scholarly journals Modeling the Modal Shift towards a More Sustainable Transport by Stated Preference in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Zaher Youssef ◽  
Habib Alshuwaikhat ◽  
Imran Reza
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
The Government ◽  
Walking Time

The need to gain a comprehensive understanding of road travelers’ choice of mode and their perceptions of using sustainable urban mobility modes have evolved to shape the form of future transport planning and policymaking. To combat the concern of growing traffic congestion in Riyadh City, the government of Saudi Arabia designed and introduced a sustainable public transport project named “Riyadh Metro”. This study explores the potential commuters’ perception towards the Metro services and the factors that limit their propensity to use Metro and understand the tradeoffs that the individuals make when they are faced with a combination of mode characteristics (e.g., travel time, price, walking time). The stated preferences experiment was conducted on a sample from the Riyadh neighborhood by structured interviews. A discrete choice model based on binary logistic regression has been developed. The coefficient of travel attribute: travel time, fuel cost, Metro fare, and walking time was found to be statistically significant with a different effect on mode choice. The elasticity of the coefficient showed that an increase in the fuel price by 10% would increase the metro ridership by 5.3% and reduce car dependency. Decreasing the walking time by 5 min to the metro station will increase the metro ridership by 22%. Furthermore, the study revealed that implementing a 1 SAR/hour parking charge will decrease car dependency by 14%. Increase Metro fare by 10% will decrease Metro ridership by 6.9%. The socioeconomic factors coefficient shows a marginal effect on the choice decision of passengers.

scholarly journals Characteristics Analysis of Freight Mode Choice Model According to the Introduction of a New Freight Transport System

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungjin Shin ◽  
Hong-Seung Roh ◽  
Sung Hur
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Freight Transport ◽  
Transport Cost ◽  
Transport Mode

The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of freight mode choices made by shippers and carriers with the introduction of a new freight transport system. We set an area in which actual freight transport takes place as the analysis scope and performed a survey of the shippers and carriers that transport containers to identify their stated preference (SP) regarding the new freight mode. The SP survey was carried out through an experimental design and this study considered the three factors of transport time, transport cost, and service level. This study compared and analyzed the models by distance using an individual behavior model. The results of estimating the model showed that the explanatory power of the model classified by distance and the individual parameters have statistical significance. The hit ratio was also high, which confirms that the model was estimated properly. In addition, the range of elasticity and the value of travel time analyzed using the model were evaluated to be appropriate compared to previous studies. The findings of the elasticity analysis show that strategies for reducing the transport cost are effective to increase the demand for the new transport mode. The value of travel time of freight transport was found to be higher than the current value generally applied in Korea. Considering that the value of travel time currently used is based on road freight transport, further research is required to apply a new value of travel time that reflects the characteristics of the new transport mode in the future.

scholarly journals Impact of Perceived Uncertainty on Public Acceptability of Congestion Charging: An Empirical Study in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yacan Wang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Luyao Xie ◽  
Huiyu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Acceptability ◽  
Revenue Allocation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Congestion Charging

Severe traffic congestion is now a common problem in major cities worldwide, causing huge economic, environmental, and social losses to overall welfare. Governments are now considering congestion charging as an effective way to manage congestion. However, since congestion charging has not yet been implemented widely, the public remains uncertain about it. Few scholars have explored public uncertainty about congestion charging. This paper examined how the public perceived uncertainty toward fairness and efficiency affects willingness to accept congestion charging. Through an experimental study of stated preference, this paper analyzes the influence of observable variables and unobserved latent variables on public acceptability and compares the results with a traditional discrete choice model. The results indicated that the public’s perceived uncertainty about congestion charging will have significant negative effect on acceptability and that the perception of fairness has an even larger effect. As for uncertainty about the effectiveness of congestion charging on alleviating congestion, the implementation efficiency of the government is the most significant. For uncertainty about fairness, whether charge collection and revenue allocation are reasonable is the most significant. These findings provide an empirical basis for reducing public uncertainty and increasing public acceptance of congestion charging.

Analysis of Travel Time Saving Benefit by Understanding Individual Needs and Value of Activity Time: Case Study of Tokyo and Jakarta

2003 ◽  
Vol 1854 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irwan Prasetyo ◽  
Daisuke Fukuda ◽  
Hirosato Yoshino ◽  
Tetsuo Yai
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Time Allocation ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Allocation Model ◽  
Preference Data

Quantification of the value of time (VOT) is important for measurement of the benefit of transportation projects in terms of travel time savings. In Japan, VOT is considered higher on weekends than on weekdays because on the weekend people have limited time to allocate to discretionary activities that are not normally done on weekdays, such as family care-related activities. In Indonesia, a culturally diverse country, providers and users seem to have different perceptions of VOT. A method of analyzing the value of activity time is presented. It argues that the benefit of travel time saving should be evaluated in more detail on weekends by considering the value of discretionary activities to explain these phenomena theoretically. Activity diary surveys were conducted in Tokyo, Japan, and Jakarta, Indonesia, to verify the influence of psychological needs on people's holiday activities. Finally, a time allocation model that uses the revealed preference data and a marginal activity choice model that uses stated preference data are proposed to calculate the value of activity time. The theories underpinning these models are Maslow's psychological needs, consumer theory in economics, and a discrete choice model. The empirical results show that an individual's priority of needs influences time allocation. In particular, the results show that in Tokyo, spending time with family on weekends is more valuable than other types of activities, while in Indonesia the value of spending time with family exceeds that of work time even on weekdays.

scholarly journals Integration of Displaced Syrians in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-110
Author(s):  
Emina Osmandzikovic
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Refugee Convention ◽  
Displaced Populations ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Personal Process ◽  
The Government

The integration of displaced populations is primarily measured in singular variables. The focus mostly is on economic self-sufficiency or citizenship acquisition. The overall underperformance of the traditional relationship between displaced populations and their host-countries has given birth to a plethora of novel approaches. The idea is to reconcile the host-countries’ geo-economic interests with the needs of the displaced populations. This is also the case in some countries that are not signatories to the 1951 Refugee Convention and the 1967 Protocol, such as Nigeria, Malaysia, and Saudi Arabia. These countries have tried to integrate displaced populations in their national agendas, albeit with little input from the beneficiaries of such programs. As a non-signatory of the 1951 Refugee Convention, Saudi Arabia developed an alternative approach to the integration of displaced Syrians. It has demonstrated a wide area of coverage and adaptability, covering legal status, education, healthcare, employment, and social integration. This article provides an analysis of the government refugee programs, juxtaposed to topic modelling of semi-structured interviews conducted with displaced Syrians (n=21) within the Kingdom. The findings illustrate that, despite the comprehensive nature of the Saudi approach, which ensures socio-economic independence for displaced Syrians, the integration process from the viewpoint of the displaced populations suggest that integration remains a highly subjective and personal process.

Identifying the preference of buyers of single-family homes in Dammam, Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-184
Author(s):  
Ameen Bin Mohanna ◽  
Ali Alqahtany
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Privacy Level

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the preferred characteristics of buyers of single-family homes in Saudi Arabia with an emphasis on the city of Dammam. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using face-to-face structured interviews conducted from November 2016 to May 2017 with 177 owners of single-family homes that were purchased between 2010 and the first quarter of 2017. Findings The findings indicate that homes can be divided into three types: villas, detached duplexes and semi-detached duplexes. Also, more than three-quarters of the respondents purchased their homes through mortgages from either lenders or the government. It seems we find that the advantages of the detached duplex, particularly its privacy level, over other types of single-family homes induce homebuyers to choose this home type. Originality/value In this study, the authors analyze housing preferences among various segments of the Saudi society, in the city of Dammam, to understand the housing supply in Saudi Arabia. Only a few studies have investigated the preferences of homebuyers in Saudi Arabia. Below the authors provide a literature review, discuss data and methods and results, as well as provide concluding remarks.

scholarly journals Empirical Modeling Analysis of Potential Commute Demand for Carsharing in Shanghai, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Duan ◽  
Xin Ye ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Ke Wang
Keyword(s):  
Travel Demand ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Empirical Modeling ◽  
Unit Price ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Potential Demand

Carsharing is an emerging commute mode in China, which may produce social and environmental benefits. This paper aims to develop a commute mode choice model to explore influential factors and quantify their impacts on the potential demand for carsharing in Shanghai. The sample data were obtained from a revealed preference (RP) and stated preference (SP) survey and integrated with level-of-service attributes from road and transit networks. The RP survey collected commuters’ trip information and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. In the SP survey, four hypothetical scenarios were designed based on carsharing’s unit price to collect commuters’ willingness to shift to carsharing. Data fusion method was applied to fuse RP and SP models. The joint model identified the target group of choosing carsharing with certain socioeconomic and demographic attributes, such as gender, age, income, household member, household vehicle ownership, and so on. It also indicates that the value of time (VOT) for carsharing is 35.56 RMB Yuan (5.08 US Dollar)/h. The elasticity and marginal effect analysis show that the direct elasticity of carsharing’s fare on its potential demand is −0.660, while the commuters, who have a more urgent plan on car purchase or are more familiar with the carsharing service, have much higher probabilities to choose carsharing as their commute modes. The developed model is expected to be applied to the urban travel demand model, providing references for the formulation of carsharing operation scheme and government policy.

scholarly journals Estimation of Travel Demand for Bangkok–Chiang Mai Hyperloop Using Traveler Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 14037
Author(s):  
Paras Agrawal ◽  
Surachet Pravinvongvuth
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Total Travel Time

Hyperloop, projected as fast and efficient, and envisaged as the future of high-speed transportation, does not have much published information about its demand estimation. This paper aims to estimate the willingness of air and car passengers to shift to hyperloop. A nested logit model was used to analyze stated preference data gathered from the air and car travelers along the Bangkok–Chiang Mai sector in Thailand. The variables contributing the most to the modal shift towards hyperloop are total travel cost, total travel time, monthly income, gender, education level, bearer of trip expenses, and number of trips in the last 6 months and duration of stay at the destination. The highest value of elasticity for hyperloop is obtained for the total travel cost followed by total travel time and monthly income. It is concluded that hyperloop will be the predominant mode of transportation between the Bangkok–Chiang Mai sectors with a modal share of almost 50% by the year 2025. Survey results also revealed that the preferences of the passengers in order of priorities for long distance travel are comfort, low travel cost, less travel time, safety, high frequency of travel mode and low CO2 emission. The main contribution of this paper is to provide an insight on factors that may contribute towards a possible shift in mode from car and air to hyperloop. The study will be beneficial to policy makers in developing a strategy for a more efficient mass transportation system using new and emerging technologies.

scholarly journals Likelihood of Motorcyclists Transferring to Safer Mode of Transport in Cairo, Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2411-2416
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Revealed Preference ◽  
Travel Cost ◽  
Mode Decision ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes

Road traffic injuries and mortality are mainly caused by motorcycle crashes. Practically, 50% of people who meet their death in road traffic accidents (RTAs) are motorcyclists. The issue is increasingly articulated in progressing nations where the use of motorcycles has gained popularity in the past decades. Moreover, death and fatalities caused by accidents involving motorcyclists are also in the rise due to the increasing trend. Hence, motorcyclists are encouraged to use alternative modes of transportation that are safer in the attempt to minimise losses. As a result, a policy ought to be created to enhance urban transportation service and control motorcycle proprietorship. The current research that lays the groundwork aims to contribute a more elaborated analysis on motorcycle user mode decision conduct as well as an excellent comprehension of the conceivable efforts that can be taken to support motorcyclists to shift to a safer mode of transportation, particularly bus. In the current research work, the binary logit mode choice model was created for two elective modes in order to distinguish the separate practices of motorcyclists and bus users and assess their reactions to a situation that can minimize both time and expenses involved in bus travel. In addition, it should be noted that this paper surveyed a total of 327 travellers from Greater Cairo Region (GCR) in Egypt, the bus users were identified through revealed preference, while the motorcyclists were identified through revealed and stated preference surveys. In this case, travel time, travel cost, age, sexual orientation, income level, trip purpose, education level, and privacy significantly influence motorcycle user mode decision conduct. The likelihood of motorcyclists to utilize the use of buses was additionally analyzed dependent on a situation of minimized bus travel time and travel cost. These elements are very important in a program that attempts to draw in motorcyclists to utilize public transport, particularly bus. The outcomes can help the process of decision making on all levels in assigning the necessary assets prudently for the advancement of urban transportation services, reduced number of road traffic crashes, and increased road safety. This examination, which is the first of its sort in Egypt, assesses the model choice behaviour for motorcyclists

scholarly journals Airline choice model for an international round-trip flight considering outbound and return flight schedules

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Munoz ◽  
Henry Laniado ◽  
Jorge Córdoba
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Mixed Logit ◽  
Choice Data ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Flight Schedules ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
International Round ◽  
The Impact

This paper quantified the impact of outbound and return flight schedule preferences on airline choice for international trips. Several studies have used airline choice data to identify preferences and trade-offs of different air carrier service attributes, such as travel time, fare and flight schedule. However, estimation of the effect return flight schedules have on airline choice for an international round-trip flight has not yet been studied in detail. Therefore, this study introduces attributes related to return flight characteristics and round-trip flight schedule interaction into the airline choice models, which have not previously been reported in the literature. We developed a stated preference survey that includes round-trip fares based on flight schedule combinations and the number of days prior to departure fares was purchased. We applied modelling techniques using a set of stated preference data. A mixed logit model was tested for the presence of heterogeneity in passengers' preferences. Our results indicated that models with attributes related to return flight and its interaction with outbound flight attributes have a superior fit compared with models only based on attributes reported in the literature review. The model found shows that airfare, travel time, arrival preference schedule in the outward journey, departure preference in the return journey and the schedule combination of round-trip flight are significantly affecting passenger choice behaviour in international round-trip flights. Sensitivity analysis of airline service characteristics and their marketing implications are conducted. The analysis reports seven policies with the greatest impact on each airline choice probabilities. It shows that by reducing travel time and airfare and by adopting an afternoon and night schedule preference for outbound and return flight, respectively, the highest probability on airline choice would be reached. This research contributes to the current literature by enhancing the understanding of how passengers choose airlines, considering both outbound and inbound journey characteristics. Thus, this study provides an analytical tool designed to provide a better understanding of international round-trip flight demand determinants and support carrier decisions.

scholarly journals Identifyingy the Utility Function of Transport Services From Stated Preferences

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamas Andrejszki ◽  
Adam Torok ◽  
Maria Csete
Keyword(s):  
Utility Function ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Choice Model ◽  
Stated Preference ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Modal Shift ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Statistical Sample ◽  
Set Up

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the modal shift of passengers by analyzing their preferences. If the preferences of passengers are known it is possible to build up mathematically their utility function. This is the statistically correct way to simulate the modal shift of the investigated area. To capture the preferences of passengers stated preference method was used in online questionnaire. Five key factors were identified (from the point of passengers): travel cost, travel time, comfort, safety and environmental efficiency. In order to decrease the number of questions three levels were predefined these three questions made the base of the choice model. Every replier got three alternatives and they were told to choose the best for themselves. From the results of the questionnaire the formulas and the parameters of the mode choice utility function was derived. With the help of statistical sample an exponential utility function showed the best matching. For the validation process a probability model was set up to be compared to the proportions of the utilities. With this utility function it is possible to handle the changes in possible future transport services. Based on the introduced statistical approach the described method can be used to identify the effect of transport modes on regional development and tourism. The revealed utility function can help to develop proper regional development plans.

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