scholarly journals Brain Process for Perception of the “Out of the Body” Tactile Illusion for Virtual Object Interaction

Sensors ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 7913-7932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Lee ◽  
Jaedong Lee ◽  
Chi Kim ◽  
Gerard Kim ◽  
Eun-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Virtual Object ◽  
Brain Process ◽  
Object Interaction ◽  
Tactile Illusion

scholarly journals The neural correlates of the body-object interaction effect in semantic processing

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian S. Hargreaves ◽  
Gemma A. Leonard ◽  
Penny M. Pexman ◽  
Daniel J. Pittman ◽  
Paul D. Siakaluk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Object Interaction

Can the Body-Object Interaction Effect Be Observed in Tasks Requiring Verbal Responses?

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Siakaluk ◽  
Michele Wellsby ◽  
William J. Owen ◽  
Penny M. Pexman
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Verbal Responses ◽  
Object Interaction

scholarly journals Predictive Motor Learning of Temporal Delays

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 2039-2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice G. Witney ◽  
Susan J. Goodbody ◽  
Daniel M. Wolpert
Keyword(s):  
Internal Model ◽  
Grip Force ◽  
Motor Command ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Virtual Object ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Temporal Relationships ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Predictive Response

Anticipatory responses can minimize the disturbances that result from the action of one part of the body on another. Such a predictive response is evident in the anticipatory increase in grip force seen when one hand pulls on an object held in the other hand, thereby preventing the object from slipping. It is postulated that such a response depends on predicting the consequences of the descending motor command, as signaled by efference copy, using an internal model of both one's own body and the object. Here we investigate how the internal model learns the temporal consequences of the motor command. We employed two robots to simulate a virtual object held in one hand and acted on by the other. Delays were introduced between the action of one hand on the object and the effects of this action on the other hand. An initial reactive grip force response to the delayed load decayed with the development of appropriate anticipatory grip force modulation. However, no predictive modulation was seen when the object's movement was not generated by the subject, even when the motion was cued by a tone. These results suggest that, when an internal model learns new temporal relationships between actions and their consequences, this learning involves generating a novel response rather than adapting the original predictive response.

scholarly journals Electroencephalographic evidence for the involvement of mirror neuron and error monitoring related processes in virtual body ownership

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gal Raz ◽  
Guy Gurevitch ◽  
Tom Vaknin ◽  
Araz Aazamy ◽  
Iddo Gefen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Virtual Object ◽  
Body Ownership ◽  
Error Monitoring ◽  
Rehabilitation Protocols ◽  
Semantic Congruence ◽  
Virtual Body

AbstractThe illusion that an artificial or virtual object becomes part of one’s body has been demonstrated and productively investigated in the past two decades. Empirical and theoretical accounts of this phenomenon suggest that the body ownership illusion relies not on a single process, but rather on the alignment of the biological and the alternative bodies across multiple aspects. However, the portrayal of these aspects and the demarcation of their neurophysiological correlates has yet to be established.Our study examines electroencephalographic (EEG) markers of two extensively studied systems in the context of virtual body ownership illusion: the mirror neuron system (MNS) and the error monitoring system (EMS). We designed an experimental manipulation of brief involuntary virtual hand bounces, which triggers both systems, and examined how the response of EEG markers of these systems to this manipulation is modulated by three aspects of body ownership: agency, visuotactile synchronicity, and semantic congruence between the participant’s hands and its virtual representation.We found evidence for enhanced MNS-related suppression of power at the Mu band in the synchronous and semantic congruence conditions. On the other hand, the EMS-related Pe/P300 wave was reduced by semantic congruence. This Pe/P300 effect was stronger among participants who exhibited higher acceptance of the spatial illusion and increased tendency for affective empathy. Mu power and Pe/P300 were not correlated, suggesting a dissociation between the distinct aspects of body ownership they probe. The findings suggest that synchronicity and semantic congruence induce sensorimotor sensitivity to the alternative body, whereas the latter parameter also buffers minor erroneous virtual motions. These neurophysiological markers may be added to the arsenal of body ownership probes, and integrated in VR rehabilitation protocols.

scholarly journals Simulation Using Augmented Reality to Teach Body Angle Positioning for Radiography

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Shin Nagamata ◽  
Shin Nagamata ◽  
Norio Sekine
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
The Body ◽  
Virtual Object ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Learning Tool ◽  
Body Angle ◽  
Radiologic Technologists ◽  
Ongoing Work

When students learn radiographic positioning during radiography practical training in educational institutions, they adjust the angle of the body using positioning aids and angle gauges. In contrast, radiologic technologists position patients using their own hands in clinical environments. In recent years, virtual simulations have been used to help students improve their clinical skills. However, because the existing simulations use computer-generated virtual environments, students cannot actually position human bodies or anthropomorphic phantoms. Therefore, we developed a simulation using augmented reality to teach radiographic positioning. This simulation allows learners to simulate angle placement by using both hands without positioning aids and angle gauges by looking at a virtual object that demonstrates the angle. The objective of this study was to investigate whether this simulation can be applied as a learning tool for radiography practical training and to examine future development directions for this simulation. We introduced the simulation in radiography practical training. The lumbar spine oblique projection was chosen as a learning task in this study, and an anthropomorphic phantom was used for practice. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect feedback from the students at the end of the semester (n = 41). The survey results indicated that the students could practice positioning the angle of the body using only their own hands, demonstrating that the simulation could be applied as a learning tool in radiography practical training. Ongoing work will be conducted to develop a simulation in which students can practice with a human body.

Embodied Semantic Processing: The Neural Correlates of the Body-Object Interaction Effect

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny M. Pexman ◽  
Ian S. Hargreaves ◽  
Gemma A. Leonard ◽  
Paul D. Siakaluk ◽  
Bradley G. Goodyear
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
The Body ◽  
Object Interaction

scholarly journals Motor cortical dynamics are shaped by multiple distinct subspaces during naturalistic behavior

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew G. Perich ◽  
Sara Conti ◽  
Marion Badi ◽  
Andrew Bogaard ◽  
Beatrice Barra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Somatosensory Cortex ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Cortical Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cortical Dynamics ◽  
Object Interaction ◽  
Driven System ◽  
Flexible Integration ◽  
Motor Cortical

ABSTRACTBehavior relies on continuous influx of sensory information about the body and the environment. In primates, cortex integrates somatic feedback to accurately reach and manipulate objects. Yet, in many experimental regimes motor cortex seems paradoxically to operate as a feedforward, rather than feedback-driven, system. Here, we recorded simultaneously from motor and somatosensory cortex as monkeys performed a naturalistic reaching and object interaction behavior. We studied how unexpected feedback from behavioral errors influences cortical dynamics. Motor cortex generally exhibited robust feedforward dynamics, yet displayed feedback-driven dynamics surrounding correction of behavioral errors. We then decomposed motor cortical activity into orthogonal subspaces capturing communication with somatosensory cortex or behavior-generating dynamics. During error correction, the communication subspace became feedback-driven, while the behavioral subspace maintained feedforward dynamics. We therefore demonstrate that cortical activity is compartmentalized within distinct subspaces that shape the population dynamics, enabling flexible integration of salient inputs with ongoing activity for robust behavior.

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