scholarly journals Agronomic Characteristics of the Compost-Bedded Pack Made with Forest Biomass or Sawdust

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 546
Author(s):  
Lourdes Llonch ◽  
Cecilia Gordo ◽  
Marga López ◽  
Lorena Castillejos ◽  
Alfred Ferret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Bedding Materials

To ascertain the agronomic value of the material resulting from the compost-bedded pack (CBP) in dairy barns, a cross-over experiment was designed with eight dry non-pregnant Holstein cows. The study was performed in two 11-week periods. Bedding materials used were: (1) CBP with sawdust (S) and (2) CBP with forest biomass (FB). Samples were taken from the raw bedding materials and from the CBP across the experiment. We conducted an additional study preparing two piles, one of each CBP material, to accomplish a composting process of 3 months, where samples were also taken. Granulometry and some chemical composition characteristics of FB made it a suitable bedding material to be used as CBP, but its high moisture content limited the ability to absorb liquid manure. Both the degree of stability of the organic matter and the temperature evolution of CBP suggest that a real composting process did not occur. Finally, the composting process of the piles did not lead to any relevant change in CBP materials. From the agronomic point of view, S and FB present potentially valuable characteristics as regards organic amendment in the soil, thanks to their high organic matter content and low nutrient content.

The Effects of Fire on Archaeological Soils and Sediments: Temperature and Colour Relationships

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 385-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Canti ◽  
N. Linford
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Building Block ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Soil Heating ◽  
Fundamental Building Block ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Key Questions

Although fire is a fundamental building block of interpretation, details of its effect on archaeological substrates are still poorly understood. The key questions, from an interpretative point of view, are the level of heating produced in the soil underneath different fires and the degree of reddening preserved in the final stratigraphy. This paper explores these questions by examination of previous studies and through a series of instrumented experimental fires. We conclude that, although there is some variation, temperatures beneath most surface-built fires remain below 500° C and reddening of the soil happens only rarely. These two generalisations are, however, linked in a complex way which is not fully clarified. Some sediments redden dramatically at temperatures commonly found under the experimental fires and in the literature on soil heating, while others fail to redden even at significantly higher temperatures. These ‘anomalies’ could relate to either organic matter content or chemical variations affecting the progress of the iron oxide transformations that lead to soil reddening.

scholarly journals Ozone aeration impact on the maturation phase in the process of green waste composting

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 01005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Gliniak ◽  
Łukasz Grabowski ◽  
Daria Polek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Maturation Time ◽  
Green Waste ◽  
Maturation Phase ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Stabilization Phase

The paper presents work results on optimization of stabilization phase in the biomass composting process. In these studies, it was examined the influence of two doses of ozone (10 and 20 mgO3·dm-3) in the air used for aeration of stabilization. The results showed the ability to reduce compost maturation time by more than 50%. Application of these ozone doses resulted in a reduction of organic matter content in the stabilizer by 30 to 60%, while reduction of moisture in the material by 20%.

scholarly journals The Effect of Inoculation With Amycolatopsis Strains On Yield and Nutrient Content of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) and Soil Microbiological Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira Kussainova ◽  
Rıdvan Kızılkaya
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Microbiological Properties

Abstract In this study, the yield and nutrient content of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in greenhouse conditions and soil microbiological properties were investigated. Inoculating Amycolatopsis strains, including A.magusensis DSM 45510T, A.orientalis DSM 40040T, and A.azurea DSM 43854T was considered. The mixture of wheat straw (WS) was used to increase soil organic matter content by 5%. It was determined that the grain and straw yield of wheat increased significantly (P < 0.001) in inoculation with Amycolatopsis strains in soils without WS. However, inoculation with Amycolatopsis strains in soil with WS significantly decreased grain and straw of wheat yield. Also, it was found that soil microbial biomass and soil basal respiration (SBR) increased in inoculation with Amycolatopsis strains in both soils with and without WS. While it was established that Cmic:Corg ratio of the control group in the soil samples at the end of the harvest was 1.23, infusing with Amycolatopsis strains was observed to be around 2.95–3.31. Moreover, inoculation with Amycolatopsis strains in soils with WS varied between 0.32–0.40. In the same way, it was determined the microbial metabolic quotient (qCO2) was 2.58 in the control group. This meaning was between 5.67–5.82 in infusing with Amycolatopsis strains and 6.04–6.41 in inoculating with Amycolatopsis strains in soils mixed with ground wheat stalk. As a result, it suggested that the yield of wheat could be increased inoculation with A.magusensis, A.orientalis, and A.azurea, from Amycolatopsis strains, in soils with low soil organic matter content and soils that cannot be shown an increment in terms of organic matter content.

scholarly journals Rheology of Mud: An Overview for Ports and Waterways Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Shakeel ◽  
Alex Kirichek ◽  
Claire Chassagne
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Fluid Mud ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Cohesive Material

Mud, a cohesive material, consists of water, clay minerals, sand, silt and small quantities of organic matter (i.e., biopolymers). Amongst the different mud layers formed by human or natural activities, the fluid mud layer found on top of all the others is quite important from navigational point of view in ports and waterways. Rheological properties of fluid mud layers play an important role in navigation through fluid mud and in fluid mud transport. However, the rheological properties of mud are known to vary as a function of sampling location within a port, sampling depth and sampling location across the globe. Therefore, this variability in rheological fingerprint of mud requires a detailed and systematic analysis. This chapter presents two different sampling techniques and the measured rheological properties of mud, obtained from laboratory experiments. The six protocols used to measure the yield stresses are detailed and compared. Furthermore, the empirical or semi-empirical models that are commonly used to fit rheological experimental data of such systems are presented. The influence of different factors such as density and organic matter content on the rheological behavior of mud is discussed. The fluidic yield stress of mud samples was observed to vary from 0.2 Pa to 500 Pa as a function of density and organic matter content.

Organic matter, nutrient content and biological activity in burned and unburned soils of a Mediterranean maquis area of southern Italy

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna De Marco ◽  
Anna Elisa Gentile ◽  
Carmen Arena ◽  
Amalia Virzo De Santo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Microbial Carbon ◽  
Mediterranean Maquis ◽  
Phillyrea Angustifolia

Experimental fires were performed during the summer-drought period in a Mediterranean maquis in the Castel Volturno Nature Reserve in south-western Italy. The two different fuel loads applied (4 kg m−2 and 2 kg m−2) resulted in complete and partial combustion of the vegetation, respectively. Soil organic matter content (SOM), total and available element concentrations (K, Mg, Na, Mn, Fe, Cu, Pb, Cd), microbial carbon, respiration, metabolic quotient (qCO2), and the coefficient of endogenous mineralization (CEM) were measured at intervals in the dry and wet seasons over a period of about 3 years, in burned and adjacent unburned soils. Soil samples (0–5 cm depth) were collected under the cover of Phillyrea angustifolia L., a dominant species in the study area. Both fires induced long-lasting increases in SOM. As indicated by the increase in CEM, part of the accumulated SOM was mineralized in the first 3 months after fire whereas part of the accumulated SOM was instead stable. Both fires increased the total and available fractions of nutrients and trace elements. During the first 3 months after fire, microbial biomass and qCO2 were higher in the burned soils, which were richer in nutrients, but were characterized by harsher environmental conditions compared to unburned soils.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effects of Organic Matter and Other Soil Characteristics Upon the Aggregate Stability of Some Tropical Soils

1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Lugo-López ◽  
J. Juárez, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
Statistical Studies ◽  
Level Of Significance

This paper reports on statistical studies conducted to evaluate the degree of stability of soil aggregates in terms of the respective organic-matter, clay, and silt contents of selected soils from the Lajas Valley irrigation development project. Simple regression analyses revealed that there was no correlation between aggregate stability and clay or silt content. However, a highly significant correlation was obtained when organic-matter content was considered as the independent variable. In spite of the level of significance only 16 percent of the variability in aggregate stability can be explained on a basis of the soil organic-matter content, thus limiting the possible usefulness of estimates made by using the equation developed.

scholarly journals Porównanie różnych metod oznaczania zawartości substancji organicznej

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Łądkiewicz ◽  
Krystyna Jaśkiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata Wszędyrówny-Nast
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Geotechnical Parameters ◽  
Different Temperatures

From point of view geotechnical parameters evaluation (classifications, interpretations) it is important to determine organic matter content correctly. Most frequently approach is to use for that purpose direct method – loss on ignition at different temperatures. Key factors which influence choosing that approach are: simplicity of this method and non-complex equipment. Thereby, much less used are indirect methods – volumetric. One of indirect methods is common known Tiurin’s method. Organic matter content depends not only from applied method. In case of direct method – loss on ignition at different temperatures, temperature which is applied in examination has also influence on organic matter content. The following article presents results of examinations which gave opportunity to determine to what extent chosen method influences value of organic matter content. The authors were investigated what infl uence has applied temperature in the loss of ignition method. For that purpose as a reference Tiurin’s method was chosen, which generally outputs values lower than the method loss on ignition at different temperatures.

scholarly journals Analisis kimia sedimen di sekitar ekosistem mangrove desa Lambadeuk, Peukan Bada, Aceh Besar

DEPIK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irham ◽  
Saidatul Adhla ◽  
Chitra Octavina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Mangrove Ecosystem ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Muddy Sand ◽  
Organic Sediment

Abstract. Research on analysis of sediments chemistry around the mangrove ecosystem of Lambadeuk village, Peukan Bada Subdistrict aimed to the analyze nutrient content of sediments around mangrove ecosystem which grows in Lambadeuk, Aceh Besar. The study was conducted in April 2018 - May 2019. Research stations were determined by using purposive random sampling method then sediment samples were taken by coring technic. The results of the analysis showed that there are two types of sediments; muddy sand and sandy mud type of sediment. Sandy mud sediment has higher organic matter than muddy sand. The percentage value of total organic matters ranged from 27.89% - 42.41%, while C-Organic was between 0.08% - 1.28%. The percentage of dominant C-organic was found in places that are overgrown with mangroves, while the total organic matter content is more in places that does not have mangroves. In addition to the presence of mangroves that affect the amount of organic sediment and type of sediment, oceanographic factors such as currents, topography, organic matter content, and C-Organic are also affect the type of existing sediment.Keywords: Mangroves, Sediment, Organic matter, C-Organic.Abstrak. Penelitian mengenai analisis kimia sedimen di sekitar ekosistem mangrove Desa Lambadeuk, Kecamatan Peukan Bada bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan unsur hara sedimen di sekitar ekosistem mangrove yang tumbuh di daerah Lambadeuk, Aceh Besar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April – Mei 2019. Metode penentuan stasiun penelitian menggunakan metode purposive random sampling kemudian sampel sedimen diambil dengan menggunakan coring. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tipe sedimen yang ada di Desa Lambadeuk, Kecamatan Peukan Bada terdapat dua tipe sedimen yaitu pasir berlumpur (muddy sand) dan lumpur berpasir (sandy mud). Tipe sedimen lumpur berpasir memiliki kandungan bahan organik lebih tinggi daripada pasir berlumpur. Nilai persentase kandungan bahan organik total berkisar yaitu berkisar antara 27,89 % - 42,41 %, sedangkan C-organik berkisar antara 0,08 % - 1,28 %. Persentase C-organik lebih banyak terdapat di tempat yang banyak ditumbuhi mangrove, sedangkan kandungan bahan organik total lebih banyak di tempat yang tidak ditumbuhi mangrove sama sekali. Disamping keberadaan mangrove yang mempengaruhi besarnya bahan organic sedimen, faktor-faktor oseanografi seperti arus, topografi, kandungan bahan organik, dan C-organik juga mempengauhi tipe sedimen yang ada.Kata Kunci: Mangrove, Sedimen, Bahan Organik, C-organik. 

scholarly journals Aplikasi Beberapa Bahan Organik dan Lamanya Inkubasi Dalam Meningkatkan P-Tersedia Tanah Ultisol

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Nita Rentina Pasaribu ◽  
Fauzi Fauzi ◽  
Asmarlaili Sahar Hanafiah
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Available P ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Soil Physics ◽  
Dry Land

Ultisol merupakan bagian terluas dari lahan kering yang ada di Indonesia yaitu sekitar 25% dari total daratan Indonesia. Tanah yang mempunyai kesuburan rendah karena bereaksi masam, kandungan bahan organik rendah, kadar hara P rendah dan kelarutan Al yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian beberapa bahan organik dan lamanya inkubasi terhadap peningkatan pH, P-tersedia, kapasitas tukar kation (KTK), penurunan Al-dd dan kejenuhan Al pada tanah Ultisol yang dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Fisika Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera Utara dan Laboratorium Socfin Indonesia, Medan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 2 faktor dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah bahan organik terdiri dari kontrol (B0), kompos Tithonia diversifolia (paitan) (B1), kompos kulit durian (B2), kompos TKKS (B3), pupuk kandang ayam (B4), kompos paitan + pukan ayam (B5), kompos kulit durian + pukan ayam (B6), kompos TKKS + pukan ayam (B7). Faktor kedua adalah lama inkubasi terdiri dari inkubasi satu minggu (I1), inkubasi dua minggu (I2). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian bahan organik nyata meningkatkan pH, P-tersedia, KTK serta menurunkan Al-dd dan kejenuhan Al. Lama inkubasi nyata menurunkan pH tetapi tidak mempengaruhi P-tersedia, KTK, menurunkan Al-dd dan kejenuhan Al, serta interaksi bahan oganik dengan lamanya inkubasi nyata menurunkan Al-dd tanah tetapi tidak mempengaruhi pH, P-tersedia, KTK, dan menurunkan kejenuhan Al. Ultisol is the widest part of dry land in Indonesia, which is around 25% of the total land area of Indonesia. This soil type has low fertility due to the acid reaction, low organic matter content, low P nutrient content and high Al solubility. This study aims to determine the effect of giving some organic matter and the length of incubation on increasing pH, available P, cation exchange capacity (CEC), decreasing Al-dd and saturation of Al on Ultisol soil carried out at the Soil Physics Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Sumatra North and Indonesian Socfin Laboratory, Medan. This study used Factorial Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was organic material consisting of control (B0), Tithonia diversifolia (paitan) (B1) compost, durian skin compost (B2), OPEFB compost (B3), chicken manure (B4), paitan + chicken compost (B5) , durian + pukan chicken skin compost (B6), TKKS + chicken compost (B7) compost. The second factor is the incubation period consisting of one-week incubation (I1), two weeks incubation (I2). The results of this study indicate that the addition of organic matter significantly increases pH, available P, CEC and decreases Al-dd and saturation Al. Duration of incubation markedly reduced pH but did not affect P-available, CEC, decreased Al-dd and Al saturation, and interaction of organic matter with marked incubation duration significantly reduced soil Al-dd but did not affect pH, available P, CEC, and decreased Al saturation.

THE EFFECT OF SAWDUST, STRAW, COMPOST AND MANURE ON THE YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF STRAWBERRIES AND ON SOIL MOISTURE, ACIDITY AND ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Sawdust, straw, compost and manure were applied under dryland conditions to strawberry plantings at two locations. The effects on yield, leaf nutrient content, soil moisture, soil acidity and soil organic matter content were evaluated. Sawdust mulch and sawdust incorporation, the former being slightly better, produced highly significant increased yields over the check treatment and were superior to all other treatments. Soil moisture measurements showed that the sawdust treatments conserved soil moisture and this was regarded as the chief reason for the increased yields. The nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents of leaves were affected somewhat by the treatments but the levels were considered adequate in all cases.Soil acidity was significantly increased in the sawdust plots but this was attributed to the additional nitrogen applied rather than to the sawdust per se. Sawdust incorporation, manure and compost treatments significantly increased soil organic matter content when compared to the check treatment.

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