scholarly journals Neural Architecture Search for 1D CNNs—Different Approaches Tests and Measurements

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 7990
Author(s):  
João Rala Cordeiro ◽  
António Raimundo ◽  
Octavian Postolache ◽  
Pedro Sebastião
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Neural Architecture ◽  
Tests And Measurements ◽  
Search Processes ◽  
And Training

In the field of sensors, in areas such as industrial, clinical, or environment, it is common to find one dimensional (1D) formatted data (e.g., electrocardiogram, temperature, power consumption). A very promising technique for modelling this information is the use of One Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (1D CNN), which introduces a new challenge, namely how to define the best architecture for a 1D CNN. This manuscript addresses the concept of One Dimensional Neural Architecture Search (1D NAS), an approach that automates the search for the best combination of Neuronal Networks hyperparameters (model architecture), including both structural and training hyperparameters, for optimising 1D CNNs. This work includes the implementation of search processes for 1D CNN architectures based on five strategies: greedy, random, Bayesian, hyperband, and genetic approaches to perform, collect, and analyse the results obtained by each strategy scenario. For the analysis, we conducted 125 experiments, followed by a thorough evaluation from multiple perspectives, including the best-performing model in terms of accuracy, consistency, variability, total running time, and computational resource consumption. Finally, by presenting the optimised 1D CNN architecture, the results for the manuscript’s research question (a real-life clinical case) were provided.

The Cloze Technique as A Pedagogical Tool for the Training of Translators and Interpreters

Target ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Second Language Proficiency ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
And Training ◽  
Cloze Test

Abstract This article focuses on the versatility of the cloze technique, as a tool not only for measuring second-language proficiency, but also for selecting and training both translators (written cloze) and interpreters (aural cloze). When presented auditorily, the cloze test discriminates pass and fail interpreter students, given the external pacing and speed stress experienced by simultaneous interpreters in real life. The article offers several ways to administer the cloze technique as well as examples of such doctored material.

scholarly journals How Happy Are Equine Athletes? Stakeholder Perceptions of Equine Welfare Issues Associated with Equestrian Sport

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3228
Author(s):  
Tamzin Furtado ◽  
Liane Preshaw ◽  
Jo Hockenhull ◽  
Jennifer Wathan ◽  
Janet Douglas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Stakeholder Perceptions ◽  
General Management ◽  
Equestrian Sport ◽  
Group Sessions ◽  
Equine Welfare ◽  
And Training

The international governing body for equestrian sports, the Fédération Equestre Internationale (FEI), states that the welfare of the horse must be paramount and never subordinated to competitive or commercial influences. However, there is growing unease about welfare issues from both within and outside the sport. The aim of this study was to understand stakeholder perceptions of current welfare issues within equestrian sport, determine whether there is scope for change, and explore attitudes towards welfare assessment. Participants (n = 48) from equestrian sport (n = 38) and animal welfare research (n = 10) attended a workshop that included welfare-related presentations and focus group sessions. The focus group sessions were recorded, anonymised and analysed using thematic analysis. Conflict between the demands of competition and the needs of the horse was identified as a key welfare challenge. Although the physical health of equine athletes is closely monitored, horses’ psychological needs are sometimes overlooked. Participants recognised that improving competition practices may not be as impactful as improving the general management and training of horses. The term “quality of life” was considered preferable to “welfare”, which had negative connotations. Participants appreciated the idea of incorporating formal welfare assessments into their training and competition plans but stated that existing tools are rarely used and are not deemed feasible for real-life conditions.

scholarly journals Paediatric Hypophosphatasia in Real-Life Clinical Practise.

Doctor Ru ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
A.V. Vitebskaya ◽  
◽  
Chernova E.V. Chernova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Compound Heterozygous Mutation ◽  
Heterozygous Mutation ◽  
Compound Heterozygous ◽  
Milk Teeth ◽  
Motor Retardation ◽  
Gait Disturbances

Objective of the Paper: to describe a clinical case of paediatric hypophosphatasia (HPP) and identify clinical signs, most characteristic of the paediatric HPP form. Key Points. HPP is an congenital rickets-like disease caused by reduced activity of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (ALP). According to the time of manifestation, there are perinatal, infant, paediatric, and adult HPPs. The article describes a clinical case of paediatric HPP in a 3.5-year old boy. HPP was diagnosed due to reduced ALP and characteristic X-ray findings. The diagnosis was confirmed with DNA testing: compound heterozygous mutation in с.571 G>A/с.144_148dup of ALPL was found. Conclusion. Typical findings in paediatric HPP are growth retardation and muscular hypotonia, motor retardation; gait disturbances, myalgia, marked fatigue causing limited period of walking; rachitic deformations, premature loss of milk teeth with unchanged roots, respiratory disturbances, and frequent bronchopulmonary disorders. Keywords: hypophosphatasia, children, alkaline phosphatase.

scholarly journals Trauma responsive care model: An Aotearoa New Zealand research informed practice model for residential group homes

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Greer
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Residential Care ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Group Homes ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Care Model ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand

INTRODUCTION: This article presents a research-informed model of trauma responsive care for use in residential care practice social work settings with children and young people in Aotearoa New Zealand. The model was developed from a qualitative project which sought to address the research question “Does the quality of relationships with staff members have a positive impact on outcomes for children who reside in group home settings?”METHODS: Using semi-structured, in-depth interviews, eight children were interviewed regarding their experience of relationships while living within supervised group homes (SGHs). In order to gain multiple perspectives on this topic, six biological parents and two legal guardians of children were interviewed and focus group discussions were held with staff members from three SGHs. Thematic analysis was used to identify key themes identified from the findings.FINDINGS: Five dominant themes were identified from the children’s and parent’s interviews. The central theme was the importance of relationships; that relationship is the key when working with children who have experienced trauma. Children who have experienced trauma need to feel safe in the context of relationships and benefit from bottom-up interventions in order to heal from their traumatic experiences.CONCLUSION: A research-informed model of trauma responsive care was constructed from study findings informed by two principal bodies of knowledge: (1) attachment theory; and (2) neuroscience. The resultant trauma responsive care model provides a framework of strategies for anyone working with children in residential care settings who have experienced trauma and/ or attachment difficulties.

scholarly journals Exploring the Effects of Adult and Community Education and Training on Economic Development of Women, in South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampson Tawiah
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Community Education ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Educationally Disadvantaged ◽  
And Training

In South Africa, Adult and Community Education and Training (ACET) is established to cater for the educationally disadvantaged individuals, especially rural women, hence, ACET programmes are running in the country nationally. One of the aims of ACET is to open economic opportunities for women; however, the majority of rural women are still performing poorly economically. This empirical study aimed to explore the effect of ACET on the economic development of women in the Lusikisiki district of South Africa. A qualitative approach in the form of a case study design was used for the study to help the researcher relate to the real life circumstances of the women. Purposive sampling was used to select 35 participants from a population of 115. The participants were selected because they had wealth of information and could explain better the phenomenon under study. Data collection instruments used were face to face individual interviews which were audio recorded with the consent of participants. The major findings of the investigation include the following: inadequate learning resources available to women; inadequate skills development programmes provided and skeptical perception of the economic benefit of ACET to women. The study suggested that the programmes of ACET should be restructured and skills driven to meet the needs of women, especially in rural communities.

scholarly journals A many-body dissipative particle dynamics with energy conservation study of droplets icing on microstructure surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenyang Wang ◽  
Xiao Wu ◽  
Pengfei Hao ◽  
Feng He ◽  
Xiwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Dissipative Particle Dynamics ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Change Model ◽  
Droplet Volume ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Cold Surface ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Large Factor

AbstractDroplets icing has important applications in real life. The icing process of droplets on microstructure is explored based on the MDPDE method in this study. Firstly, the correctness of the heat transfer model was verified by one-dimensional heat conduction simulation, and then the feasibility of the phase change model was verified by investigating the icing process of droplets. The influence of cold surface temperature, droplet volume and contact angle on freezing time of droplets was discussed, and it was found that the temperature of cold surfaces had a greater effect on freezing. We finally explored the influence of different microstructure surfaces on the icing of droplets, and results showed that the presence of microstructures greatly enhanced the anti-icing effect of the surface. In our research, the contact angle is a relatively large factor affecting the icing of droplets. In addition, it was discovered that the droplet had the strongest ability to delay freezing on the surface of triangle microstructures with a contact angle of 157.1°.

The Recovery Movement and Its Implications for Transforming Clinical and Rehabilitative Practice

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Davidson ◽  
Michael Rowe ◽  
Janis Tondora ◽  
Maria J. O'Connell ◽  
Martha Staeheli Lawless
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systems Of Care ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Rehabilitation Act Of 1973 ◽  
Recovery Movement ◽  
Health Concepts ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Current Systems ◽  
And Training

We begin with a snapshot of the world we hope to leave behind. While it may not be necessary to reiterate the reasons why transformation is needed for most readers—who, as we noted in the Introduction, may be only too familiar with the challenges presented by our current systems of care—we think it useful nonetheless to establish a point of departure. We also strive throughout this volume to make our ideas concrete through the use of stories derived from our own experiences, putting a human face on what might frequently appear to be abstract or idealistic concepts. In our experience, and in our previous publications (e.g., Davidson, Stayner, et al., 2001), there has been very little about mental health concepts of recovery that are either abstract or idealistic. In fact, we have consistently stressed the everyday nature of recovery (Borg & Davidson, 2007), fi nding it embodied and exemplifi ed in such mundane activities as washing one’s own dishes, playing with a child, or walking a dog. We strive to continue this concrete focus in what follows, alternating our exposition of principles and practices with descriptions of real-life examples from our practice. This not only is our own preference in teaching and training but was strongly encouraged by the reviewers of an earlier draft of this book. We are happy to oblige. Passage of legislation such as the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 held great promise for individuals with disabilities, especially in relation to their opportunity to participate fully in all aspects of community life. Unfortunately, it is now widely recognized that the implementation of these acts for persons with serious mental illness lags far behind parallel efforts in the broader disability community, with expectations for expanded access and opportunity largely still to be realized (Chirikos, 1999; Fabian, 1999; Hernandez, 2000; Wylonis, 1999). In response to this national tragedy, several recent calls have been made for radical reforms to the mental health system. The Surgeon General’s Report on Mental Health, for example, called for mental health services to be “consumer oriented and focused on promoting recovery” (DHHS, 1999, p. 455).

Game Design as Part of Disciplinary Curriculum on Pedagogy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Guaracy Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Abstract Model ◽  
Digital Game ◽  
Graduate Courses ◽  
Interdisciplinary Project ◽  
And Training

Guided by the principles of digital game design, the author proposes a reformulation of the pedagogical objectives and focuses of the pedagogical graduate courses, especially in relation to internship and training stages, in a problem-solving model based on digital games intending to shift the formation of future teachers from an abstract model to a real-life-based problem, thus proposing guidelines for an interdisciplinary project. The chapter summaries this proposal enlisting the necessary structural changes needed to achieve this goal to guide those wishing to adjust their pedagogical projects in a way to insert the digital games as educational devices in their courses without having to remodel the entire existing course. An introduction to the problem is made, its theorical background presented, followed by a contextualization of the Brazilian educational area with the proposition delineated and a conclusion.

A Least-Loss Algorithm for a Bi-Objective One-Dimensional Cutting-Stock Problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham K. Alfares ◽  
Omar G. Alsawafy
Keyword(s):  
Real Life ◽  
Cutting Stock Problem ◽  
Cutting Stock ◽  
Benchmark Problems ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Small Item ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Trim Loss ◽  
Industrial Problem

This article presents a new model and an efficient solution algorithm for a bi-objective one-dimensional cutting-stock problem. In the cutting-stock—or trim-loss—problem, customer orders of different smaller item sizes are satisfied by cutting a number of larger standard-size objects. After cutting larger objects to satisfy orders for smaller items, the remaining parts are considered as useless or wasted material, which is called “trim-loss.” The two objectives of the proposed model, in the order of priority, are to minimize the total trim loss, and the number of partially cut large objects. To produce near-optimum solutions, a two-stage least-loss algorithm (LLA) is used to determine the combinations of small item sizes that minimize the trim loss quantity. Solving a real-life industrial problem as well as several benchmark problems from the literature, the algorithm demonstrated considerable effectiveness in terms of both objectives, in addition to high computational efficiency.

scholarly journals A Graph-Based Author Name Disambiguation Method and Analysis via Information Theory

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Yingying Ma ◽  
Youlong Wu ◽  
Chengqiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Information Integration ◽  
Web Search ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Representation Learning ◽  
Document Retrieval ◽  
Name Disambiguation ◽  
Author Name Disambiguation ◽  
And Training

Name ambiguity, due to the fact that many people share an identical name, often deteriorates the performance of information integration, document retrieval and web search. In academic data analysis, author name ambiguity usually decreases the analysis performance. To solve this problem, an author name disambiguation task is designed to divide documents related to an author name reference into several parts and each part is associated with a real-life person. Existing methods usually use either attributes of documents or relationships between documents and co-authors. However, methods of feature extraction using attributes cause inflexibility of models while solutions based on relationship graph network ignore the information contained in the features. In this paper, we propose a novel name disambiguation model based on representation learning which incorporates attributes and relationships. Experiments on a public real dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of our model and experimental results demonstrate that our solution is superior to several state-of-the-art graph-based methods. We also increase the interpretability of our method through information theory and show that the analysis could be helpful for model selection and training progress.

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