scholarly journals The Dual Threshold Limit of Financing and Formal Credit Availability with Chinese Rural Households: An Investigation Based on a Large Scale Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Qin ◽  
Ruoen Ren ◽  
Qinghai Li
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Credit Availability ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Household Survey Data

The literature on credit availability for rural households primarily focuses on the supply side, and largely ignores the demand side. This paper divided the credit process into three stages using large-scale household survey data. It also reviewed the credit process in other developing countries. A dual sample selection model was used to deal with the dual self-selection problem, which has been neglected in previous studies. This paper found that the main obstacle that farmers faced in obtaining financing was fear of applying for credit from formal financial institutions. In addition, there were significant differences in the determinants of different stages of the credit process of rural households.

A Past to Present Journey

2015 ◽  
pp. 180-206
Author(s):  
Moyassar Al-Taie ◽  
Michael Lane ◽  
Aileen Cater-Steel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chief Information Officer ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
It Infrastructure ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Infrastructure Services ◽  
Skilled Staff

This chapter explores the role of the Chief Information Officer (CIO). A detailed review of the existing literature traces the evolution of this role and highlights its characteristics and configurations. CIO role effectiveness can be described in terms of three demand-side roles: strategist, relationship architect, integrator, and three supply-side roles: educator, information steward, and utility provider. To explore the configuration of roles of CIOs in Australia, a large-scale survey of CIOs was conducted. The Australian results, based on 174 responses, are compared with those from similar studies in USA. The top priority for the Australian CIO was information steward, ensuring organizational data quality and security and recruiting and retaining IT skilled staff. In comparison, the first priority for the USA CIOs was utility provider - building and sustaining solid, dependable, and responsive IT infrastructure services. This study's findings have implications for CIO career development and recruitment.

scholarly journals Why Do Migrants Remit? Empirical Evidence from Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
John N. Maara ◽  
Damiano K. Manda ◽  
Joy Kiiru
Keyword(s):  
Sample Selection ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Extensive And Intensive Margins ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
Internal Migrants ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Contractual Agreement

Aims: Remittances both external and internal are very important to the Kenyan economy. In view of this, this study improves the understanding of the drivers of remittances in Kenya. In addition, the study empirically tests the main theories of remittances namely altruism, self interest and implicit contractual agreement. Methodology: This paper analyzes migrant’s remittance behaviour in Kenya using household survey data from World Bank 2009 African Migration Project. Since a large share of migrants does not remit, Heckman sample selection model is suggested and estimated using Limited Information Maximum Likelihood method. Results: The results show that external migrants have a higher probability to remit and, on average send higher levels of remittances back home relative to internal migrants. Internal and external migrants with higher levels of education prior to migration and employed migrants remit more both at extensive and intensive margins. External migrants have a higher probability to remit and send larger amounts of money to higher-income households while internal migrants have a higher probability to remit and send higher levels to lower-income households. Conclusion: Therefore, the empirical results suggest that internal and external remittances are motivated by altruism and inter-temporal contractual agreement between a migrant and the household. The results also provide support for external remittances as being motivated by self-interest.

Digital financial inclusion and vulnerability to poverty: evidence from Chinese rural households

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuhua Wang ◽  
Yang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vulnerability To Poverty

PurposeDigital finance has the transformative power to realise financial inclusion. However, evidence on the relationship between digital finance and poverty reduction remains limited. This study examines the mitigating effects of digital financial inclusion (DFI) on vulnerability to poverty in rural China, explores potential mechanisms at the micro-level, and investigates the external conditions for DFI to validate these effects.Design/methodology/approachRural household data from the China Labour Force Dynamics Survey and the regional DFI index compiled by Peking University are used. The probit and mediation effect models are employed to assess the impacts of the DFI on vulnerability to poverty and explore its mechanisms, with an appropriate instrumental variable to mitigate potential endogeneity.FindingsDFI can mitigate vulnerability to poverty in Chinese rural households. Specifically, both sub-indices – coverage breadth and depth of use – have a significant effect. Further analyses based on the mediation model show that improving agricultural productivity, stimulating entrepreneurial activities and promoting non-agricultural employment are the core mechanisms for alleviating poverty vulnerability. Heterogeneity analysis shows that DFI is pro-poor and benefits those who lack economic opportunities. Moreover, adequate endowment in rural households, such as production and human capital, is an external condition for digital finance to mitigate vulnerability to poverty.Originality/valueThis study is among the first to examine the vulnerability-mitigation effects from the perspective of digital finance development, relying on data from a large-scale, nationwide household survey and the regional DFI index. It also checks for the mechanisms and heterogeneity of the effects, which prove the effects can help balance efficiency and equity.

scholarly journals International Real Estate Review

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-33
Author(s):  
Li-Min Hsueh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Selection ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
House Price ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Housing Tenure ◽  
Tenure Choice ◽  
Savings Behavior ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Housing Tenure Choice ◽  
Household Survey Data

The purpose of this research is to empirically test whether house price increases are an important factor in a household’s savings decisions and whether housing tenure choice and savings behavior are inter-correlated in Taiwan. Heckman's two-stage procedure for correcting sample selection bias is used in the estimation of savings function for homeowners and renters. Household survey data from 1985, 1989 and 1993 are used to compare households' saving behavior at different times. The empirical results show that in some cases the coefficients of the two different definitions of house price increases have opposite signs. These differences may be the result of different behavior motives. House price increases with respect to the price of the house itself seem to cause concern among households about future housing prices; hence, increase their savings ratio. House price increases with respect to income, however, seem to cause a wealth effect and then decreased savings ratio. Considering the complexity of households' reaction, the overall effect of house price changes on the aggregate savings ratio becomes impossible to determine.

scholarly journals Trends in alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Australia, 2001–2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Callinan ◽  
Jason Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Drug ◽  
Large Scale Survey

Callinan, S., & Ferris, J. (2014). Trends in alcohol consumption during pregnancy in Australia, 2001–2010. The International Journal Of Alcohol And Drug Research, 3(1), 17-24. doi:10.7895/ijadr.v3i1.108Aim: The aim of the current study is to examine, using cross-sectional data, the role of maternal age, period (year of pregnancy) and cohort (year of birth) as predictors of alcohol consumption during pregnancy over a 10-year period.Design: Four cross-sectional surveys were examined, both separately and together.Setting: Using cross-sectional data, there does appear to be a positive relationship between maternal age and alcohol consumption during pregnancy; however, within any one survey period, it is difficult to determine if these patterns are due to period or cohort effects.Participants: The National Drug Strategy Household Survey (NDSHS) is a large-scale survey administered to more than 20,000 respondents. Across four survey periods, 3,281 women reported being pregnant in the 12 months prior to the survey.Measures: The section on pregnancy and alcohol in the NDSHS 2001, 2004, 2007 and 2010.Findings: Age was a significant positive predictor of alcohol consumption during pregnancy in 2010. However, when the four data sets were combined, period appeared to be a stronger predictor, with younger groups and cohorts decreasing consumption at a faster rate over time than older groups and cohorts.Conclusions: Although age and cohort do play a role in the likelihood of alcohol consumption among Australian women during pregnancy, period is the most important predictor, indicating that alcohol consumption among pregnant women is decreasing. Furthermore, knowledge of pregnancy results in a marked decrease in consumption, suggesting a possible focus for prevention campaigns.

scholarly journals Using household survey data to identify large-scale food security patterns across Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e0208714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannike Wichern ◽  
Joost van Heerwaarden ◽  
Sytze de Bruin ◽  
Katrien Descheemaeker ◽  
Piet J. A. van Asten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Security Patterns ◽  
Household Survey Data

scholarly journals Obstetric fistula in Assam, India: a neglected cause of maternal morbidities and mortality

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Jungari ◽  
Bal Govind Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Birth Canal ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Very High

Each year between 50,000 to 100,000 women worldwide are affected by obstetric fistula, a hole in the birth canal. Obstetric fistula is one of the major cause for maternal morbidities and mortality and it has been successfully eradicated in developed nations. Women who experience obstetric fistula suffer constant incontinence, shame, and social segregation. Obstetric fistula is prevalent in African and Asian countries, including India. In India, data has been collected in a large scale survey of district level household survey regarding obstetric fistula and its causes. In this study, efforts are endeavoured to understand the prevalence and causes of obstetric fistula in Assam state, India, where prevalence of obstetric fistula is very high (4.5%). Chi-square test was applied to determine the affecting factors of obstetric fistula. Results showing the socioeconomic status, education, place of residence and age group are important determinants in variation of fistula prevalence among women.

Estimating Value of Travel Time Savings by Using Large-Scale Household Survey Data from Japan

2011 ◽  
Vol 2231 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironori Kato ◽  
Ayanori Sakashita ◽  
Takayoshi Tsuchiya ◽  
Takanori Oda ◽  
Masayoshi Tanishita
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Travel Time Savings ◽  
Time Savings ◽  
Household Survey Data

Spillover Impacts on Education from Employment Guarantees

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-62
Author(s):  
Anjali Adukia
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Rural Employment ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Employment Guarantee

Programs that provide lower-skill employment are a popular anti-poverty strategy in developing countries, with India's employment-guarantee program (MGNREGA) employing adults in 23% of Indian households. MGNREGA has reduced rural poverty, but some have raised concerns that guaranteeing lower-skill employment opportunities may discourage investment in human capital and long-run income growth. Using large-scale administrative data and household survey data, I estimate precise spillover impacts on education that reject substantive declines in children's education from the government's rollout of MGNREGA. Further, I estimate that these small negative impacts are inexpensive to counteract, particularly compared to MGNREGA expenditures on rural employment and poverty alleviation.

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