scholarly journals Effectiveness Assessment of CAD Simulation in Complex Orthopedic Surgery Practices

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Leonardo Frizziero ◽  
Curzio Pagliari ◽  
Giampiero Donnici ◽  
Alfredo Liverani ◽  
Gian Maria Santi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Surgical Simulation ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Parametric Modeling ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cad Simulation

This experimental study defines the usage of a computer-aided surgical simulation process that is effective, safe, user-friendly, and low-cost, that achieves a detailed and realistic representation of the anatomical region of interest. The chosen tools for this purpose are state-of-the-art Computer Aided Design (CAD) software for mechanical design, and are the fundamental application dedicated to parametric modeling. These tools support different work environments, each one is for a specific type of modeling, and they allow the simulation of surgery. The result will be a faithful representation of the anatomical part both before and after the surgical procedure, screening all the intermediate phases. The doctor will assess different lines of action according to the results, then he will communicate them to the engineer who, consequently, will correct the antisymmetric issue and regenerate the model. Exact measurements of the mutual positions of the various components, skeletal and synthetic, can be achieved; all the osteosynthesis tools, necessary for the surgeon, can be included in the project according to different types of fracture to perfectly match the morphology of the bone to be treated. The method has been tested on seven clinical cases of different complexity and nature and the results of the simulations have been found to be of great effectiveness in the phase of diagnosis and of preoperative planning for the doctors and surgeons; therefore, allowing a lower risk medical operation with a better outcome. This work delivers experimental results in line with theoretical research findings in detail; moreover, full experimental and/or methodical details are provided, so that outcomes could be obtained.

scholarly journals MANUFACTURE OF A DIE PROTOTYPE FOR DIDACTIC PURPOSES IN MECHATRONIC ENGINEERING

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
ELIEL EDUARDO MONTIJO-VALENZUELA ◽  
SAUL DANIEL DURAN-JIMENEZ ◽  
LUIS ALBERTO ALTAMIRANO-RÍOS ◽  
JOSÉ ISAEL PÉREZ-GÓMEZ ◽  
OSCAR SALMÓN-AROCHI
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Die Design ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Technological Institute ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Functional Prototype ◽  
Definition Of

The objective of this research is to manufacture a prototype of a teaching die for the specialty of precision mechanical design in mechatronic engineering, in order to achieve the skills required in unit two, regarding dies. The methodology used consists of five stages: 1. Definition of the preliminary conditions. 2. Theoretical calculations for die design. 3. Design, modeling and assembly using computer-aided software (CAD) of the parts that make up the die. 4. Validation with simulation of finite element analysis (AEF). 5. Manufacture of parts and physical assembly of the die. A functional prototype was obtained with which the teacher and student can perform calculations, designs and CAD models, AEF analysis of the static and fatigue type, manufacture of rapid prototypes using 3D printing, the identification of the parts that make up a die and their functioning. The advantage of this prototype, compared to metal die-cutting machines, is its low cost of production and manufacturing, it does not require expensive and specialized machinery for manufacturing, specific designs can be made by the students and its subsequent manufacture within the laboratories of the Technological Institute of Hermosillo.

scholarly journals Computer Numerically Controlled Drawing Robot Based on Computer-Aided Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antor Mahamudul Hashan ◽  
Abdullah Haidari ◽  
Srishti Saha ◽  
Titas Paul
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Complex Circuits ◽  
Open Source Hardware ◽  
Aided Design

Due to the rapid development of technology, the use of numerically controlled machines in the industry is increasing. The main idea behind this paper is computer-aided design (CAD) based low-cost computer numerical control 2D drawing robot that can accurately draw complex circuits, diagrams, logos, etc. The system is created using open-source hardware and software, which makes it available at a low cost. The open-source LibreCAD application has been used for computer-aided design. Geometric data of a CAD model is converted to coordinate points using the python-based F-Engrave application. This system uses the Arduino UNO board as a signal generator of the universal g-code sender without compromising the performance. The proposed drawing robot is designed as a low-cost robot for educational purposes and aims to increase the student's interest in robotics and computer-aided design (CAD) skills to the next level. The drawing robot structure has been developed, and it meets the requirements of low cost with satisfactory experimental results.

scholarly journals Are Two Heads Better Than One For Computer-Aided Design?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Vrushank Phadnis ◽  
Hamza Arshad ◽  
David Wallace ◽  
Alison Olechowski
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Pair Programming ◽  
Digital Modeling ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Model Instance ◽  
Parallel Mode ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Pair Work

Abstract With the availability of cloud-based software, ubiquitous internet and advanced digital modeling capabilities, a new potential has emerged to design physical products with methods previously embraced by the software engineering community. One such example is pair programming, where two coders work together synchronously to develop one piece of code. Pair programming has been shown to lead to higher quality code and designer satisfaction. Cutting-edge collaborative Computer-aided Design (CAD) technology affords the possibility to apply synchronous collaborative access in mechanical design. We test the generalizability of findings from the pair programming literature to the same dyadic configuration of work in CAD, which we call pair CAD. We performed human subject experiments with 60 participants to test three working styles: individuals working by themselves, pairs sharing control of one model instance and input, and pairs able to edit the same model simultaneously from two inputs. We compare the working styles on speed and quality, and propose mechanisms for our observations via interpretation of patterns of communication, satisfaction, and user cursor activity. We find that on a per-person basis, individuals were faster than pairs due to coordination and overhead inefficiencies. We find that pair work, when done with a single shared input, but not in a parallel mode, leads to higher quality models. We conclude that it is not Industry 4.0 technologies alone that influence designer output; choices regarding work process have a major effect on design outcomes, and we can tailor our process to suit project requirements.

scholarly journals Mapping Damage-Affected Areas after Natural Hazard Events Using Sentinel-1 Coherence Time Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Olen ◽  
Bodo Bookhagen
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Coherence Time ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Event Distribution

The emergence of the Sentinel-1A and 1B satellites now offers freely available and widely accessible Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. Near-global coverage and rapid repeat time (6–12 days) gives Sentinel-1 data the potential to be widely used for monitoring the Earth’s surface. Subtle land-cover and land surface changes can affect the phase and amplitude of the C-band SAR signal, and thus the coherence between two images collected before and after such changes. Analysis of SAR coherence therefore serves as a rapidly deployable and powerful tool to track both seasonal changes and rapid surface disturbances following natural disasters. An advantage of using Sentinel-1 C-band radar data is the ability to easily construct time series of coherence for a region of interest at low cost. In this paper, we propose a new method for Potentially Affected Area (PAA) detection following a natural hazard event. Based on the coherence time series, the proposed method (1) determines the natural variability of coherence within each pixel in the region of interest, accounting for factors such as seasonality and the inherent noise of variable surfaces; and (2) compares pixel-by-pixel syn-event coherence to temporal coherence distributions to determine where statistically significant coherence loss has occurred. The user can determine to what degree the syn-event coherence value (e.g., 1st, 5th percentile of pre-event distribution) constitutes a PAA, and integrate pertinent regional data, such as population density, to rank and prioritise PAAs. We apply the method to two case studies, Sarpol-e, Iran following the 2017 Iran-Iraq earthquake, and a landslide-prone region of NW Argentina, to demonstrate how rapid identification and interpretation of potentially affected areas can be performed shortly following a natural hazard event.

Sensible Pathways for Sensorium-Gameness Integration and Embedment in Design Tools for Multi-Phase Iterative Creative Synthesis in Design and Engineering Processes

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Wendrich
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Design Tools ◽  
Tangible User Interfaces ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Aided Design

Current and ongoing research and experimentations in the creation, design and build of low-cost, high-value prototypes for novel and unconventional interaction devices (IxD) in combination with cyber-physical system (CPS) (i.e. hybrid design tools (HDT), blended spaces) tangible user interfaces (TUI) and use of sensor technology lead to a variety of novel interaction modalities, experiences and possibilities. In line with this research, we propose a first prototype Human Sensor Selection Tool (HSST) as a preliminary guide and guidelines for design and engineering domains. The HSST is based on and inspired by the ‘five human senses’ [1], a plethora in human body signals (e.g. proprioceptive, vestibular) and gestures (e.g. facial expression, (e-)motions) that could be integrated, translated, transformed, adapted or mimicked to enhance and enrich the interaction modalities with for example computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided technologies (CAx), and effectively affective CPS.

scholarly journals Application of LEGO Mindstorms Kits for Teaching Mechatronics Engineering

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 99-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério Sales Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Educational Experiences ◽  
Teaching Methodologies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Lego Mindstorms ◽  
Aided Design

One of the major educators’ challenges is to teach the theoretical lessons with practical examples that can be taught in the classroom or teaching laboratories. The application of these examples will face a major problem for students in engineering: the difficulty of understanding and seeing how a mechatronic device works in everyday life. This requires the use of tools that enable the construction of different low cost prototypes to assist in student learning. Another challenge to educators is the need to motivate students during the lessons and to present models that students can make and develop on their own. Within this context this paper presents a pedagogic proposition based on the use of LEGO Mindstorms kits to teach practical lab activities in a mechatronics engineering course. The objective is to develop teaching methodologies with the use of these LEGO kits in order to motivate the students and also to promote a higher interdisciplinarity, by proposing projects that unify different disciplines. Thus, the paper is divided into three parts according to the educational experiences implemented in the course of mechatronics engineering at the Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil. The first part presents the use of the kits in robotics discipline. The second part presents the use of the virtual kits in the Computer Aided Design discipline with zero-cost. The third part presents a multi-disciplinary project EDROM in mechatronics using LEGO kits.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document