Scale Factor Calibration for a Rotating Accelerometer Gravity Gradiometer

Zhongguang Deng; Chenyuan Hu; Xiangqing Huang; Wenjie Wu; Fangjing Hu; Huafeng Liu; Liangcheng Tu

doi:10.3390/s18124386

Scale Factor Calibration for a Rotating Accelerometer Gravity Gradiometer

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s18124386 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (12) ◽

pp. 4386

Author(s):

Zhongguang Deng ◽

Chenyuan Hu ◽

Xiangqing Huang ◽

Wenjie Wu ◽

Fangjing Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Tests ◽

Scale Factor ◽

Gravity Gradient ◽

Gravity Gradiometer ◽

Calibration System ◽

Theoretical Simulation ◽

Error Analyses ◽

Good Consistency ◽

Resource Exploration ◽

Simulation Error

Rotating Accelerometer Gravity Gradiometers (RAGGs) play a significant role in applications such as resource exploration and gravity aided navigation. Scale factor calibration is an essential procedure for RAGG instruments before being used. In this paper, we propose a calibration system for a gravity gradiometer to obtain the scale factor effectively, even when there are mass disturbance surroundings. In this system, four metal spring-based accelerometers with a good consistency are orthogonally assembled onto a rotary table to measure the spatial variation of the gravity gradient. By changing the approaching pattern of the reference gravity gradient excitation object, the calibration results are generated. Experimental results show that the proposed method can efficiently and repetitively detect a gravity gradient excitation mass weighing 260 kg within a range of 1.6 m and the scale factor of RAGG can be obtained as (5.4 ± 0.2) E/μV, which is consistent with the theoretical simulation. Error analyses reveal that the performance of the proposed calibration scheme is mainly limited by positioning error of the excitation and can be improved by applying higher accuracy position rails. Furthermore, the RAGG is expected to perform more efficiently and reliably in field tests in the future.

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Error Analyses for a Gravity Gradiometer Mission

IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing ◽

10.1109/tgrs.1985.289445 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol GE-23 (4) ◽

pp. 527-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Werner Kahn ◽

Friedrich Von Bun

Keyword(s):

Gravity Gradiometer ◽

Error Analyses

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A review of gravity gradiometer survey system data analyses

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1443433 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 508-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Christopher Jekeli

Keyword(s):

Field Tests ◽

Historical Review ◽

Gravity Anomalies ◽

Ground Truth ◽

Airborne Gravity ◽

Gravity Gradiometer ◽

Ground Truth Data ◽

Survey System ◽

System Data ◽

Regional Gravity

The Gravity Gradiometer Survey System (GGSS) was designed to measure the local and regional gravity field from a ground or airborne moving platform. With the first and only airborne field test, the GGSS was able to recover five‐arcminute by five‐arcminute mean gravity anomalies to an accuracy of a few mGal. These results were obtained by flying the system, with an operational precision of about 10 Eötvös (ten‐second average), on a grid of orthogonal tracks spaced 5 km apart at an altitude of about 700 m above the terrain. Despite perpetual navigation problems with the Global Positioning System and several periods of excessive system noise, the results of a performance analysis on 19 out of 128 tracks demonstrated the potential accuracy and efficiency of the GGSS as an airborne gravity mapping system. The ground tests (both road and railway), suffering from undue vehicle vibrations and from a lack of ground truth data, were correspondingly less successful, but they also showed no surprises in the system corrupted by these adverse conditions. Unfortunately, the GGSS program has terminated; and it is appropriate to reflect on its accomplishments. Without going into technical details, this somewhat historical review summarizes the field tests, the data reduction algorithms, and the test results, which together portray the breadth of expertise the program engendered in the area of gravity gradiometry.

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Measurement of Degree of Compaction of Fine-Grained Soil Subgrade Using Light Dynamic Penetrometer

Advances in Civil Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/1364868 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Junhui Zhang ◽

Yongsheng Yao ◽

Jianlong Zheng ◽

Xiangqun Huang ◽

Tian Lan

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Field Tests ◽

Prediction Equation ◽

Liquid Limit ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Penetration Ratio ◽

Good Consistency ◽

Fine Grained Soil ◽

Measured Water ◽

Water Contents

To determine the degree of compaction of subgrades filled with fine-grained soil, the compaction test and light dynamic penetrometer (LDP) test were carried out for low liquid-limit clay samples with different water contents in laboratory. Then, a prediction equation of the penetration ratio (PR) defined as the depth per drop of the hammer of LDP, degree of compaction (K), and water content (ω) was built. After that, the existing fine-grained soil subgrades on LDP-based field tests were excavated. The on-site PR values, water contents, and degrees of compaction of slopes were obtained. The estimated degrees of compaction using the prediction equation were compared with measured values of the degree of compaction in field. The results show that there is good consistency between them, and an error within 3.5% was obtained. In addition, the water content should be determined firstly while using the prediction equation which is proposed in this study. Therefore, a numerical method of the water content of a subgrade was developed, and the predicted and measured water contents were compared, which shows a relatively high relativity. Then, the degree of compaction of fine-grained soil subgrades can be calculated according to the predicting equation, which involves the penetration ratio (PR) and the numerically calculated water content as input instead of the measured value in the field.

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Denoising of gravity gradient data using an equivalent source technique

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/geo2015-0379.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 81 (4) ◽

pp. G67-G79 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Cericia Martinez ◽

Yaoguo Li

Keyword(s):

Data Processing ◽

Potential Field ◽

Noise Estimation ◽

Gravity Gradient ◽

Data Sets ◽

Gravity Gradiometer ◽

Equivalent Source ◽

Processing Techniques ◽

Multicomponent Data

The inherent relationship among different components of gravity gradiometer data requires applied processing to be consistent among the components. This restricts the applicability of some traditional potential-field processing techniques, but it highlights opportunities for methods uniquely suited for such data sets. The equivalent source technique is one such method. We have applied fast equivalent source construction to two aspects of gravity gradient data processing. First, we denoised multicomponent data and obtained estimates of the incoherent errors for the observations. Second, we have proposed a method that can be used to estimate errors associated with the denoised data. Through synthetic and field examples, we have evaluated the effectiveness of equivalent source processing for denoising and noise estimation.

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Study on Misalignment Angle Compensation during Scale Factor Matching for Two Pairs of Accelerometers in a Gravity Gradient Instrument

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s18041247 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1247 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xiangqing Huang ◽

Zhongguang Deng ◽

Yafei Xie ◽

Ji Fan ◽

Chenyuan Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scale Factor ◽

Gravity Gradient ◽

Misalignment Angle ◽

Factor Matching

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Matching Method of Accelerometer Scale Factor for Gravity Gradiometer

2018 IEEE CSAA Guidance, Navigation and Control Conference (CGNCC) ◽

10.1109/gncc42960.2018.9019217 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Xuewu Qian ◽

Jianlong Qiu ◽

Zhaodong Liu ◽

Weiling Yang ◽

Yang Zheng

Keyword(s):

Scale Factor ◽

Gravity Gradiometer ◽

Matching Method

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Interpreting the direction of the gravity gradient tensor eigenvectors: Their relation to curvature parameters of the gravity field

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/geo2015-0331.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. G49-G57 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Carlos Cevallos

Keyword(s):

Equipotential Surface ◽

Vertical Axis ◽

Tidal Force ◽

Airborne Gravity ◽

Gravity Gradient ◽

Gravity Gradiometer ◽

Model Data ◽

Gradient Tensor ◽

Gravity Gradient Tensor ◽

Canning Basin

Rotating the gravity gradient tensor about a vertical axis by an appropriate angle allows one to express its components as functions of the curvatures of the equipotential surface. The description permits the identification of the gravity gradient tensor as the Newtonian tidal tensor and part of the tidal potential. The identification improves the understanding and interpretation of gravity gradient data. With the use of the plunge of the eigenvector associated with the largest eigenvalue or plunge of the main tidal force, it is possible to estimate the location and depth of buried gravity sources; this is developed in model data and applied to FALCON airborne gravity gradiometer data from the Canning Basin, Australia.

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Application of curvatures to airborne gravity gradient data in oil exploration

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/geo2012-0315.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 78 (4) ◽

pp. G81-G88 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Carlos Cevallos ◽

Peter Kovac ◽

Sharon J. Lowe

Keyword(s):

Equipotential Surface ◽

Shape Index ◽

Airborne Gravity ◽

Gravity Gradient ◽

Gravity Gradiometer ◽

Model Data ◽

Canning Basin ◽

Geologic Interpretation ◽

The Mean ◽

Differential Curvature

We apply equipotential surface curvatures to airborne gravity gradient data. The mean and differential curvature of the equipotential surface, the curvature of the gravity field line, the zero contour of the Gaussian curvature, and the shape index improve the understanding and geologic interpretation of gravity gradient data. Their use is illustrated in model data and applied to FALCON airborne gravity gradiometer data from the Canning Basin, Australia.

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The Design for Twelve-Accelerometer Gravity Gradiometer

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.419-420.221 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 419-420 ◽

pp. 221-224

Author(s):

Lin Zhao ◽

Feng Ming Liu ◽

Hai Jing Yuan ◽

Hong Bin Zhao

Keyword(s):

Angular Velocity ◽

Navigation System ◽

Inertial Navigation System ◽

Inertial Navigation ◽

Gravity Gradient ◽

Gravity Gradiometer ◽

Mathematical Relationship ◽

New Type ◽

Design And Manufacture

The design and manufacture for GGI are different and only several countries have the ability to produce it. Devising the feasible scheme for gravity gradiometer is the primary question.In this paper, a new type of GGI is designed using twelve accelerometers. First, the mathematical relationship between the accelerometer and GGI is derived and the method to separate the angular velocity and gravity gradient is disscussed. Second, the model of twelve-accelerometer gravity gradiometer is provided. Third, the estimation of angular velocity is analyzed when the GGI is installed in the form of strapdown or stabilized state. Finally, it is concluded that a new type of inertial navigation system using gravity gradiometers will be configured when it becomes possible to precisely measure gravity gradient.

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