Human Respiratory Tract ◽  
Airflow Pattern ◽  
Human Airways ◽  
Tomography Scan

The human respiratory tract has a complex airflow pattern. If any obstruction is present in the airways, it will change the airflow pattern and deposit particles inside the airways. This is the concern of breath quality (inspired air), and it is decreasing due to the unplanned production of material goods. This is a primary cause of respiratory illness (asthma, cancer, etc.). Therefore, it is important to identify the flow characteristics in the human airways and airways with a glomus tumour with particle deposition. A numerical diagnosis is presented with an asymmetric unsteady-state light breathing condition (10 l/min). An in vitro human respiratory tract model has been reconstructed using computed tomography scan techniques and an artificial glomus tumour developed 2 cm above a carina on the posterior wall of the trachea. The transient flow characteristics are numerically simulated with a realizable (low Reynolds number) k–ɛ turbulence model. The flow disturbance is captured around the tumour, which influenced the upstream and downstream of the flow. The flow velocity pattern, wall shear stress and probable area of inflammation (hotspot) due to suspended particle deposition are determined, which may assist doctors more effectively in aerosol therapy and prosthetics of human airways illness.

High prevalence of weak D type 42 in a large‐scale RHD genotyping program in the province of Quebec (Canada)

Transfusion ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel André Leiva‐Torres ◽  
Marie‐Claire Chevrier ◽  
Jessica Constanzo‐Yanez ◽  
Antoine Lewin ◽  
Josée Lavoie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
High Prevalence

scholarly journals Molecular Subtyping of Blastocystis sp. Isolated from Farmed Animals in Southern Italy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1656
Author(s):  
Simona Gabrielli ◽  
Marialetizia Palomba ◽  
Federica Furzi ◽  
Emanuele Brianti ◽  
Gabriella Gaglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Zoonotic Transmission ◽  
Ssu Rrna ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Blastocystis Sp

Blastocystis is a common intestinal protist distributed worldwide, infecting humans and a wide range of domestic and wild animals. It exhibits an extensive genetic diversity and, so far, 25 distinct small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) lineages termed subtypes (STs)) have been characterized; among them, 12 have thus far been reported in humans. The aims of the present study were to detect and genetically characterize Blastocystis sp. in synantropic animals to improve our current knowledge on the distribution and zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis STs in Italy. Samples were collected from N = 193 farmed animals and submitted to DNA extraction and PCR amplification of the SSU rRNA. Blastocystis was detected in 60 samples (31.08%) and successfully subtyped. Phylogenetic analysis evidenced that the isolates from fallow deer, goats, and pigs (N = 9) clustered within the ST5; those from pheasants (N = 2) in the ST6; those from chickens (N = 8) in the ST7; those from sheep (N = 6) in the ST10; and those from water buffaloes (N = 9) in the ST14 clade. The comparison between the present isolates from animals and those previously detected in humans in Italy suggested the animal-to-human spillover for ST6 and ST7. The present study represents the widest Blastocystis survey performed thus far in farmed animals in Italy. Further epidemiological studies using molecular approaches are required to determine the occurrence and distribution of Blastocystis STs in other potential animal reservoirs in Italy and to define the pathways of zoonotic transmission.

A REVISED STYLIZED MODEL OF THE ADULT EXTRATHORACIC AND THORACIC AIRWAYS FOR USE WITH THE ICRP-66 HUMAN RESPIRATORY TRACT MODEL

2004 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo B. Farfán ◽  
Eun Young Han ◽  
Wesley E. Bolch ◽  
ChulHaeng Huh ◽  
Thomas E. Huston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Human Respiratory Tract
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