scholarly journals eWoT: A Semantic Interoperability Approach for Heterogeneous IoT Ecosystems Based on the Web of Things

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 822
Author(s):  
Andrea Cimmino ◽  
María Poveda-Villalón ◽  
Raúl García-Castro 
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Sparql Query ◽  
Web Of Things ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Constant Growth ◽  
The Web

With the constant growth of Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems, allowing them to interact transparently has become a major issue for both the research and the software development communities. In this paper we propose a novel approach that builds semantically interoperable ecosystems of IoT devices. The approach provides a SPARQL query-based mechanism to transparently discover and access IoT devices that publish heterogeneous data. The approach was evaluated in order to prove that it provides complete and correct answers without affecting the response time and that it scales linearly in large ecosystems.

scholarly journals Web of Things Platforms for Distance Learning Scenarios in Computer Science Disciplines: A Practical Approach

Technologies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Llanos Tobarra ◽  
Antonio Robles-Gómez ◽  
Rafael Pastor ◽  
Roberto Hernández ◽  
Jesús Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Web Of Things ◽  
Virtual Laboratories ◽  
Learning Scenarios ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Web

Problem-based learning is a widely used learning methodology in the field of technological disciplines, especially in distance education environments. In these environments, the most used tools, which provide learning scenarios, are remote and virtual laboratories. Internet of Things (IoT) devices can be used as remote or virtual laboratories. In addition to this, they can be organized/orchestrated to build remote maker spaces through the web. These types of spaces are called the Web of Things (WoT). This paper proposes the use of these types of spaces and their integration as practical activities into the curricula of technological subjects. This approach will allow us to achieve two fundamental objectives: (1) To improve the academic results (grades) of students; and (2) to increase engagement and interest of students in the studied technologies, including IoT devices. These platforms are modeled using archetypes based on different typologies and usage scenarios. In particular, these usage scenarios will implement a learning strategy for each problem to be solved. The current work shows the evolution of these archetypes and their application in the teaching of disciplines/subjects defined in computer science, such as distributed computing and cybersecurity.

scholarly journals Assembling the Web of Things and Microservices for the Management of Cyber-Physical Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 734-754
Author(s):  
Manel Mena ◽  
Javier Criado ◽  
Luis Iribarne ◽  
Antonio Corral
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Cyber Physical Systems ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
Web Of Things ◽  
Digital Twins ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Web

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and Internet of Things (IoT) devices are handled by numerous different protocols. The management and connection to those devices tend to create usability and integrability issues. This brings about the need for a solution capable of facilitating the communication between different platforms and devices. The Web of Things (WoT) describes interfaces and interaction patterns among things, thereby abstracting itself from the underlying protocols used to manage those things and their implementation strategies. This paper describes the concept of Digital Dice, an abstraction of IoT devices and CPS capable of leveraging the advantages of microservices architectures and inspired by the concept of Digital Twins. A Digital Dice is a servient system of the WoT domain that represents a device by the features of the device, hence different WoT description models result in different microservices related to the particular thing. The paper explores the definition of Digital Dices and the conversion between WoT Thing Description Models and Digital Dices and the architecture that sustains the system.

scholarly journals Design a blockchain-based middleware layer in the Internet of Things Architecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Generation Computing ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Internet Of Things

In next-generation computing, the role of cloud, internet and smart devices will be capacious. Nowadays we all are familiar with the word smart. This word is used a number of times in our daily life. The Internet of Things (IoT) will produce remarkable different kinds of information from different resources. It can store big data in the cloud. The fog computing acts as an interface between cloud and IoT. The extension of fog in this framework works on physical things under IoT. The IoT devices are called fog nodes, they can have accessed anywhere within the range of the network. The blockchain is a novel approach to record the transactions in a sequence securely. Developing a new blockchains based middleware framework in the architecture of the Internet of Things is one of the critical issues of wireless networking where resolving such an issue would result in constant growth in the use and popularity of IoT. The proposed research creates a framework for providing the middleware framework in the internet of smart devices network for the internet of things using blockchains technology. Our main contribution links a new study that integrates blockchains to the Internet of things and provides communication security to the internet of smart devices.

scholarly journals Towards the Internet of Agents: An Analysis of the Internet of Things from the Intelligence and Autonomy Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Antonio Pico Valencia ◽  
Juan A. Holgado-Terriza ◽  
Deiver Herrera-Sánchez ◽  
José Luis Sampietro
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Iot Platforms ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Smart Industry ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Internet Of Agents

Recently, the scientific community has demonstrated a special interest in the process related to the integration of the agent-oriented technology with Internet of Things (IoT) platforms. Then, it arises a novel approach named Internet of Agents (IoA) as an alternative to add an intelligence and autonomy component for IoT devices and networks. This paper presents an analysis of the main benefits derived from the use of the IoA approach, based on a practical point of view regarding the necessities that humans demand in their daily life and work, which can be solved by IoT networks modeled as IoA infrastructures. It has been presented 24 study cases of the IoA approach at different domains ––smart industry, smart city and smart health wellbeing–– in order to define the scope of these proposals in terms of intelligence and autonomy in contrast to their corresponding generic IoT applications.

An Introduction to IWoT

2021 ◽  
pp. 1877-1914
Author(s):  
Ángel Retamar ◽  
Daniel Ibaseta ◽  
Andrés G. Mangas ◽  
Iván Gallego ◽  
Irene Alonso Canella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Systems Architecture ◽  
Web Of Things ◽  
Device Discovery ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Cross Platform ◽  
Lifecycle Management ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
The Web

The major drawback of the industrial internet of things is the lack of interoperability across the plethora of IoT platforms. Cross-platform services often require the development of complex software components for protocol translation, device discovery, and thing lifecycle management. As a result, these systems are too expensive and hard to develop. The W3C Consortium launched the Web of Things Working Group to develop the standards for open interoperability in the internet of things. This chapter presents the web of things specifications for systems architecture and communication protocols and how they can be applied in industrial domains, building the industrial web of things. Finally, this chapter shows that this industrial web of things is built upon a network of systems and devices linked with universal open standards such as enterprise systems, which are nowadays communicated through the conventional “web of pages,” as a key player in the Industry 4.0 revolution.

An Introduction to IWoT

2018 ◽  
pp. 113-158
Author(s):  
Ángel Retamar ◽  
Daniel Ibaseta ◽  
Andrés G. Mangas ◽  
Iván Gallego ◽  
Irene Alonso Canella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Systems Architecture ◽  
Web Of Things ◽  
Device Discovery ◽  
Industrial Internet ◽  
Cross Platform ◽  
Lifecycle Management ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
The Web

The major drawback of the industrial internet of things is the lack of interoperability across the plethora of IoT platforms. Cross-platform services often require the development of complex software components for protocol translation, device discovery, and thing lifecycle management. As a result, these systems are too expensive and hard to develop. The W3C Consortium launched the Web of Things Working Group to develop the standards for open interoperability in the internet of things. This chapter presents the web of things specifications for systems architecture and communication protocols and how they can be applied in industrial domains, building the industrial web of things. Finally, this chapter shows that this industrial web of things is built upon a network of systems and devices linked with universal open standards such as enterprise systems, which are nowadays communicated through the conventional “web of pages,” as a key player in the Industry 4.0 revolution.

scholarly journals Discovering Vulnerabilities in COTS IoT Devices through Blackbox Fuzzing Web Management Interface

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wang ◽  
Xiaosong Zhang ◽  
Ting Chen ◽  
Jingwei Li
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Brute Force ◽  
Web Interface ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Initial Seed ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Web Management ◽  
The Web

A novel approach for discovering vulnerability in commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) IoT devices is proposed in this paper, which will revolutionize the area. Unlike previous work, the web management interface in IoT was used to detect vulnerabilities by leveraging fuzzing technology. To validate and evaluate this scheme, a tool named WMIFuzzer was designed and implemented. There were also two challenges: (1) due to the diversity of web interface implementations, there were no existing seed messages for fuzzing this interface and it was inefficient while taking random messages to launch the fuzzing and (2) because of the highly structured seed message, fuzzing with byte-level mutation could conduce to be rejected by the device at an early stage. To address these challenges, a brute-force UI automation was designed to drive the web interface to generate initial seed messages automatically, as well as a weighted message parse tree (WMPT) was proposed to guide the mutation to generate mostly structure-valid messages. The extensive experimental results show that WMIFuzzer could achieve expected result while 10 vulnerabilities including 6 zero-days in 7 COTS IoT devices were discovered.

scholarly journals Ontology-Defined Middleware for Internet of Things Architectures

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Caballero ◽  
Sergi Valbuena ◽  
David Vernet ◽  
Agustín Zaballos
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Semantic Web Technologies ◽  
Web Of Things ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Massive Number ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Exchange Data ◽  
The Web

The Internet of Things scenario is composed of an amalgamation of physical devices. Those physical devices are heterogeneous in their nature both in terms of communication protocols and in data exchange formats. The Web of Things emerged as a homogenization layer that uses well-established web technologies and semantic web technologies to exchange data. Therefore, the Web of Things enables such physical devices to the web, they become Web Things. Given such a massive number of services and processes that the Internet of Things/Web of Things enables, it has become almost mandatory to describe their properties and characteristics. Several web ontologies and description frameworks are devoted to that purpose. Ontologies such as SOSA/SSN or OWL-S describe the Web Things and their procedures to sense or actuate. For example, OWL-S complements SOSA/SSN in describing the procedures used for sensing/actuating. It is, however, not its scope to be specific enough to enable a computer program to interpret and execute the defined flow of control. In this work, it is our goal to investigate how we can model those procedures using web ontologies in a manner that allows us to directly deploy the procedure implementation. A prototype implementation of the results of our research is implemented along with an analysis of several use cases to show the generality of our proposal.

Scalable Estimator for Multi-task Gaussian Graphical Models Based in an IoT Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Beilun Wang ◽  
Jiaqi Zhang ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Sen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Models ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Graphical Model ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Joint Estimation ◽  
Gaussian Graphical Models ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
Iot Devices

Recently, the Internet of Things (IoT) receives significant interest due to its rapid development. But IoT applications still face two challenges: heterogeneity and large scale of IoT data. Therefore, how to efficiently integrate and process these complicated data becomes an essential problem. In this article, we focus on the problem that analyzing variable dependencies of data collected from different edge devices in the IoT network. Because data from different devices are heterogeneous and the variable dependencies can be characterized into a graphical model, we can focus on the problem that jointly estimating multiple, high-dimensional, and sparse Gaussian Graphical Models for many related tasks (edge devices). This is an important goal in many fields. Many IoT networks have collected massive multi-task data and require the analysis of heterogeneous data in many scenarios. Past works on the joint estimation are non-distributed and involve computationally expensive and complex non-smooth optimizations. To address these problems, we propose a novel approach: Multi-FST. Multi-FST can be efficiently implemented on a cloud-server-based IoT network. The cloud server has a low computational load and IoT devices use asynchronous communication with the server, leading to efficiency. Multi-FST shows significant improvement, over baselines, when tested on various datasets.

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