scholarly journals Economic Globalization Impacts on the Ecological Environment of Inland Developing Countries: A Case Study of Laos from the Perspective of the Land Use/Cover Change

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Lichun Sui ◽  
Xiaomei Yang ◽  
Zhihua Wang ◽  
Dazhuan Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
Topographic Analysis

Economic globalization promotes the economic development of underdeveloped regions but also influences the ecological environments of these regions, such as natural forest degradation. For inland developing regions with underdeveloped traffic routes, are the effects on the ecological environment also as obvious? To reveal the response characteristics of the ecological environment of the inland developing countries to globalization, we took Laos as an example, and used the land use/cover change data and also its exports and imports data to analyze the ecological environment change since the millennium. Land use transfer matrix analysis showed that Laos had encountered a large conversion of 14.43% natural forest to plantation forest since 2000 to 2017, and also a degradation of 5.94% natural forest to shrubland and grassland. Landscape pattern analysis showed that these changes were the main reasons of the fragmentation of ecological patches, which would lead to a reduction in biodiversity. More, topographic analysis further showed that natural forest degradation mainly took place in high-altitude and large slope areas, which could increase the potential of natural hazards such as floods. Coupling analysis with its exports and imports data indicated that economic globalization still had a significant impact on the country’s ecological environment although Laos is an inland developing country. Laos should strengthen the regulation of renewable resources such as forests and water resources, to avoid losing the renewable resources market while still enjoying the dividends of economic globalization. At the same time, it is necessary to accurately evaluate the indirect impacts of development on neighboring countries to ensure sustainable development.

The Research on Ecosystem and Agricultural Development in the Kyrgyzstan Republic

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2867-2870
Author(s):  
Hong Shen ◽  
Li Zhao Zhang ◽  
Wu Zheng Su
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
Change Tendency

The response of ecosystem to agricultural development can have good understanding of land use, the regional ecological environment change and maintaining the ecological balance, which has the vital significance to improve the utilization rate of land and agricultural development to promote the sustainable development of regional social economy. Advice and suggestions were given involving the climate change tendency in the country and problems in agricultural development. Proposals for carrying out cooperation in agriculture between the two sides were put forward.

Ecological Environment Effect Calculation of Land Use Change Based on Geography Information System

2014 ◽  
Vol 707 ◽  
pp. 228-231
Author(s):  
Zhi Bo Liu ◽  
Pei Ji Shi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Information System ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Environment Change ◽  
Environment Research ◽  
Geography Information ◽  
Effects Of Land Use

With the rapid development of social and economy, land use/cover change (LUCC) has been regard as a critical effect of global environment change. Researches on LUCC convert from single factor influence to overall research on the effects of regional ecological environment. Research Scope of study area gradually changes from the ecological fragile areas in the western to developed areas. This paper summarized the main methods of effect of land use change on the evaluate of eco-environment research. The results show that: environmental effects of land use/cover change improved in the long term; the rapid progress of remote sensing technology and geographic information system make environmental effects of land use/cover change more convenient.

Safeguards, Standards, and the Science-Policy Interfaces of REDD+: Greening Land Use Through Forest-Based Mitigation in Costa Rica?

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Wallbott ◽  
G. Kristin Rosendal
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Science Policy ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Mitigation Projects

This article looks at the evolving concept of “Green Economy” and its potential synergies and trade-offs with biodiversity governance and land use management. By analyzing the accelerating debate and institutionalization of forest-based mitigation projects that are inclined to market-based funding in developing countries through Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+), this study aims to critically engage with the promises of a Green Economy that have been purported internationally. We empirically analyze the global development of REDD+ safeguards and standards with a special focus on the role of science–policy interfaces and monitoring, reporting, and verification. These outlines are projected to the exemplary case of Costa Rica, a front-runner in developing land use approaches with a strong reputation for conservation and sustainable forestry.

scholarly journals Governing Ecosystem Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Boer
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Carbon Accounting ◽  
Climate Politics ◽  
Reform Agenda ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Managed Ecosystems

Governing carbon stored in natural and human-managed ecosystems is an emerging area in global climate politics. Many developed and developing countries are devising and implementing a range of reform programs that aim to reduce emissions and increase sequestration in the land use, land use change and forestry, and agricultural sectors. In developing countries, mitigation programs and projects on the ground have accelerated under the global program Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). The article applies a governmentality framework to analyze these policies and programs as forms of administrative, economic, and deliberative rationalities and associated technologies. What emerges in the analysis is that governing is conducted through common technologies including policy instruments and rules, stakeholder engagement processes, and the application of the same technical monitoring and carbon accounting methodologies. In the case of REDD+, there has been strong emphasis on the introduction of market and incentive approaches, but the major reforms have focused on government regulatory programs and building technical and administrative capacity. Importantly, this is allowing national and sub-national governments to extend their authority across all aspects of the reform agenda, which poses significant challenges for reducing forest loss in developing countries.

scholarly journals Gridded Assessment of Ecological Vulnerability in Loess Hilly Region of Western Henan Province, China

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-237
Author(s):  
Pei Zhao, Chi Zhang, Zhiwei Sheng, Jingyan Chu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Evaluation Index System ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
Hilly Region ◽  
Ecological Vulnerability ◽  
Loess Hilly Region

Based on meteorological, remote sensing, socio-economic data in 2000 and 2019 and PSR (Pressure-State-Response) evaluation model, an evaluation index system of ecological vulnerability in the loess hilly region of western Henan Province was constructed. Using spatial principal component analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis, the ecological vulnerability of the study area was quantitatively evaluated with 2km×2km grid as the research scale, and the driving force of ecological vulnerability was determined by principal component load matrix analysis. The results show that: (1) The ecological environment in the Loess hilly region of western Henan showed a deteriorating trend from 2000 to 2019. (2) The vulnerability degree of the ecological environment in different counties was obviously different, and the vulnerability degree in the main city and suburbs was always at an extreme vulnerable level, while other regions showed different trends. (3) From 2000 to 2019, the ecological vulnerability had significant positive correlation and aggregation characteristics. The H-H clustering areas were mainly distributed in extreme vulnerable areas, while the L-L clustering areas are mainly related to negligible and light vulnerable areas. (4) The main driving factors of ecological vulnerability in the loess hilly region of western Henan are elevation, slope, terrain relief, degree of land use, annual mean precipitation, NDVI, annual mean temperature, land use type and urbanization rate.

Sustainability of coffee land use upon conversion from natural forest in Western Ghats of South India: An evaluation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.S. Karthika ◽  
K.S. Anil Kumar ◽  
K.M. Nair ◽  
M. D’Souza Violet ◽  
J.S. Nagaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
South India ◽  
Natural Forest

scholarly journals Impacts of oak deforestation and rainfed cultivation on soil redistribution processes across hillslopes using 137Cs techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamsollah Ayoubi ◽  
Nafiseh Sadeghi ◽  
Farideh Abbaszadeh Afshar ◽  
Mohammad Reza Abdi ◽  
Mojtaba Zeraatpisheh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Rainfed Farming

Abstract Background As one of the main components of land-use change, deforestation is considered the greatest threat to global environmental diversity with possible irreversible environmental consequences. Specifically, one example could be the impacts of land-use changes from oak forests into agricultural ecosystems, which may have detrimental impacts on soil mobilization across hillslopes. However, to date, scarce studies are assessing these impacts at different slope positions and soil depths, shedding light on key geomorphological processes. Methods In this research, the Caesium-137 (137Cs) technique was applied to evaluate soil redistribution and soil erosion rates due to the effects of these above-mentioned land-use changes. To achieve this goal, we select a representative area in the Lordegan district, central Iran. 137Cs depth distribution profiles were established in four different hillslope positions after converting natural oak forests to rainfed farming. In each hillslope, soil samples from three depths (0–10, 10–20, and 20–50 cm) and in four different slope positions (summit, shoulder, backslope, and footslope) were taken in three transects of about 20 m away from each other. The activity of 137Cs was determined in all the soil samples (72 soil samples) by a gamma spectrometer. In addition, some physicochemical properties and the magnetic susceptibility (MS) of soil samples were measured. Results Erosion rates reached 51.1 t·ha− 1·yr− 1 in rainfed farming, whereas in the natural forest, the erosion rate was 9.3 t·ha− 1·yr− 1. Magnetic susceptibility was considerably lower in the cultivated land (χhf = 43.5 × 10− 8 m3·kg− 1) than in the natural forest (χhf = 55.1 × 10− 8 m3·kg− 1). The lower soil erosion rate in the natural forest land indicated significantly higher MS in all landform positions except at the summit one, compared to that in the rainfed farming land. The shoulder and summit positions were the most erodible hillslope positions in the natural forest and rainfed farming, respectively. Conclusions We concluded that land-use change and hillslope positions played a key role in eroding the surface soils in this area. Moreover, land management can influence soil erosion intensity and may both mitigate and amplify soil loss.

Prospects for Cultural Heritage Promotion Within the Creative Economy Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
Indrasen Vencatachellum
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Negative Effects

This article uses the recent concept of ‘creative economy’ to argue in favour of a dynamic and holistic approach to the promotion of the cultural heritage. This implies namely that the heritage is viewed in both its material and intangible forms and as a driver of sustainable development. After an overview of the diverse interpretations, at natioanl, regional and international levels, of the creative economy, the author illustrates how the cultural heritage can benefit from the growing importance given to unlilited, renewable resources for the development of individuals and communities, especially in the developing countries. The article contains, however, words of caution on the negative effects of the creative economy and submits that these can be overcomed by extending the sphere of the cultural heritage to all areas of developement.

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