scholarly journals FAST Pre-Filtering-Based Real Time Road Sign Detection for Low-Cost Vehicle Localization

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoungtaek Choi ◽  
Jae Kyu Suhr ◽  
Ho Gi Jung
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
The State ◽  
Vehicle Localization ◽  
Localization System ◽  
Road Sign ◽  
The Cost

In order to overcome the limitations of GNSS/INS and to keep the cost affordable for mass-produced vehicles, a precise localization system fusing the estimated vehicle positions from low-cost GNSS/INS and low-cost perception sensors is being developed. For vehicle position estimation, a perception sensor detects a road facility and uses it as a landmark. For this localization system, this paper proposes a method to detect a road sign as a landmark using a monocular camera whose cost is relatively low compared to other perception sensors. Since the inside pattern and aspect ratio of a road sign are various, the proposed method is based on the part-based approach that detects corners and combines them to detect a road sign. While the recall, precision, and processing time of the state of the art detector based on a convolutional neural network are 99.63%, 98.16%, and 4802 ms respectively, the recall, precision, and processing time of the proposed method are 97.48%, 98.78%, and 66.7 ms, respectively. The detection performance of the proposed method is as good as that of the state of the art detector and its processing time is drastically reduced to be applicable for an embedded system.

A low-cost asymmetric carbazole-based hole-transporting material for efficient perovskite solar cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueqiao Li ◽  
Na Sun ◽  
Zhanfeng Li ◽  
Jinbo Chen ◽  
Qinjun Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
The State ◽  
Hole Transporting ◽  
Hole Transporting Material

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have reached their highest efficiency with the state-of-the-art hole-transporting material (HTM) spiro-OMeTAD.

scholarly journals Solving Delete Free Planning with Relaxed Decision Diagram Based Heuristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 607-651
Author(s):  
Margarita Paz Castro ◽  
Chiara Piacentini ◽  
Andre Augusto Cire ◽  
J. Christopher Beck
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Decision Diagrams ◽  
Binary Decision ◽  
Admissible Heuristics ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Construction Algorithms ◽  
Diagram Representation

We investigate the use of relaxed decision diagrams (DDs) for computing admissible heuristics for the cost-optimal delete-free planning (DFP) problem. Our main contributions are the introduction of two novel DD encodings for a DFP task: a multivalued decision diagram that includes the sequencing aspect of the problem and a binary decision diagram representation of its sequential relaxation. We present construction algorithms for each DD that leverage these different perspectives of the DFP task and provide theoretical and empirical analyses of the associated heuristics. We further show that relaxed DDs can be used beyond heuristic computation to extract delete-free plans, find action landmarks, and identify redundant actions. Our empirical analysis shows that while DD-based heuristics trail the state of the art, even small relaxed DDs are competitive with the linear programming heuristic for the DFP task, thus, revealing novel ways of designing admissible heuristics.

Attitude and Position Estimation in UAVs using Artificial Landmarks and MEMS Sensors in a Virtual Environment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Costa Fernandes ◽  
Paulo Sergio Silva ◽  
Felipe Ieda Fazanaro ◽  
Diego Paolo Ferruzzo Correa
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
Position Estimation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Estimation Technique ◽  
Mems Sensors ◽  
Microelectromechanical System ◽  
Hybrid Estimation ◽  
The Cost

This work discusses the development of a hybrid estimation algorithm based on computer vision and microelectromechanical system sensors. A mathematical enviroment was developed to simulate the dynamics of the quadrotor and its sensors, a 3D simulation software was also developed, simulating a on-board camera. The results obtained were compared to a TRIAD/MEMS attitude and position estimation technique. A fourty times increase in precision was shown, at the cost of five times additional computational processing time.

scholarly journals Utilización de la Comunicación por Radiofrecuencia para la Detección de Vehículos en Movimiento: Revisión del Estado del Arte

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony García ◽  
Yessica Sáez ◽  
José Muñoz ◽  
Ignacio Chang ◽  
Héctor Montes Franceschi
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Point ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The State ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Visual Disabilities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Detection Of Objects ◽  
Public Transportation System

This article presents the state of the art on the use of radiofrequency communication for the detection of objects and vehicles in motion, through the interaction between transmitter and receiver devices using ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) bands. By quantifying parameters such as the absence or presence of signals and their intensity, it is possible to approximate the distance between an emitting device and a receiver, localized in the vehicle and a fixed point, respectively . The study of the methodologies used in this article aims to develop a system oriented to guide people with visual disabilities in the public transportation system, taking advantage of the main characteristics of radiofrequency communication: low cost, easy implementation and full compatibility with electronic boards built on embedded systems.Keywords: radiofrequency, ISM bands, detection of vehicles in motion, support for visual disability people, ETA

The State-of-the-Art of Gas-Liquid Compact Separator Control Technology: From Lab to Field

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoubo Wang ◽  
Luis Gomez ◽  
Ram Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham ◽  
Gene Kouba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The State ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Liquid Separator

Conventional gas-liquid separators are vessel-type with simple level, and pressure control since the residence time is large. Compact gas-liquid separators, such as Gas-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC©), have emerged recently as alternatives to reduce size and increase separation efficiency for offshore and subsea applications. As compared to the vessel-type separators, compact separators, are simple, low-cost, low-weight, require little maintenance and are easy to install and operate. However, the residence time of the GLCC is very small. Consequently, it can get upset easily due to high flow variations at the inlet, for example, slugging, without the aid of fast and accurate control systems. In the past, lack of understanding of control system dynamics and design tools have prevented this technology from fast field deployment. The objective of this study is to present a review of the compact gas-liquid separator (GLCC) control technology. This includes the development of control strategies, control system design, dynamic simulation, experimental investigation and field applications. The performance of compact gas-liquid separator (GLCC) strongly depends on the liquid level and/or separating pressure. In this investigation, several control strategies have been developed for field applications of gas-liquid compact separators. Especially, an optimal control strategy was developed for handling slug flow and optimizing the system performance in terms of reduced or eliminated liquid carry-over (LCO) or gas carry-under (GCU). The developed strategies have been used for the design of several GLCC applications, currently in operation in the field. Details of these applications are also presented. This study provides the state-of-the-art of gas-liquid compact separator control technology from the lab to field.

scholarly journals Application of Low-Cost Sensors for Building Monitoring: A Systematic Literature Review

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Behnam Mobaraki ◽  
Fidel Lozano-Galant ◽  
Rocio Porras Soriano ◽  
Francisco Javier Castilla Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Communication Protocols ◽  
The State ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Building Monitoring ◽  
Scopus Database

In recent years, many scholars have dedicated their research to the development of low-cost sensors for monitoring of various parameters. Despite their high number of applications, the state of the art related to low-cost sensors in building monitoring has not been addressed. To fill this gap, this article presents a systematic review, following well-established methodology, to analyze the state of the art in two aspects of structural and indoor parameters of buildings, in the SCOPUS database. This analysis allows to illustrate the potential uses of low-cost sensors in the building sector and addresses the scholars the preferred communication protocols and the most common microcontrollers for installation of low-cost monitoring systems. In addition, special attention is paid to describe different areas of the two mentioned fields of building monitoring and the most crucial parameters to be monitored in buildings. Finally, the deficiencies in line with limited number of studies carried out in various fields of building monitoring are overviewed and a series of parameters that ought to be studied in the future are proposed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Feasibility of Parametric Estimation in Devops Continuous Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 542-546
Author(s):  
Dr. Diwakar Ramanuj Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The State ◽  
Parametric Estimation ◽  
Effort Estimation ◽  
Continuous Testing ◽  
Exploratory Testing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Parametric Estimate

Abstract: DevOps aims to shorten project schedules, boost productivity, and manage quick development-deployment cycles without compromising business or quality. It necessitates good sprint management. Continuous Testing detects integration issues considerably earlier in the development process. It reduces the cost of defect resolution and frees up the tester's time for exploratory testing and value-added activities. Continuous testing allows for more frequent, shorter, and more efficient releases. It ties people, technology, and processes together. Continuous Planning, particularly effort estimation, is closely linked to Continuous Testing. This paper examines the state of the art in DevOps parametric estimate in continuous planning, as well as the difficulties and best practises. Keywords: Project, Testing, Continuous, Planning

The Production of Titanium Alloy Powder

2013 ◽  
Vol 551 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
J.C. Withers ◽  
V. Shapovalov ◽  
R. Storm ◽  
R.O. Loutfy
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Alloy Powder ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Metallothermic Reduction ◽  
One Step ◽  
Gas Blowing ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Very High

Titanium alloy powder provides manufacturing variants to produce a variety of titanium intermediate materials and final products. However, titanium alloy powder is quite expensive at fifteen to thirty times the cost of sponge thus limiting the utilization of titanium powder to produce titanium products. The standard state-of-the-art processing to produce alloy powder results in very high cost of alloy powder. Three new processes have been demonstrated to produce titanium alloy powder at a cost of only 2-5 times the typical cost of sponge. The processes are (1) one step melting of sponge/alloying and gas blowing alloy powder, (2) metallothermic reduction of mixed chloride precursors to produce alloy powder and (3) electrolytic reduction in a fused salt of mixed alloying (TiCl4-AlCl3-VCl4) chlorides. These processes have beeSubscript textn demonstrated to produce low cost titanium alloy powder which can serve as feeds for the variant manufacturing processes to produce low cost titanium products.

Starch-Cellulose-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator Obtained by a Low-Cost Cleanroom-Free Processing Method

MRS Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (23) ◽  
pp. 1315-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ccorahua ◽  
Alexsandra Cordero ◽  
Clemente Luyo ◽  
María Quintana ◽  
Emir Vela
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Triboelectric Nanogenerator ◽  
Micro Fabrication ◽  
Complex Equipment ◽  
First Time

To date only few low-cost bio-based materials have been reported to be useful as TENGs. However, they still keep employing costly nanofabrication techniques. Herein, a new bio-based starch-cellulose TENG is fabricated without using complex equipment for the first time. Our results showed that, depending on the film thickness, electric outputs varied from 60 mV to 300 mV per 4 cm2 area. The thicker the film, the lower the electrical outputs, and vice versa. Moreover, FTIR-ATR analysis also showed that no chemical modification was made on the surface of starch after casting. Therefore, starch remained unmodified at the time of characterization, being this performance proper of a pristine starch. In addition, though organic starch isolation, fabrication of the proposed TENG was entirely handmade, thus avoiding use of complex equipment of nano- and micro-fabrication which resulted in the development of an eco-friendly TENG with very good performance according to the state-of-the-art.

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