scholarly journals Diversification of Municipalities Located in the Impact Area of National Parks in Terms of Environmental Requirements of Sustainable Tourism

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Pawłat-Zawrzykraj ◽  
Konrad Podawca
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of the paper was to show the diversification of Polish municipalities that have national parks within their boundaries in terms of implementing sustainable tourism priorities. The study focused on ecological and environmental aspects, primarily related to the shaping and maintenance of green areas, as well as waste and wastewater management. The assessment was based on statistical data taken from the Local Data Bank for the years 2012–2018. The authors determined their own set of indicators, describing green areas management, the environmental risk associated with waste and wastewater generation, and the reshaping of the forest and agricultural landscape. The obtained results were compared with the spatial diversification of the surveyed administrative units in terms of tourist attractiveness carried out by us in 2018. The study made it possible to indicate, among others, municipalities that are prime tourist destinations and have highly developed tourist facilities, but do not keep up with sustainable tourism activities. There are also units that carry out activities in the field of forest and agricultural land protection, invest in public green areas, properly manage sewage and wastewater, and, at the same time, are not attractive for tourists.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT ON THE LABOR MARKET CONDITION. THE CASE OF THE DOLNOŚLĄSKIE AND LUBUSKIE VOIVODSHIPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (50) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grzęda ◽  
Sylwester Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Market Condition ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Technological Capacity ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the development of technological capacity on the labour market in Poland, in voivodships with significantly different GDP levels: the Dolnośląskie and nearly four times smaller the Lubuskie. Data for the years 2002-2017 were obtained from the CSO Local Data Bank. The research used linear regression analysis and the OLS estimation method. The results have shown that the expenditure on R&D are not a positive factor of employment growth in both voivodships, which may be due to their low values in relation to GDP (on average around 0.5%). The number of students and universities had a positive impact on the labour market in both regions. The catch-up effect and accelerated development recorded in the second part of the examined period in the Lubuskie could have had an impact on better absorption of university graduates and registered patents by businesses and their positive impact on employment levels, in contrast to the Dolnośląskie. Improvement in the economic situation in both voivodships and in the whole country also had a positive impact on the improvement of conditions on the labour market.

scholarly journals INSTITUTION EFFICIENCY VERSUS THE LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS (A STUDY AT THE LEVEL OF POLAND’S REGIONAL DIVISION)

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
Magdalena Wojarska ◽  
Karolina Babuchowska ◽  
Wiesława Lizińska ◽  
Renata Marks-Bielska
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mixed Data ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Basic Task ◽  
The Impact

As the socio-economic reality is growing increasingly complex, the role of local governments in the management of events and processes occurring in local communities gains importance. Considering the fact that the basic task of local authorities is to stimulate the growth and development of a given local entity, an analysis was undertaken to the aim of assessing the relationship between the level of local development and the institutional efficiency of local self-governments and vice versa, in a regional approach (NUTS 2). To achieve this aim, mixed data were analysed, that is raw data (acquired via survey from 1,220 municipalities) and secondary data (from the database of the Local Data Bank). The efficiency of local governments was measured with an aggregate factor EFF, while the level of development was assessed with the DEV measure. The results indicate that the local governments did rather poorly in terms of both efficiency and development. In both cases, the mean value of the applied synthetic measures reached no more than 30% of the maximum attainable score. The basic tools in the research were correlation and regression analysis. Both procedures demonstrated the presence of a relationship between the two analysed categories (r = 0.365). Moreover, the analysis of regression showed that the impact of developmental processes on the improvement of efficiency of local governments was stronger that the influence of improved efficiency on developmental processes occurring in the analysed municipalities.

scholarly journals Financial Diversity and the Development Process: Case study of Rural Communes of Eastern Poland in 2009–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6446
Author(s):  
Paweł Dziekański ◽  
Piotr Prus
Keyword(s):  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Real Space ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Local Data ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
The Impact

In the modern state, the role and importance of communes is growing. They can carry out their tasks when equipped with stable and efficient sources of income. Financial resources are the basis for the operation and implementation of current and development tasks. Their analysis makes it possible to assess the budget structure and provides information on the state of the local economy or endogenous growth potentials. The aim of the article is to assess the diversity of the financial situation of rural communes using a synthetic measure. In addition, using the econometric models, the impact of socio-economic factors on the diversity of the measure of synthetic financial situation was examined. In order to build synthetic measures, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution method and based on distance in real space with Euclidean metrics were used. The aggregated value of the synthetic variable facilitates the comparison of objects in multidimensional spaces, but also makes it possible to order them due to the examined phenomenon. Empirical data were collected in spatial terms of 484 rural communes in the Eastern Poland region. In the case of municipalities, the choice of variables was largely determined by the availability of secondary data collected in a municipal system at the Local Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office for 2009–2018. The analysis showed that the rural communes of eastern Poland are characterized by significant disproportions in terms of financial standing. Rural communes with the best financial condition were characterized by a higher share of own revenues in total revenues, a higher level of income from local taxes and obtained from the share in the tax on natural and legal persons. It seems that the main reason for the relatively small impact of financial conditions on economic and social development is their strong dependence on transfer revenues transferred from the state budget and the amount of current expenditure. The above circumstances stiffen and stabilize the financial economy, making it relatively less susceptible to the influence of other factors. The obtained results may constitute for the local authorities an important source of information on the disproportions occurring between units on setting out potential directions for optimizing the structure of local finances.

Trade at the Polish-Ukrainian borderland—selected economic aspects

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Wosiek ◽  
Ryszard Kata
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Border Trade ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study is to characterize and assess the influence of selected economic factors on the value of purchases made by Ukrainian citizens in Poland at the border (so-called unregistered turnover on customs declarations). The ex-change rate andlabour migration as well as the impact of political disorders that occurred at the end of 2013 in Ukraine were analysed in detail. The analysis covered the period 2009—2017. Data were derived from the questionnaires of the Statistical Office in Rzeszów, Local Data Bank of Statistics Poland, State Statistics Service of Ukraine and the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy. The analysis of correlation and regression were used as the basic research tools. The results of the study show that political events affected cross-border trade indirectly through, inter alia, the exchange rate, which limited the expenses made by Ukrainian citizens in Poland. However, this impact was not strong enough to reverse the upward trend in cross-border shopping. The analyses did not provide statistically significant indications of a cause-and-effect relationship between labour migration flows of Ukrainian citizens to Poland and cross-border trade.

Studies on, the Topsoil of an Underground Coal-mining Project

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishit K. Kundu ◽  
Mrinal K. Ghose
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
The Impact

The coal-mining industry plays a vital role towards meeting the energy demands of the people of India. Whether the mining is opencast or underground, however, it affects the environment and ecology of the region. Land is a non-renewable resource and is the main component damaged by mining. In India, exploitation of minerals was carried out in early days with virtually no regard for land protection. Underground mining causes subsidence of strata, mine fires, disturbance of the water-table, topographic disorder, and damage to the land-use pattern.A fact-finding survey was made at an underground coal project of Raniganj Coalfield in Eastern India, to assess the impact of mining on the topsoil, the study area being described. Generally the soils of the local agricultural land are brownish-grey and smooth while those of the ‘danga’ lands are yellowish brown with fine rock materials, the textural quality being, respectively, sandy loam and loamy sand. Field tests such as infiltration rate and field capacity were measured at all the sampling locations, and graphical representation of the infiltration rates are given.Infiltration rates of ‘danga’ land were found to be higher than those of agricultural land, due to their generally coarser texture. Field capacity of agricultural lands were found to range from 17.94 to 21.05%, and of ‘danga’ lands from 12.86 to 14.65%. Wilting coefficients were found to range from 5.31 to 6.75% for agricultural land and from 4.70 to 5.25% for ‘danga’ land. Bulk density, soil pH, conductivity, moisture content, and fertility status of the area, were also studied and the results discussed. Soils are deficient in nutrients. Kharif crops give an average yield of 5.05 quintals (each of 100 kg) per acre (0.405 ha) and Rabi crops only 4.88 quintals per acre. Underground mining activity will create land subsidence and disturb the water-table, finally having a negative impact on the topsoil of the area.

scholarly journals Impacts of agriculture on the parasite communities of northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) in southern Quebec, Canada

Parasitology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 134 (14) ◽  
pp. 2063-2080 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. KING ◽  
J. D. McLAUGHLIN ◽  
A. D. GENDRON ◽  
B. D. PAULI ◽  
I. GIROUX ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Parasite Transmission ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Northern Leopard Frogs ◽  
The Impact

SUMMARYGiven that numerous amphibians are suffering population declines, it is becoming increasingly important to examine the relationship between disease and environmental disturbance. Indeed, while many studies relate anthropogenic activity to changes in the parasitism of snails and fishes, little is known of the impact on the parasites of amphibians, particularly from agriculture. For 2 years, the parasite communities of metamorphic northern leopard frogs from 7 agricultural wetlands were compared with those from 2 reference wetlands to study differences in parasite community diversity and abundance of various species under pristine conditions and 3 categories of disturbance: only agricultural landscape, only pesticides, and agricultural landscape with pesticides. Agricultural (and urban) area was negatively related to species richness, and associated with the near absence of adult parasites and species that infect birds or mammals. We suggest that agriculture and urbanization may hinder parasite transmission to frogs by limiting access of other vertebrate hosts of their parasites to wetlands. The only parasite found at all localities was an unidentified echinostome infecting the kidneys. This parasite dominated communities in localities surrounded by the most agricultural land, suggesting generalist parasites may persist in disrupted habitats. Community composition was associated with dissolved organic carbon and conductivity, but few links were found with pesticides. Pollution effects may be masked by a strong impact of land use on parasite transmission.

scholarly journals Użytkowanie ziemi a stabilność ekologiczna obszarów wiejskich województwa świętokrzyskiego

2018 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Ciupa ◽  
Roman Suligowski
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Local Data ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents the impact of land use on the ecological stability of rural areas in the Świętokrzyskie province. The work is based on the data published by the Local Data Bank regarding 24 types of land use. According to the methodology used for calculating the ecological stability indicator, these types were divided into two groups: agricultural (with positive and negative characteristics) and non-agricultural. Typological classification of communes was done with the use of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. Research results show that rural areas of the Świętokrzyskie province have generally low ecological stability indicator, but they are characterised by high spatial diversity. The assessment of rural communes based on the ecological stability indicator may thus be one of the elements taken into consideration while drafting various planning documents, including those related to the management built on the sustainable development principles.

scholarly journals Considering the Value of "Marginal" Agricultural Lands : Planning Analysis of Agricultural Resource Land Protection in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Land Inventory ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Impact

Agricultural land resources are an essential element required to sustain agricultural production. While the Province of Ontario has implemented policies that aim to protect these lands from other types of development, this finite resource continues to diminish as the demand for food continues to grow. At this time the Province is undertaking a review of existing policies related to matters of provincial interest, including agriculture and therefore presents an important opportunity to re-evaluate the policies, in particular as it relates to what lands qualify as prime agricultural land worthy of protection. Historical and emerging agricultural practices have demonstrated that Canada Land Inventory (CLI) Class 4 soils can be productive. The report examines the potential merit of expanding the existing defining criteria of prime agricultural land from just CLI Class 1, 2, and 3 soils to also include CLI Class 4 and attempts to demonstrate the impact this would have on agricultural land use planning in Ontario. To help demonstrate a site specific evaluation of a portion of Peterborough County has been conducted to provide a visual representation.

scholarly journals Tourism in the Carpathian region: threat to the environment and ways of sustainable development

2014 ◽  
pp. 443-451
Author(s):  
Y. Zinko ◽  
M. Malska ◽  
M. Ivanyk ◽  
S. Blagodyr
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Key Words ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Carpathian Region ◽  
The Impact

This paper contains of the question of the impact of mass forms of tourism and recreational classes on the environment Ukrainian Carpathians. Analysis of the environmental aspects of ecotourism initiatives in the region. The ways of minimizing the negative impact of tourism and recreational classes on the environment. In the context of the Protocol on Sustainable Tourism Carpathian Convention, the recommendations for national parks and rural areas of the region. Key words: Ukrainian Carpathians, tourism and leisure studies, sustainable development, ecotourism, rural tourism.

scholarly journals The Impact of Small Enterprise Activity on the Regional Development. The Case of the Podkarpackie Voivodeship

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (47) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Łukasz Grzęda ◽  
Sylwester Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Data Bank ◽  
Regional Economic Growth ◽  
Small Enterprise ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Panel Regression ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Enterprise Activity

The goal of the study is to examine the impact of small enterprise activity on the regional economic growth on the example of counties in the Podkarpackie voivodeship. The research has shown that both, the increase in the number of already operating and the number of newly registered small enterprises positively contribute to the economic development of the county measured by the total value of sales and the per capita value sales of production manufactured in a given county, as well as the number of employees employed there. The research also indicates that the volume of production of enterprises located in a given county is positively affected by the increase in realized investment outlays as well as the upward trend in GDP of a given voivodeship. The research is based on the data from the CSO Local Data Bank for the years 2005-2016. Estimation of the models was carried out using panel regression.

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