scholarly journals Hydrogen Production by Partial Oxidation Reforming of Methane over Ni Catalysts Supported on High and Low Surface Area Alumina and Zirconia

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Fakeeha ◽  
Ahmed A. Ibrahim ◽  
Hesham Aljuraywi ◽  
Yazeed Alqahtani ◽  
Ahmad Alkhodair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
H2 Yield ◽  
Partial Oxidation Reforming

The catalytic activity of the partial oxidation reforming reaction for hydrogen production over 10% Ni supported on high and low surface area alumina and zirconia was investigated. The reforming reactions, under atmospheric pressure, were performed with a feed molar ratio of CH4/O2 = 2.0. The reaction temperature was set to 450–650 °C. The catalytic activity, stability, and carbon formation were determined via TGA, TPO, Raman, and H2 yield. The catalysts were calcined at 600 and 800 °C. The catalysts were prepared via the wet-impregnation method. Various characterizations were conducted using BET, XRD, TPR, TGA, TPD, TPO, and Raman. The highest methane conversion (90%) and hydrogen yield (72%) were obtained at a 650 °C reaction temperature using Ni-Al-H-600, which also showed the highest stability for the ranges of the reaction temperatures investigated. Indeed, the time-on-stream for 7 h of the Ni-Al-H-600 catalyst displayed high activity and a stable profile when the reaction temperature was set to 650 °C.

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide Dry Reforming of Glycerol for Hydrogen Production using Ni/ZrO2 and Ni/CaO as Catalysts

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Nabillah Mohd Arif ◽  
Dai-Viet N. Vo ◽  
Mohammad Tazli Azizan ◽  
Sumaiya Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Promising Source

<p>Glycerol, byproduct from the biodiesel production can be effectively utilized as the promising source of synthesis gas (syngas) through a dry reforming reaction. Combination of these waste materials with greenhouse gases which is carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) will help to reduce environmental problem such as global warming. This dry reforming reaction has been carried out in a fixed bed batch reactor at 700 °C under the atmospheric pressure for 3 hours. In this experiment, reforming reaction was carried out using Nickel (Ni) as based catalyst and supported with zirconium (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) and calcium (CaO) oxides. The catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation method and characterized using Bruanaer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermo Gravimetric (TGA), and Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR) analysis. Reaction studies show that 15% Ni/CaO give the highest hydrogen yield and glycerol conversion that peaked at 24.59% and 30.32%, respectively. This result is verified by XRD analysis where this catalyst shows low crystallinity and fine dispersion of Ni species resulted in high specific surface area which gives 44.93 m<sup>2</sup>/g that is validated by BET.  Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved</p><p><em>Received: 21<sup>st</sup> January 2016; Revised: 24<sup>th</sup> February 2016; Accepted: 29<sup>th</sup> February 2016</em></p><p><strong>How to Cite:</strong> Arif, N.M.M., Vo, D.V.N., Azizan,M.T., Abidin S.Z. (2016). Carbon Dioxide Dry Reforming of Glycerol for Hydrogen Production using Ni/ZrO<sub>2</sub> and Ni/CaO as Catalysts. Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis, 11 (2): 200-209 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.2.551.200-209)</p><p><strong>Permalink/DOI:</strong> http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.2.551.200-209</p>

Steam Reforming of Model Compounds from Bio-Oil for Hydrogen Production over Pd/HZSM-5 Catalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 558-562
Author(s):  
Qi Wang ◽  
Long Guo ◽  
Xin Bao Li
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Wet Impregnation ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
H2 Yield

Ethanol was selected as a model compound of bio-oil. Pd/HZSM-5 catalyst with 5%wt Pd was prepared by wet impregnation method. The steam reforming experiment for hydrogen production was carried out on a fixed bed reactor. The carbon conversion, carbon selectivity of product gas and H2 yield was calculated according the experimental resultsl. It has been found that the best performance was obtained at T=700°C, S/C=9.2 and GC1HSV=346h-1. At this condition, the hydrogen yield and potential hydrogen yield can be as high as 58.1% and 84.3%. The results show that the addition of Pd to HZSM-5 can improve the reforming performance and increase the hydrogen yield.

Activity of Copper and Nickel Loaded on HZSM-5Zeolite Based Catalyst for Steam Reforming of Glycerol to Hydrogen

2014 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 504-509
Author(s):  
Hafizah Abdul Halim Yun ◽  
Ramli Mat ◽  
Tuan Amran Tuan Abdullah ◽  
Mahadhir Mohamed ◽  
Anwar Johariand Asmadi Ali
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Zeolite Catalysts ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Glycerol Conversion

The study focuses on hydrogen production via glycerol steam reforming over copper and nickel loaded on HZSM-5 zeolite based catalyst. The catalysts were prepared by using different loading amount of copper (0-10wt%) and nickel (0-10wt%) on HZSM-5 zeolite catalysts through wet impregnation method and was characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The performances of catalysts were evaluated in terms of glycerol conversion and hydrogen production at 500°C using 6:1 of water to glycerol molar ratio (WGMR) in a tubular fixed bed reactor. All the catalysts had achieved more than 85% of glycerol conversion except that of 5%Cu loaded on HZSM-5 catalyst. The addition of nickel into 5% Cu/HZSM-5 catalyst had increased the hydrogen yield. Similar trend was observed when copper was added into Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst but using copper loaded on HZSM-5 alone was unable to produce hydrogen compared to using nickel catalyst alone. It showed that copper acted as a promoter for hydrogen production. It was established that a 5wt% of Cu with 10wt% of Ni loaded on HZSM-5 catalyst showed significant improvement in terms of hydrogen yield and gaseous product compositions at selected operating conditions.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Production through Autothermal Reforming of Ethanol: Enhancement of Ni Catalyst Performance via Promotion

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5176
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Matus ◽  
Olga Sukhova ◽  
Ilyas Ismagilov ◽  
Mikhail Kerzhentsev ◽  
Olga Stonkus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Autothermal Reforming ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Ni Catalyst ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Preparation Mode

Autothermal reforming of bioethanol (ATR of C2H5OH) over promoted Ni/Ce0.8La0.2O1.9 catalysts was studied to develop carbon-neutral technologies for hydrogen production. The regulation of the functional properties of the catalysts was attained by adjusting their nanostructure and reducibility by introducing various types and content of M promoters (M = Pt, Pd, Rh, Re; molar ratio M/Ni = 0.003–0.012). The composition–characteristics–activity correlation was determined using catalyst testing in ATR of C2H5OH, thermal analysis, N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and EDX analysis. It was shown that the type and content of the promoter, as well as the preparation mode (combined or sequential impregnation methods), determine the redox properties of catalysts and influence the textural and structural characteristics of the samples. The reducibility of catalysts improves in the following sequence of promoters: Re < Rh < Pd < Pt, with an increase in their content, and when using the co-impregnation method. It was found that in ATR of C2H5OH over bimetallic Ni-M/Ce0.8La0.2O1.9 catalysts at 600 °C, the hydrogen yield increased in the following row of promoters: Pt < Rh < Pd < Re at 100% conversion of ethanol. The introduction of M leads to the formation of a NiM alloy under reaction conditions and affects the resistance of the catalyst to oxidation, sintering, and coking. It was found that for enhancing Ni catalyst performance in H2 production through ATR of C2H5OH, the most effective promotion is with Re: at 600 °C over the optimum 10Ni-0.4Re/Ce0.8La0.2O1.9 catalyst the highest hydrogen yield 65% was observed.

The Influence of Fe/Al Molar Ratio on Microreactor-Based Catalyst Preparation and Carbon Nanotube Preparation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Ting Qun Tan ◽  
Lei Geng ◽  
Yan Lin ◽  
Yan He
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
High Catalytic Activity

In order to prepare carbon nanotubes with high specific surface area, small diameter, low resistivity, high purity and high catalytic activity, the Fe-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared based on the microreactor. The influence of different Fe/Al molar ratios on the catalyst and the carbon nanotubes prepared was studied through BET, SEM, TEM and other detection methods. Studies have shown that the pore structure of the catalyst is dominated by slit pores at a lower Fe/Al molar ratio. The catalytic activity is the highest when the Fe/Al molar ratio is 1:1, reaching 74.1%. When the Fe/Al molar ratio is 1:2, the catalyst has a higher specific surface area, the maximum pore size is 8.63 nm, and the four-probe resistivity and ash content of the corresponding carbon nanotubes are the lowest. The higher the proportion of aluminum, the higher the specific surface area of the catalyst and the carbon nanotubes, and the finer the diameter of the carbon nanotubes, which gradually tends to relax. The results show that when the Fe/Al molar ratio is 1:2, although the catalytic activity of the catalyst is not the highest, the carbon nanotubes prepared have the best performance.

Influence Factors of Denitration Study on Catalyst Mn-Ce/TiO2

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 526-530
Author(s):  
Chun Xiang Geng ◽  
Qian Qian Chai ◽  
Wei Yao ◽  
Chen Long Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Ammonia Gas

Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) processes have been one of the most widely used denitration methods at present and the property of low tempreture catalyst becomes a hot research. The Mn-Ce/TiO2 catalyst was prepared by incipient impregnation method. The influence of load capacity, reaction temperature, O2 content, etc. on denitration were studied by a fixed bed catalyst reactor with ammonia gas. Results showed that catalyst with load capacity 18% performed high NO removal rate of 90% at conditions of reaction temperature 160°C, low space velocity, NH3/NO molar ratio 1: 1, O2 concentration 6%.

scholarly journals Characterization of Ag-promoted Ni/SiO2 Catalysts for Syngas Production via Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Dry Reforming of Glycerol

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazimah Harun ◽  
Jolius Gimbun ◽  
Mohammad Tazli Azizan ◽  
Sumaiya Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Tubular Reactor ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Glycerol Conversion ◽  
Syngas Production

<p>The carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) dry reforming of glycerol for syngas production is one of the promising ways to benefit the oversupply crisis of glycerol worldwide. It is an attractive process as it converts carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas into a synthesis gas and simultaneously removed from the carbon biosphere cycle. In this study, the glycerol dry reforming was carried out using Silver (Ag) promoted Nickel (Ni) based catalysts supported on silicon oxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) i.e. Ag-Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub>. The catalysts were prepared through wet impregnation method and characterized by using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Thermo Gravimetric (TGA) analysis. The experiment was conducted in a tubular reactor which condition fixed at 973 K and CO<sub>2</sub>:glycerol molar ratio of 1, under atmospheric pressure. It was found that the main gaseous products are H₂, CO and CH<sub>4</sub> with H₂:CO molar ratio &lt; 1.0. From the reaction study, Ag(5)-Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub> results in highest glycerol conversion and hydrogen yield, accounted for 32.6% and 27.4%, respectively. Copyright © 2016 BCREC GROUP. All rights reserved</p><p><em>Received: 22<sup>nd</sup> January 2016; Revised: 22<sup>nd</sup> February 2016; Accepted: 23<sup>rd</sup> February 2016</em></p><strong>How to Cite</strong>: Harun, N., Gimbun, J., Azizan, M.T., Abidin S.Z. (2016). Characterization of Ag-promoted Ni/SiO<sub>2</sub> Catalysts for Syngas Production via Carbon Dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) Dry Reforming of Glycerol. <em>Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis</em>, 11 (2): 220-229 (doi:10.9767/bcrec.11.2.553.220-229)<p><strong>Permalink/DOI:</strong> http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.11.2.553.220-229</p>

scholarly journals Catalytic Steam Reforming of Glycerol Over Cerium and Palladium-Based Catalysts for Hydrogen Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ebshish ◽  
Zahira Yaakob ◽  
Y. H. Taufiq-Yap ◽  
Ahmed Bshish ◽  
Abdulmajid Shaibani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Catalytic Steam Reforming ◽  
Total Average

In this work, catalytic steam reforming of glycerol for hydrogen production was performed over Ce/Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3 catalysts prepared via the impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two sets of catalytic reactions were conducted, one comparing 1% Pd/Al2O3 to 1% Ce/Al2O3 and the second comparing 1% Ce/Al2O3 loading to 10% Ce/Al2O3 loading. All catalytic reactions were performed using a fixed-bed reactor operated at 600 °C and atmospheric pressure. Aglycerol–water mixture at a molar ratio of 1:6 was fed to the reactor at 0.05 ml/min. In the first set of experiments, Pd/Al2O3 exhibited higher hydrogen productivity than Ce/Al2O3. A maximum hydrogen yield of 56% and a maximum selectivity of 78.7% were achieved over the Pd/Al2O3 catalyst. For the second set of experiments, the results show that the reaction conversion increased as the cerium loading increased from 1% to 10%. A total average hydrogen yield of 28.0% and a selectivity of 45.5% were obtained over 1% Ce/Al2O3, while the total average hydrogen yield and selectivity were 42.2% and 52.7%, respectively, for 10% Ce/Al2O3.

Production of Biodiesel from Cooking Oil Using CaO Catalyst

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 518-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardhiah Mohamad ◽  
Norzita Ngadi ◽  
Nurul Saadiah Lani
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Transesterification Method ◽  
Percentage Conversion

Transesterification method was carried out in biodiesel production from cooking oil (CO). Calcium oxide (CaO) was selected as the best catalyst. This study investigated the effects of percentage conversion of oil to biodiesel from methanol to oil molar ratio and catalyst amount. Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) test method was used to analyze the surface area. The results obtained showed that using 200°C calcined CaO catalyst, 76.67 % biodiesel was successfully converted from oil. This indicates that the cooking oil (CO) has potential to become a future source of biodiesel. 0.5 w/w% catalyst dosages, 3:5 oil to methanol molar ratio and 65°C reaction temperature are the best condition for the biodiesel conversion from oil. This study also shows that conversion of cooking oil is significantly affected by methanol to oil molar ratio and catalyst amount.

Process Modelling, Thermodynamic Analysis and Optimization of Dry Reforming, Partial Oxidation and Auto-Thermal Methane Reforming for Hydrogen and Syngas production

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bamidele V. Ayodele ◽  
Chin Kui Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Desirability Function ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Dry Reforming ◽  
Process Modelling ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Partial Oxidation Reforming

Abstract In this work, process modelling, thermodynamic analysis and optimization of stand-alone dry and partial oxidation reforming of methane as well as, the auto-thermal reforming processes were investigated. Firstly, flowsheet models were developed for both the stand-alone systems and auto-thermal reforming process using ASPEN HYSYS®. Furthermore, thermodynamic studies were conducted for the stand-alone and auto-thermal reforming processes for temperatures range of 200–1000°C and pressure range of 1–3 bar using Gibbs free energy minimization methods which was also performed using ASPEN HYSYS®. The simulation of the auto-thermal reforming process was also performed at 20 bar to mimic industrial process. Process parameters were optimized in the combined reforming process for hydrogen production using desirability function. The simulation results show that 84.60 kg/h, 62.08 kg/h and 154.7 kg/h of syngas were produced from 144 kg/h, 113 kg/h and 211 kg/h of the gas fed into the Gibbs reactor at CH4/CO2/O2 ratio 1:1:1 for the stand-alone dry reforming, partial oxidation reforming and auto-thermal processes respectively. Equilibrium conversion of CH4, CO2, O2 were thermodynamically favoured between 400 and 800°C with highest conversions of 100%, 95.9% and 86.7% for O2, CO2 and CH4 respectively. Highest yield of 99% for H2 and 40% for CO at 800°C was obtained. The optimum conditions for hydrogen production were obtained at CH4/CO2, CH4/O2 ratios of 0.634, 0.454 and temperature of 800°C respectively. The results obtained in this study corroborate experimental studies conducted on auto-thermal reforming of methane for hydrogen and syngas production.

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