scholarly journals An Overview of the Biolubricant Production Process: Challenges and Future Perspectives

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Cecilia ◽  
Daniel Ballesteros Plata ◽  
Rosana Maria Alves Saboya ◽  
Francisco Murilo Tavares de Luna ◽  
Celio L. Cavalcante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Natural Oils ◽  
Polyol Esters ◽  
Branched Chain

The term biolubricant applies to all lubricants that are easily biodegradable and non-toxic to humans and the environment. The uses of biolubricant are still very limited when compared to those of mineral oils, although this trend is increasing and depends on investment in research and development (R&D). The increase in demand for biodegradable lubricants is related to the evolution of environmental regulations, with more restrictive rules being implemented to minimize environmental impact caused by inappropriate disposal. This study provides an overview of the types, production routes, properties, and applications of biolubricants. Biolubricants are classified as either natural or synthetic oils according to chemical composition. Natural oils are of animal or vegetable origin and are rarely used because they are unstable at high temperatures and form compounds that are harmful to equipment and machines. Synthetic oils are obtained from chemical reactions and are the best lubricants for demanding applications. They are obtained by various routes, mainly by obtaining straight or branched-chain monoesters, diesters, triesters, and polyol esters from vegetable oils. The conversion of triglyceride to esters can be followed or preceded by one or more reactions to improve reactions such as epoxidation and hydrogenation.

Comparative TG/DTG/DTA+FTIR Studies Concerning the Stability of Some Mineral and Vegetable Electro-Insulating Fluids

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 2366-2371
Author(s):  
Andrei Cucos ◽  
Petru Budrugeac ◽  
Iosif Lingvay ◽  
Adriana Mariana Bors ◽  
Andreea Voina
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Electrical Equipment ◽  
Inert Atmosphere ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Gaseous Products ◽  
Mineral Oils ◽  
Ftir Studies ◽  
Dta Analysis ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
The Stability

Thermal TG/DTG/DTA analysis coupled with FTIR spectroscopy was applied to some sorts of mineral and vegetable oils used in electrical equipment. On heating in inert atmosphere, it was observed that the mineral oils vaporize, while the vegetable oils undergo hydrolysis, yielding fatty acids as main volatiles, as indicated by FTIR. In synthetic air, the FTIR spectra of gaseous products confirm the presence of similar oxidation products, both for mineral and vegetable oils. The TG results indicated that the vegetable-based oils exhibit a substantially higher thermal stability than the mineral oils. The presence or absence of anti-oxidant inhibitors in these oils greatly influences the onset of the oxidation process in air environment factor, as results from the DTA results.

scholarly journals Nanoengineering in biomedicine: Current development and future perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 700-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jian ◽  
David Hui ◽  
Denvid Lau
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Molecular Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

AbstractRecent advances in biomedicine largely rely on the development in nanoengineering. As the access to unique properties in biomaterials is not readily available from traditional techniques, the nanoengineering becomes an effective approach for research and development, by which the performance as well as the functionalities of biomaterials has been greatly improved and enriched. This review focuses on the main materials used in biomedicine, including metallic materials, polymers, and nanocomposites, as well as the major applications of nanoengineering in developing biomedical treatments and techniques. Research that provides an in-depth understanding of material properties and efficient enhancement of material performance using molecular dynamics simulations from the nanoengineering perspective are discussed. The advanced techniques which facilitate nanoengineering in biomedical applications are also presented to inspire further improvement in the future. Furthermore, the potential challenges of nanoengineering in biomedicine are evaluated by summarizing concerned issues and possible solutions.

Data augmentation and transfer learning strategies for reaction prediction in low chemical data regimes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Xinqiao Wang ◽  
Chengyun Zhang ◽  
Jiamin Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Chemistry ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Reaction Prediction

An effective and rapid deep learning method to predict chemical reactions contributes to the research and development of organic chemistry and drug discovery.

Calculation of the molar heat of formation of fatty acid triglycerides from the heat of combustion of vegetable oils

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Łukasz Jęczmionek
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Formation Enthalpy ◽  
Heat Of Formation ◽  
Heat Of Combustion ◽  
Calorimetric Method ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Natural Oils ◽  
Fatty Acid Triglycerides

The results of the research on estimation the molar heat of formation (enthalpy) of model triglycerides found in natural oils and fats are presented. In this work a calculation method and calorimetric one were used. It was found that combustion heat values determined by separate methods are comparable; their difference was a maximum of 155 kJ/kg, and thus was significantly lower than the tolerance for the calorimetric method according to PN 86/C-04062.

Use of Polymers in Viscosity Index Modification of Mineral Oils and Pour Point Depression of Vegetable Oils

2017 ◽  
pp. 61-89
Author(s):  
Dogan Grunberg ◽  
Mert Arca ◽  
Dan Vargo ◽  
Sevim Z. Erhan ◽  
Brajendra K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Viscosity Index ◽  
Mineral Oils

A review of chemical composition and nutritional properties of minor vegetable oils in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruinan Yang ◽  
Liangxiao Zhang ◽  
Peiwu Li ◽  
Li Yu ◽  
Jin Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Nutritional Properties

Research and Development of U68CuCr Rail Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 482-484 ◽  
pp. 989-995
Author(s):  
Yu Ji ◽  
Zhong Min Yang ◽  
Min Zhu ◽  
Wan Ling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Rail Steel ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Hot Rolled

According to characteristics of the marine environment corrosion, 980MPa steel were developed. After design rational chemical composition and production process, the full section hot-rolled corrosion-resistant sorbite rail steel were successfully developed. this kind of steel has fine grain size, high strength and perfect toughness. Dry-wet immersion test showed that lift of this rail is 70% longer than U75V.

Metabolomics in pesticide research and development: review and future perspectives

Metabolomics ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos A. Aliferis ◽  
Maria Chrysayi-Tokousbalides
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Development Review

scholarly journals Asymptotic giant branch evolution: Where do we stand?

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S283) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Marigo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Stellar Evolution ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Planetary Nebulae ◽  
Asymptotic Giant Branch ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Stellar Models

AbstractI provide a synthetic overview of the present status of stellar models for the asymptotic giant branch phase, one of the most complex and still uncertain stages of stellar evolution. In particular I will focus on two aspects that are most relevant in the context of the planetary nebulæ progeny, namely: the chemical composition of the AGB ejecta, and the mass of the bare CO core left after the ejection of the stellar mantle at the AGB tip. Recent progress, present uncertainties, and future perspectives to constrain AGB models are briefly discussed.

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