scholarly journals The Evolutionary Trend and Impact of Global Plastic Waste Trade Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3662
Author(s):  
Changping Zhao ◽  
Mengru Liu ◽  
Huanzheng Du ◽  
Yu Gong

Marine plastic waste, global warming, and ozone holes have become global environmental problems that need to be resolved urgently. With the promulgation of plastic bans in many countries, the global plastic waste trade will undergo tremendous change. In order to explore the future evolutionary trend of the global plastic waste trade network, this paper focuses on the analysis of the import and export of plastic waste from major trading countries around the world. Based on the bilateral trade volume of plastic waste from 1990 to 2019, a global plastic waste trade network is constructed, and the structure and characteristics of the network are studied. The results show that the global plastic waste trade network has shifted its center of gravity, and the import center has gradually shifted from China to Southeast Asia. The global plastic waste trade network presents a sparse state. Moreover, the dependence of related countries on plastic waste trade decreases, whilst the closeness of trade links also decreases. Sudden factors such as plastic waste import bans have a disruptive impact on plastic waste management.

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongguo Wen ◽  
Yiling Xie ◽  
Muhan Chen ◽  
Christian Doh Dinga

AbstractSince the late 1990s, the trend of plastic waste shipment from developed to developing countries has been increasing. In 2017, China announced an unprecedented ban on its import of most plastic waste, resulting in a sharp decline in global plastic waste trade flow and changes in the treatment structure of countries, whose impacts on global environmental sustainability are enormous but yet unexamined. Here, through the life cycle assessment (LCA) method, we quantified the environmental impacts of changes in the flow patterns and treatment methods of 6 types of plastic waste in 18 countries subsequent to the ban. In the short term, the ban significantly improved four midpoint indicators of environmental impact, albeit contributed to global warming. An annual saving of about 2.35 billion euros of eco-cost was realized, which is equivalent to 56% of plastic waste global trade value in 2017. To achieve global environmental sustainability in the long run, countries should gradually realize the transition from export to domestic management, and from landfill to recycling, which would realize eco-costs savings of about 1.54–3.20 billion euros.


2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 11004
Author(s):  
Galina Semenova

Air pollution is an environmental problem that is familiar to residents of absolutely all corners of the earth. It is especially acutely felt by residents of cities where enterprises of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, energy, chemical, petrochemical, construction, pulp and paper industries operate. In some cities, the atmosphere is also severely poisoned by vehicles and boiler houses. These are all examples of anthropogenic air pollution. The subject of the study is the emissions of carbon dioxide into the environment. The purpose of the study is to solve the problem of environmental pollution by harmful substances and preserve the ecology in the world. Methodology. The main indicators characterizing the impact on the environment - CO2 emissions in the global energy sector - have been systematized; two indicators have been identified that determine the level of atmospheric pollution. Results - the scale of the influence of atmospheric air pollution on human health and the entire ecosystem as a whole was revealed.


Author(s):  
Peter Dauvergne

This chapter analyzes the turn within mainstream environmentalism toward business partnerships, cause marketing, professional fundraising, and the co-branding of products. The chapter further examines the role of nongovernmental organizations in setting up and running eco-labeling and eco-certification organizations. WWF, also known as the World Wildlife Fund and the World Wide Fund for Nature, is a leader in the nongovernmental embrace of business, markets, and certification as ways to conserve nature and improve environmental conditions. Certification standards, such as those of the Marine Stewardship Council and the Round Table on Responsible Soy, are creating some modest reforms to business practices. NGO-business partnerships, such as the one between WWF and Coca-Cola, are also producing some small-scale benefits. But partnering with business and relying on market solutions risks legitimizing business as usual as well as shifting responsibility for global environmental problems onto consumers, a weak global force of change compared to the forces of unsustainability.


2020 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 104591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Longfeng Zhao ◽  
Ming K Lim ◽  
Wei-Qiang Chen ◽  
John W. Sutherland

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Huda Bilal ◽  
Hasnain Raza ◽  
Haseena Bibi ◽  
Tehmina Bibi

Plastic waste has recently been identified as one of the most serious environmental issues, affecting all life forms, natural habitats, and the economy, and is one of the most serious global environmental problems, second only to climate change. Seeking alternative environmentally sustainable options, such as biodegradation instead of conventional disposal, is critical in the face of this challenge. However, there is currently a lack of information about the mechanisms and efficacy of plastic biodegradation. From this perspective, this study aims to illustrate the negative environmental impacts of the plastic waste. It also addresses the role of insects and gut microbiota in the degradation of plastics, emphasizing the important role they will play in the future.


Author(s):  
Semih Çetin ◽  
Burak Sertkaya

Kyrgyzstan has become an attractive market because the country has a central location in Central Asia and kept pace with the free market faster than other countries in the region. Since Kyrgyzstan is a member of the World Trade Organization country become more important than the other countries in the region. In this study the recent history and the development of foreign trade relation between Turkey and Kyrgyzstan and the problems encountered in this relation are considered. Despite the growing trend of bilateral trade and economic relations since the early 90s, contraction experienced in the trade volume in 1998 and 1999 depending on the Russian crisis. Since the early 2000s, again the increasing trend of economic relations was observed. In this context by examining the trade relations between the two countries, the trade relations between the two countries are discussed and problems that encountered in the development process of the relations are investigated and solutions suggested.


Author(s):  
D.A. Fomina ◽  
◽  
Yu.M. Subbotina ◽  

Currently, there is about 1 ton of garbage per person per year in the world – all this is called household municipal waste (MSW). The article presents factors that negatively affect the environment that lead to global environmental problems (underground fires, uncontrolled release of methane, thinning of the ozone layer, etc.), lists activities that are carried out to protect nature from MSW in the Russian Federation and abroad (Israel), several examples of engineering methods for solving the problem with MSW landfills are given. The problem with municipal waste is so great that there is no absolutely correct solution, at the moment, that will help the world forget about this problem forever.


Author(s):  
Anastasiia Piven ◽  
Yulia Haraborska

The object of the research is centers of palliative help. The article of research is historical development of establishments of palliative medicine. Global environmental problems of today lead to increase in the incidence of population and increase in incurable cases. The problems of terminally ill patients are been dealt with by palliative medicine, which takes care of the situation of such patients and their families. The article deals with the history of development of palliative care facilities in the world - hospices. The situation of  creation of such establishments in Ukraine is analyzed, which indicates the need to revise the state regulatory framework for design. The analysis conducted in the article indicates the inconsistency of the current norms and the absence of special normative bases for the design of hospices. Current situation does not allow for proper development of the construction of palliative care facilities. In addition, the main criteria and needs are discussed in the article: Physical comfort (achieved by creating a home atmosphere in the hospital) Psychological comfort (achieved using the principle of an individual approach to each patient, taking into account all their needs) Social comfort (achieved by designing places for communication with other patients, as well as with relatives and friends. It is important that such places possess and create a positive attitude and distract from negative thoughts) Visual comfort (achieved with the help of thoughtful landscaping and designing places for walks, squares, intimate areas for rest and relaxation, as well as for the hobbies of patients)


Author(s):  
İsmail Erkan Çelik ◽  
Öznur Akman ◽  
Ayben Ceyhan ◽  
Vedat Akman

Companies are expected to seek solutions towards global environmental problems threatening the quality of life in the world today and the society which they are a part have expectations towards it. As a result, they need to behave in a way responsible for the environment as a member of the society and give density to social activities integrating awareness to green marketing and sustainability. They need to develop community awareness both economic and social wise. In this study, along with developing social responsibility and sustainability issues and green marketing to be discussed will be presented with related example from Tchibo.


2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-317
Author(s):  
Olga Alicia Gallardo Milanés ◽  
Cristina Satiê de Olivera Pátaro ◽  
Frank Antonio Mezzomo

El artículo aborda las percepciones sobre medioambiente y desarrollo sustentable de los jóvenes universitarios de UNESPAR, Brasil y UHO, Cuba, con el objetivo de comprender sus apreciaciones, analizarlas a partir de la diversidad de criterios y juicios para valorar la contribución de los mismos a la sustentabilidad. Se aplicó el método de Indagación Apreciativa, y se efectuó un análisis comparativo entre las dos universidades. El estudio develó que los estudiantes participan poco en actividades ecológico-ambientales a pesar de reconocer la importancia del medioambiente y poseer un juicio crítico al respecto. Muestran saber los problemas ambientales globales y locales, sin embargo algunos de ellos no revelaron una clara percepción sobre la condición ecosistémica y compleja del mundo. Ante los datos analizados, se comprende la importancia de la educación ambiental ocupar un papel más protagónico en la formación universitaria. The article deals with the perceptions about the environment and sustainable development of university students from UNESPAR, Brazil and UHO, Cuba. It aims at understanding their appreciations, analyzing them based on the diversity of criteria and judgments to assess their contribution to the sustainability. The Appreciative Inquiry method was conducted, and a comparative analysis between two Universities was carried out. The study revealed that the students has few participation in ecological-environmental activities, despite recognizing the importance of the environment and having a critical judgment about that. They show to know the global environmental problems and local, however, some of them did not reveal a clear perception about the ecosystemic and complex condition of the world. In face of analyzed data, it is highlighted the relevance of environmental education in the university formation. O artigo aborda as percepções sobre meio ambiente e desenvolvimento sustentável de estudantes universitários da UNESPAR, Brasil e da UHO, Cuba, com o objetivo de compreender suas percepções, analisá-las a partir da diversidade de opiniões e julgamentos, avaliando as implicações para a sustentabilidade. Foi aplicado o método de Investigação Apreciativa, realizando-se, ainda, uma análise comparativa entre as duas universidades. O estudo revelou que os estudantes pouco participam de atividades ambientais-ecológicas, embora reconheçam a importância do meio ambiente e tenham uma apreciação crítica a este respeito. Demonstram saber dos problemas ambientais globais e locais, não obstante alguns deles não revelam uma clara percepção sobre a condição ecossistêmica e complexa do mundo. Diante dos dados analisados, compreende-se a importância de que a educação ambiental assuma um papel mais central na formação universitária.


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