scholarly journals Hydrogel-Based Technologies for the Diagnosis of Skin Pathology

Technologies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Christian Wiraja ◽  
Xiaoyu Ning ◽  
Mingyue Cui ◽  
Chenjie Xu
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
On Demand ◽  
The Past ◽  
Skin Conditions ◽  
Chemical Cross Linking ◽  
Physical Entanglement

Hydrogels, swellable hydrophilic polymer networks fabricated through chemical cross-linking or physical entanglement are increasingly utilized in various biomedical applications over the past few decades. Hydrogel-based microparticles, dressings and microneedle patches have been explored to achieve safe, sustained and on-demand therapeutic purposes toward numerous skin pathologies, through incorporation of stimuli-responsive moieties and therapeutic agents. More recently, these platforms are expanded to fulfill the diagnostic and monitoring role. Herein, the development of hydrogel technology to achieve diagnosis and monitoring of pathological skin conditions are highlighted, with proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, and reactive species employed as target biomarkers, among others. The scope of this review includes the characteristics of hydrogel materials, its fabrication procedures, examples of diagnostic studies, as well as discussion pertaining clinical translation of hydrogel systems.

A stimuli responsive liposome loaded hydrogel provides flexible on-demand release of therapeutic agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 110-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh S. O’Neill ◽  
Caroline C. Herron ◽  
Conn L. Hastings ◽  
Roel Deckers ◽  
Adolfo Lopez Noriega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
On Demand

N-heterocyclic carbene-metal complexes as bio-organometallic antimicrobial and anticancer drugs, an update (2015–2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 2239-2275
Author(s):  
Siddappa A Patil ◽  
Amy P Hoagland ◽  
Shivaputra A Patil ◽  
Alejandro Bugarin
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Heterocyclic Carbenes ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
The Past ◽  
Simple Variation ◽  
Future Work

N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are organic compounds that typically mimic the chemical properties of phosphines. NHCs have made a significant impact on the field of coordination and organometallic chemistry because they are easy to prepare and handle and because of their versatility and stability. Importantly, the physicochemical properties of NHCs can be easily fine-tuned by simple variation of substituents on the nitrogen atoms. Over the past few years, various NHC–metal complexes have been extensively used as metal-based drug candidates and catalysts (homogeneous or heterogeneous) for various applications. To help assist future work with these compounds, this review provides a thorough review on the latest information involving some biomedical applications of NHC–metal complexes. Specifically, this article focuses on recent advances in the design, synthesis, characterization and biomedical applications (e.g., antimicrobial and anticancer activity) of various NHC–metal complexes (metal: silver, gold, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and platinum) covering work published from 2015 to 2020. It is hoped that the promising discoveries to date will help accelerate studies on the encouraging potential of NHC–metal complexes as a class of effective therapeutic agents.

scholarly journals Stimuli-Responsive Polypeptides for Biomedical Applications

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 830 ◽  
Author(s):  
DaeYong Lee ◽  
N. Rejinold ◽  
Seong Jeong ◽  
Yeu-Chun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphate ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Ph Reduction ◽  
Biomedical Fields

Stimuli-responsive polypeptides have gained attention because desirable bioactive properties can be easily imparted to them while keeping their biocompatibility and biodegradability intact. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in various stimuli-responsive polypeptides (pH, reduction, oxidation, glucose, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and enzyme) over the past five years. Various synthetic strategies exploited for advanced polypeptide-based materials are introduced, and their applicability in biomedical fields is discussed. The recent polypeptides imparted with new stimuli-responsiveness and their novel chemical and physical properties are explained in this review.

scholarly journals Recent advances of on-demand dissolution of hydrogel dressings

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Lu ◽  
Long Yuan ◽  
Xunzhou Yu ◽  
Chengzhou Wu ◽  
Danfeng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Tissue Adhesion ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Chemical Cross Linking

Abstract Wound management is a major global challenge and a big financial burden to the healthcare system due to the rapid growth of chronic diseases including the diabetes, obesity, and aging population. Modern solutions to wound management include hydrogels that dissolve on demand, and the development of such hydrogels is of keen research interest. The formation and subsequent on-demand dissolution of hydrogels is of keen interest to scientists and clinicians. These hydrogels have excellent properties such as tissue adhesion, swelling, and water absorption. In addition, these hydrogels have a distinctive capacity to form in situ and dissolve on-demand via physical or chemical reactions. Some of these hydrogels have been successfully used as a dressing to reduce bleeding in hepatic and aortal models, and the hydrogels remove easily afterwards. However, there is an extremely wide array of different ways to synthesize these hydrogels. Therefore, we summarize here the recent advances of hydrogels that dissolve on demand, covering both chemical cross-linking cases and physical cross-linking cases. We believe that continuous exploration of dissolution strategies will uncover new mechanisms of dissolution and extend the range of applications for hydrogel dressings.

Chemical Cross-linking and Mass Spectrometry for the Structural Analysis of Protein Assemblies

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio N. Calabrese ◽  
Tara L. Pukala
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Structural Biology ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Protein Assemblies ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Function ◽  
Chemical Cross Linking

Cellular functions are performed and regulated at a molecular level by the coordinated action of intricate protein assemblies, and hence the study of protein folding, structure, and interactions is vital to the appreciation and understanding of complex biological problems. In the past decade, continued development of chemical cross-linking methodologies combined with mass spectrometry has seen this approach develop to enable detailed structural information to be elucidated for protein assemblies often intractable by traditional structural biology methods. In this review article, we describe recent advances in reagent design, cross-linking protocols, mass spectrometric analysis, and incorporation of cross-linking constraints into structural models, which are contributing to overcoming the intrinsic challenges of the cross-linking method. We also highlight pioneering applications of chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry approaches to the study of structure and function of protein assemblies.

Stimuli responsive nanomaterials for controlled release applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Li ◽  
Wengang Li ◽  
Niveen M. Khashab
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Specific Time ◽  
Triggered Release ◽  
The Past ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Targeted Release

AbstractThe controlled release of therapeutics has been one of the major challenges for scientists and engineers during the past three decades. Coupled with excellent biocompatibility profiles, various nanomaterials have showed great promise for biomedical applications. Stimuli-responsive nanomaterials guarantee the controlled release of cargo to a given location, at a specific time, and with an accurate amount. In this review, we have combined the major stimuli that are currently used to achieve the ultimate goal of controlled and targeted release by “smart” nanomaterials. The most heavily explored strategies include (1) pH, (2) enzymes, (3) redox, (4) magnetic, and (5) light-triggered release.

Synthesis and some Mechanical Properties of Polysulfobetaine – Polyacrylamide Double Networks

e-Polymers ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Georgiev ◽  
Konstantina Dyankova ◽  
Elena Vassileva ◽  
Klaus Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Microphase Separation ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Dipole Interaction ◽  
Junction Point ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Double Networks ◽  
Poly Acrylamide

AbstractDouble polymer networks (DNs) with poly(N-(3-sulfopropyl)-Nmethacroyloxyethyl- N,N-dimethylammonium betaine) component as a high density cross-linking agent were synthesized by thermoinitiated cross-linking polymerization. Good mechanical properties of the produced DNs were established. These, in combination with an excellent biocompatibility of polyzwitterions, open a possibility for wide biomedical applications of these materials. It is also shown that the mechanical properties could be controlled by the factors (cross-linking agent and monomer concentrations, temperature and time for the cross-linking polymerization, order of single network formation) influencing the junction point densities of the two single networks and on the microphase separation taking place during the formation of the second single network. Specific dipole-dipole interaction between polyzwitterion monomer units as a reason for this separation is a distinct peculiarity of poly(N-(3-sulfopropyl)-N-methacroyloxyethyl-N,Ndimethylammoniumbetaine)/ poly(acrylamide) double networks in comparison to poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic-acid)/poly(acrylamide) ones.

How SIMS microscopy can be used in medicine

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1602-1603
Author(s):  
Philippe Fragu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Biological Applications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Secondary Ion ◽  
Chemical Integrity ◽  
Scientific Endeavour

The identification, localization and quantification of intracellular chemical elements is an area of scientific endeavour which has not ceased to develop over the past 30 years. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) microscopy is widely used for elemental localization problems in geochemistry, metallurgy and electronics. Although the first commercial instruments were available in 1968, biological applications have been gradual as investigators have systematically examined the potential source of artefacts inherent in the method and sought to develop strategies for the analysis of soft biological material with a lateral resolution equivalent to that of the light microscope. In 1992, the prospects offered by this technique are even more encouraging as prototypes of new ion probes appear capable of achieving the ultimate goal, namely the quantitative analysis of micron and submicron regions. The purpose of this review is to underline the requirements for biomedical applications of SIMS microscopy.Sample preparation methodology should preserve both the structural and the chemical integrity of the tissue.

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