scholarly journals Behind the Curtain: Workplace Incivility—Individual Actors in Cultural Settings

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1249
Author(s):  
Sanda Rašić Jelavić ◽  
Ana Aleksić ◽  
Ivana Načinović Braje
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Workplace Incivility ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Uncivil Behavior

Uncivil behavior at work can have numerous consequences for individuals and the organization. This paper examines the interplay of personality traits and organizational culture as antecedents of workplace incivility. Empirical research on a sample of 251 employees has shown that the perceptions and occurrence of workplace incivility can be significantly related to personality traits and features of organizational culture. When looking at the combined effect of personality and organizational culture, culture determines one’s perception and experience of incivility stronger than personality traits alone. The research showed that personality trait agreeableness and emphasizing values related to clan, market or adhocracy culture could reduce the odds of workplace incivility.

Different strokes for different folks

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-208
Author(s):  
Ella Wehrmeyer ◽  
Sarita Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Personality Types ◽  
Big Five Inventory ◽  
Literal Translation ◽  
Unexplored Area ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Until recently, the translator’s personality was a relatively unexplored area of research, but growing evidence points to the influence of personality on the translator’s decisions. Although findings are not always statistically significant, empirical research indicates that professional translators’ profiles differ from that of the local population, and that certain personality types are more likely to make creative translation choices. This article explores the relationship between personality traits as defined by the Big Five Inventory (Costa & McCrae 1989), and translation choices as defined by Baker (2018) and Molina & Hurtado (2002). The findings indicate that professional translators with a dominant neurotic personality trait are the most creative, whereas those with a dominant conscientious personality trait prefer literal translation choices. However, the findings also indicate that age and experience are competing variables, both indicating a preference for literal translation.

scholarly journals Organizational Culture and Personality Trait Inferences about Organizations

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Aliyu ◽  
O. D. Y. Malacky
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
The Public ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Trait Inferences ◽  
Made In ◽  
The Way

The use of personality traits to describe organization left managers and researchers with the problem of identifying its source in order to take advantages of positive ones and avoid the disadvantages of negative ones. One of the possible sources of personality inference about an organization is organizational culture. Thus, the study identifies the influence of organizational culture on personality trait inference about organizations. Data were collected from 210 staff members of SAJ Food Limited Zaria and analyzed using Multiple Regression on SPSS version 18. The result revealed that organizational culture leads to personality trait inference about an organization. It was also recommended that managers should mind the way policies are design and decision are made in their organizations because it decides the image of the organization in the eyes of the members of the public.

scholarly journals An fMRI investigation of the relations between Extraversion, internalizing psychopathology, and neural activation following reward receipt in the Human Connectome Project sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtland S. Hyatt ◽  
Emily S. Hallowell ◽  
Max M. Owens ◽  
Brandon M. Weiss ◽  
Lawrence H. Sweet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Internalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Human Connectome Project

Abstract Quantitative models of psychopathology (i.e., HiTOP) propose that personality and psychopathology are intertwined, such that the various processes that characterize personality traits may be useful in describing and predicting manifestations of psychopathology. In the current study, we used data from the Human Connectome Project (N = 1050) to investigate neural activation following receipt of a reward during an fMRI task as one shared mechanism that may be related to the personality trait Extraversion (specifically its sub-component Agentic Extraversion) and internalizing psychopathology. We also conducted exploratory analyses on the links between neural activation following reward receipt and the other Five-Factor Model personality traits, as well as separate analyses by gender. No significant relations (p < .005) were observed between any personality trait or index of psychopathology and neural activation following reward receipt, and most effect sizes were null to very small in nature (i.e., r < |.05|). We conclude by discussing the appropriate interpretation of these null findings, and provide suggestions for future research that spans psychological and neurobiological levels of analysis.

Effects of Teachers' Marital Status and Child's Family's Marital Status on Teachers' Ratings of a Child

1986 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 959-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Goldstein-Hendley ◽  
Virginia Green ◽  
James R. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Trait Rating

The purposes of this study were to assess whether knowledge of a child's family's marital status (divorced home/intact home/family status unknown) and/or teachers' marital status (single/divorced) would affect teachers' ratings of that child's personality traits and predicted behaviors. The study also sought to determine whether raters' marital status and knowledge of family background interacted with these teachers' ratings. The subjects were 27 married and 27 divorced teachers of preschool through Grade five. To test the hypotheses, two instruments were employed. The Personality Trait Rating Scale and the Predicted Behavior in School Scale were used by the teachers to rate behaviors of a 5-yr.-old child observed on a videotape. Knowledge of the child's family's marital status had no significant effect on teachers' ratings on either test. Teachers' own marital status had no significant effect on ratings, and no interaction was noted. Contrary to some earlier research, teachers were not biased in their ratings by knowledge of a child's family's marital status. Similarly, married teachers who had not experienced the divorce process themselves were no more positively or negatively biased in their ratings than were the divorced teachers.

scholarly journals Educational Attainment and Personality Are Genetically Intertwined

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1631-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Mõttus ◽  
Anu Realo ◽  
Uku Vainik ◽  
Jüri Allik ◽  
Tõnu Esko
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Polygenic Scores

Heritable variance in psychological traits may reflect genetic and biological processes that are not necessarily specific to these particular traits but pertain to a broader range of phenotypes. We tested the possibility that the personality domains of the five-factor model and their 30 facets, as rated by people themselves and their knowledgeable informants, reflect polygenic influences that have been previously associated with educational attainment. In a sample of more than 3,000 adult Estonians, education polygenic scores (EPSs), which are interpretable as estimates of molecular-genetic propensity for education, were correlated with various personality traits, particularly from the neuroticism and openness domains. The correlations of personality traits with phenotypic educational attainment closely mirrored their correlations with EPS. Moreover, EPS predicted an aggregate personality trait tailored to capture the maximum amount of variance in educational attainment almost as strongly as it predicted the attainment itself. We discuss possible interpretations and implications of these findings.

Personality traits, adjectives and gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-50
Author(s):  
Heiko Motschenbacher ◽  
Eka Roivainen
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
American English ◽  
Psychological Analysis ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Google Books ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
The Relationship

There have been linguistic studies on the gendering mechanisms of adjectives and psychological studies on the relationship between personality traits and gender, but the two fields have never entered into a dialogue on these issues. This article seeks to address this gap by presenting an interdisciplinary study that explores the gendering mechanisms associated with personality traits and personality trait-denoting adjectives. The findings of earlier work in this area and basic gendering mechanisms relevant to adjectives and personality traits are outlined. This is followed by a linguistic and a psychological analysis of the usage patterns of a set of personality trait adjectives. The linguistic section draws on corpus linguistics to explore the distribution of these adjectives with female, male and gender-neutral personal nouns in the Corpus of Contemporary American English. The psychological analysis relates the usage frequencies of personality trait adjectives with the nouns man, woman and person in the Google Books corpus to desirability ratings of the adjectives.

Personality and Ideology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Osborne ◽  
Nicole Satherley ◽  
Chris G. Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Vast Literature ◽  
Political Conservatism ◽  
The Relationship

Research since the 1990s reveals that openness to experience—a personality trait that captures interest in novelty, creativity, unconventionalism, and open-mindedness—correlates negatively with political conservatism. This chapter summarizes this vast literature by meta-analyzing 232 unique samples (N = 575,691) that examine the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and conservatism. The results reveal that the negative relationship between openness to experience and conservatism (r = −.145) is nearly twice as big as the next strongest correlation between personality and ideology (namely, conscientiousness and conservatism; r = .076). The associations between personality traits and conservatism were, however, substantively larger in Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) countries than in non-WEIRD countries. The chapter concludes by reviewing recent longitudinal work demonstrating that openness to experience and conservatism are non-causally related. Collectively, the chapter shows that openness to experience is by far the strongest (negative) correlate of conservatism but that there is little evidence that this association is causal.

scholarly journals Die meting van die gelyktydige hantering van teenstrydige en dubbelsinnige inligting as kritieke eienskap in 'n verskeidenheid van Beroepe

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. De Villiers ◽  
I. Van W Raubenheimer
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Ambiguous Information

Since very little is known about how to deal with conflicting and ambiguous information as a work attribute an attempt was made to define this particular construct and subject it to empirical research. An instrument (the in basket exercise) was developed to measure employees' efficiency in dealing with conflicting and ambiguous information. This instrument together with instruments for measuring a number of related traits were administered to 468 subjects. It was determined that the capacity to deal with conflicting and ambiguous information has a certain relationship with intelligence and sensory cognitive judgement. No relationship could be found with certain personality traits. In all probability a separate construct is indicated by this research.OpsommingMin informasie bestaan omtrent die hantering van teenstrydige en dubbelsinnige inligting as kritieke vermoë in vele werksituasies. Met hierdie ondersoek is daar gepoog om die konstruk te omlyn en aan 'n empiriese verifiering te onderwerp. ‘n Meetinstrument (posmandjie) is ontwikkel om die hantering van teenstrydige en dubbelsinnige inligting te meet en is saam met ander meetinstrumente ter omlyning van die genoemde konstruk aan twee groepe proefpersone geadministreer. Daar is vasgestel dat hierdie vermoë verband hou met intellektuele vermoëns en sensories kognitiewe oordeel en nie met sekere persoonlikheids- en ander determinante van mens like gedrag nie en dat dit na alle waarskynlikheid dui op die bestaan van 'n afsonderlike werksvermoë of konstruk.

scholarly journals Aggressive, Tense or Shy? Identifying Personality Traits from Crowd Videos

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniket Bera ◽  
Tanmay Randhavane ◽  
Dinesh Manocha
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
User Study ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
High Density ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Classification Criterion ◽  
Trait Theory

We present a real-time algorithm to automatically classify the behavior or personality of a pedestrian based on his or her movements in a crowd video. Our classification criterion is based on Personality Trait theory. We present a statistical scheme that dynamically learns the behavior of every pedestrian and computes its motion model. This model is combined with global crowd characteristics to compute the movement patterns and motion dynamics and use them for crowd prediction. Our learning scheme is general and we highlight its performance in identifying the personality of different pedestrians in low and high density crowd videos. We also evaluate the accuracy by comparing the results with a user study.

scholarly journals Big Five Personality Stability, Change, and Codevelopment across Adolescence and Early Adulthood

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Borghuis ◽  
Jaap J. A. Denissen ◽  
Daniel Leonard Oberski ◽  
Klaas Sijtsma ◽  
Wim H. J. Meeus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Emotional Stability ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Stability Change ◽  
Time Lagged

Using data from two large and overlapping cohorts of Dutch adolescents, containing up to seven waves of longitudinal data each (N = 2,230), the present study examined Big Five personality trait stability, change, and codevelopment in friendship and sibling dyads from age 12 to 22. Four findings stand out. First, the one-year rank-order stability of personality traits was already substantial at age 12, increased strongly from early through middle adolescence, and remained rather stable during late adolescence and early adulthood. Second, we found linear mean-level increases in girls’ conscientiousness, in both genders’ agreeableness, and in boys’ openness. We also found temporal dips (i.e., U-shaped mean-level change) in boys’ conscientiousness and in girls’ emotional stability and extraversion. We did not find a mean-level change in boys’ emotional stability and extraversion, and we found an increase followed by a decrease in girls’ openness. Third, adolescents showed substantial individual differences in the degree and direction of personality trait changes, especially with respect to conscientiousness, extraversion, and emotional stability. Fourth, we found no evidence for personality trait convergence, for correlated change, or for time-lagged partner effects in dyadic friendship and sibling relationships. This lack of evidence for dyadic codevelopment suggests that adolescent friends and siblings tend to change independently from each other and that their shared experiences do not have uniform influences on their personality traits.

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