scholarly journals Adenovirus Core Proteins: Structure and Function

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Shermila Kulanayake ◽  
Suresh K. Tikoo
Keyword(s):  
Rna Splicing ◽  
Viral Vectors ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Viral Capsid ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Core Proteins ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function ◽  
Viral Capsid Proteins

Adenoviruses have served as a model for investigating viral-cell interactions and discovering different cellular processes, such as RNA splicing and DNA replication. In addition, the development and evaluation of adenoviruses as the viral vectors for vaccination and gene therapy has led to detailed investigations about adenovirus biology, including the structure and function of the adenovirus encoded proteins. While the determination of the structure and function of the viral capsid proteins in adenovirus biology has been the subject of numerous reports, the last few years have seen increased interest in elucidating the structure and function of the adenovirus core proteins. Here, we provide a review of research about the structure and function of the adenovirus core proteins in adenovirus biology.

Peptides as models for the structure and function of viral capsid proteins: Insights on dengue virus capsid

Biopolymers ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Miguel Freire ◽  
Ana Salomé Veiga ◽  
Beatriz G. de la Torre ◽  
Nuno C. Santos ◽  
David Andreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Capsid Proteins ◽  
Viral Capsid ◽  
Virus Capsid ◽  
And Function ◽  
Viral Capsid Proteins

Assessment of the impact of nanoparticles on the activity of biomimetic membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol XXXVII (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Dorota Kondej
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Biological Membranes ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Lipid Monolayer ◽  
Biomimetic Membranes ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Biomimetic Membrane ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents basic information on a structure and function of biological membranes. Types of biomimetic membranes modelling properties of biological membranes were introduced. The method of testing surface properties of a lipid monolayer, which is the basic type of biomimetic membranes, was described. The presented method makes it possible to evaluate the effect of nanoparticles on the surface activity of biomimetic membranes based on the determination of the surface index MA. This article discusses the problems of occupational safety and health, which are covered by health sciences and environmental engineering.

scholarly journals The structure and function of centriolar rootlets

2021 ◽  
Vol 134 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Mahen
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Function ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Macromolecular Assemblies ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
And Function ◽  
Knockout Animals

ABSTRACT To gain a holistic understanding of cellular function, we must understand not just the role of individual organelles, but also how multiple macromolecular assemblies function collectively. Centrioles produce fundamental cellular processes through their ability to organise cytoskeletal fibres. In addition to nucleating microtubules, centrioles form lesser-known polymers, termed rootlets. Rootlets were identified over a 100 years ago and have been documented morphologically since by electron microscopy in different eukaryotic organisms. Rootlet-knockout animals have been created in various systems, providing insight into their physiological functions. However, the precise structure and function of rootlets is still enigmatic. Here, I consider common themes of rootlet function and assembly across diverse cellular systems. I suggest that the capability of rootlets to form physical links from centrioles to other cellular structures is a general principle unifying their functions in diverse cells and serves as an example of how cellular function arises from collective organellar activity.

XV.—The Digestive Diverticula in the Lamellibranchs

1926 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Yonge
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Gland ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Superficial Resemblance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function

Because of the superficial resemblance of the digestive diverticula of the Lamellibranchs, and of many other Invertebrates, to the liver of the Vertebrates, and the discovery in them of glycogen by Bernard (1855), they became known as the “liver.” Weber (1880) later introduced the name hepatopancreas as a result of his discovery of the secretory powers of the diverticula in the Crustacea. In spite of the fact that none of the constituents of bile has ever been discovered in the Invertebrates, and that the digestive diverticula are in no way analogous to the liver of the Vertebrates, as Jordan (1912) has shown in his review of the subject, the terms “liver” and “hepatopancreas,” as well as the less questionable designation “digestive gland,” are still generally used. Moreover, no attempt is made to distinguish between these organs in the different groups of Invertebrates although both their structure and function in, for example, the Lamellibranchs, Gastropods, Cephalopods, and Crustacea are totally different. In some cases they constitute a digestive gland; in others, including the Lamellibranchs, as I hope to show in this paper, their function is that of assimilation, and so they are most suitably designated digestive diverticula.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF THE QUANTITY OF SECRETING TISSUE IN THE LIVING KIDNEY

1918 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Watanabe ◽  
Jean Oliver ◽  
Thomas Addis
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Urea Content ◽  
And Function

1. Under the strain induced by the administration of urea, it is possible to demonstrate the relation between the degree of anatomical damage in the kidney and the degree of defect in the urea-excreting capacity induced by uranium. 2. The closest correlation between structure and function was obtained when the ratio between the urea content of the urine and of the blood was used as the measure of function.

scholarly journals 60 YEARS OF POMC: Lipotropin and beta-endorphin: a perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. T13-T25 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Smyth
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Analysis ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Molecular Endocrinology ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Quantitative Amino Acid Analysis

Many important fields of research had a humble origin. In the distant past, A J P Martin’s discovery that amino acids could be separated by paper chromatography and Moore and Stein’s use of columns for quantitative amino acid analysis provided the first steps towards the determination of structure in complex biologically active molecules. They opened the door to reveal the essential relationship that exists between structure and function. In molecular endocrinology, for example, striking advances have been made by chemists with their expertise in the identification of structure working with biologists who contributed valuable knowledge and experience. Advantage was gained from the convergence of different background, and it is notable that the whole is greater than the sum. In the determination of structure, it may be recalled that four of the world’s great pioneers (Archibald Martin, Rodney Porter, Fred Sanger and Vincent du Vigneaud) were acknowledged for their fundamental contributions when individually they were awarded the Nobel Prize. They foresaw that the identification of structure would prove of outstanding importance in the future. Indeed, study of the structures of β-endorphin and enkephalin and the different forms of opiate activity they engender has led to a transformation in our understanding of chemical transmission in the brain.

scholarly journals Structural insights into the architecture and assembly of eukaryotic flagella

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Narcis-Adrian Petriman ◽  
Esben Lorentzen
Keyword(s):  
Structure And Function ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Repetitive Nature ◽  
Unicellular Organisms ◽  
Cilia And Flagella ◽  
And Function ◽  
Signaling Components ◽  
Structural Insights ◽  
Insight Into

Cilia and flagella are slender projections found on most eukaryotic cells including unicellular organisms such as Chlamydomonas, Trypanosoma and Tetrahymena, where they serve motility and signaling functions. The cilium is a large molecular machine consisting of hundreds of different proteins that are trafficked into the organelle to organize a repetitive microtubule-based axoneme. Several recent studies took advantage of improved cryo-EM methodology to unravel the high-resolution structures of ciliary complexes. These include the recently reported purification and structure determination of axonemal doublet microtubules from the green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, which allows for the modeling of more than 30 associated protein factors to provide deep molecular insight into the architecture and repetitive nature of doublet microtubules. In addition, we will review several recent contributions that dissect the structure and function of ciliary trafficking complexes that ferry structural and signaling components between the cell body and the cilium organelle.

scholarly journals IMPROVING STUDENT'S COGNITIVE LEARNING OUTCOME THROUGH DISCOVERY LEARNING MODEL IN STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF PLANT TISSUES SUBJECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhayati Dukomalamo ◽  
Bahtiar Bahtiar ◽  
Arini Zahrotun N
Keyword(s):  
Action Research ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Learning Outcome ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function

<p><em>Discovery learning model encourages learners to find new knowledge and to look for the solution of problems or odd situations. The model provides an opportunity for students to actively participate in building knowledge that they would gain during learning. The research aims to improve student's cognitive learning outcome and activities through discovery learning model in the subject of the Structure and Function of Plant Tissues in SMP Negeri (Public Junior High School) 4 Ternate. The research is a classroom action research in the academic year of 2018/2019. The action research is conducted in two cycles. The research result indicates that the application of discovery learning model could improve the cognitive learning outcome and learning activities among students at class VIII-4 of SMP Negeri 4 Kota Ternate in the subject of the Structure and Function of Plant Tissues. </em></p>

scholarly journals RNA interactomics: recent advances and remaining challenges

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Schönberger ◽  
Christoph Schaal ◽  
Richard Schäfer ◽  
Björn Voß
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Rna Structure ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Rna Duplexes ◽  
And Function

Tight regulation of cellular processes is key to the development of complex organisms but also vital for simpler ones. During evolution, different regulatory systems have emerged, among them RNA-based regulation that is carried out mainly by intramolecular and intermolecular RNA–RNA interactions. However, methods for the transcriptome-wide detection of these interactions were long unavailable. Recently, three publications described high-throughput methods to directly detect RNA duplexes in living cells. This promises to enable in-depth studies of RNA-based regulation and will narrow the gaps in our understanding of RNA structure and function. In this review, we highlight the benefits of these methods and their commonalities and differences and, in particular, point to methodological shortcomings that hamper their wider application. We conclude by presenting ideas for how to overcome these problems and commenting on the prospects we see in this area of research.

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