scholarly journals Screening and Optimization of Demulsifiers and Flocculants Based on ASP Flooding-Produced Water

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Huang ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Cheng Fu ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Asp Flooding ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Oil Concentration

The water produced by alkaline–surfactant–polymer (ASP) flooding is difficult to treat due to the presence of residual chemicals. Therefore, research and development of efficient and low-cost methods for the treatment of ASP flooding produced water is necessary. Chemical destabilization is the most common and effective way to treat the produced water. This paper describes an optimization method for demulsification and flocculation. Some demulsifiers and flocculants commonly used in oilfields were screened, compounded, and optimized. Since the effect of treatment using only demulsifier or flocculant to treat the produced water is often not enough to meet the reinjection standard, an orthogonal experiment was carried out to study the demulsification–flocculation method to treat produced water. Five main influencing factors of the oil concentration were investigated. Based on the results of the range analysis and the relationship between the five factors and oil concentration, the order of significant factors was found to be demulsifier dosage > flocculant dosage > settling time > stirring time > stirring intensity, and the optimal demulsification–flocculation treatment conditions were successfully optimized.

scholarly journals Slurry Preparation Effects on the Cemented Phosphogypsum Backfill through an Orthogonal Experiment

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xibing Li ◽  
Yanan Zhou ◽  
Quanqi Zhu ◽  
Shitong Zhou ◽  
Chendi Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Setting Times ◽  
Stirring Time ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Slurry Preparation

The cemented phosphogypsum (PG) backfill technique provides a new method for massive consumption of PG, and therefore alleviating the environmental pollution of PG. This study considered the effects of slurry preparation on the performance of cemented PG backfill. A L16(44) orthogonal experiment was designed to analyze four factors, namely the solid content, phosphogypsum-to-binder ratio (PG/B ratio), stirring time and stirring speed, with each factor having four levels. According to the range analysis, the solid content played the dominant role in controlling the bleeding rate, while the setting times strongly depended on the PG/B ratio. In terms of strength development of the backfill, the PG/B ratio was shown to be the most significant factor determining the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), followed by the solid content, stirring time and stirring speed. Furthermore, the results showed that the slurry preparation affected the environmental behavior of impurities that originated in PG. By analyzing the concentrations of impurities in the bleeding water of the slurry as well as the leachates of the tank leaching test, the results showed that the release of F− and SO42− was aggravated clearly with the increase in the PG/B ratio, while the release of PO43− always remained at relatively low levels.

scholarly journals Optimization of injection molding process parameters based on GA-ELM-GA

2022 ◽  
Vol 355 ◽  
pp. 01029
Author(s):  
Yi Mei ◽  
Maoyuan Xue
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Warpage Deformation

The most common optimization method for the optimization of injection mold process parameters is range analysis, but there is often a nonlinear coupling relationship between injection molding process parameters and quality indicators. Therefore, it is difficult to find the optimal process combination in range analysis. In this article, a genetic algorithm optimized extreme learning machine network model (GA-ELM) combined with genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed to optimize the process parameters of the injection mold. Take the injection molding process parameter optimization of an electrical appliance buckle cover shell as an example. In order to find the process parameters corresponding to the minimum warpage deformation, an orthogonal experiment was designed and the results of the orthogonal experiment were analyzed. Then, the corresponding optimal process combination and the degree of influence of process parameters on the warpage deformation were obtained. At the same time, the extreme learning machine network model (GA-ELM) optimized by the genetic algorithm was used to predict the warpage deformation of the plastic part. The trained GA-ELM model can map non-linear coupling relationship between the five process parameters and the warpage deformation well. And the optimal process parameters in the trained GA-ELM network model was searched by the powerful optimization ability of genetic algorithm. Generally speaking, the warpage deformation after optimization by range analysis is reduced by 6.7% compared with the minimum warpage after optimization by orthogonal experiment. But compared to the minimum warpage deformation after orthogonal experiment optimization, the warpage deformation after GAELM-GA optimization is reduced by 22%, which is better than that of the range analysis, thus verifying the feasibility and the optimization of the optimization method. This optimization method provides a certain theoretical reference and technical support for the field involving the optimization of process parameters.

scholarly journals Research on the performance of recycled concrete powder self-leveling mortar based on orthogonal experiment

2020 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 01011
Author(s):  
Yuezhong Lin ◽  
Xingxing Zhang ◽  
Yachao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Recycled Concrete ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Natural Sand ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Five Factors

Waste concrete in the construction waste is reprocessed into concrete sand and powder [1]. Recycled concrete sand with a particle size between 0.15 and 0.25mm partially replaces natural sand, and the recycled concrete powder with a particle size less than 0.075mm partially replaces cement. The five-factor four-level orthogonal experiment was used to study the replacement amount of recycled concrete powder, the replacement amount of recycled concrete sand, the amount of dispersible latex powder, the amount of polycarboxylate water-reducing agent, the ratio of bone cement, and the five factors on the fluidity of self-leveling mortar. The influence of the three performance indicators of bond tensile strength and dimensional change rate; through the range analysis of the above indicators. The analysis results show that the content of recycled concrete powder instead of cement has the greatest impact on the tensile bond strength and dimensional change rate of recycled concrete powder self-leveling mortar, and the content of Polycarboxylate Superplasticizer has the greatest influence on the fluidity.

Fabrication of highly stable and durable furfurylated wood materials. Part I: process optimization

Holzforschung ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1135-1146
Author(s):  
Wanju Li ◽  
Minghui Liu ◽  
Hankun Wang ◽  
Yan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Weight Percent Gain ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Mold Resistance

AbstractIn order to improve dimensional stability and durability of wood, furfurylation of poplar and Chinese fir wood using newly developed furfuryl alcohol (FA) formulation combined with a common vacuum and pressure impregnation process was studied. An orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize the furfurylation process for the two wood species. The weight percent gain (WPG), equilibrium moisture content (EMC), anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), as well as resistance to mold, decay fungi, and termites were evaluated. The results showed that nearly all the properties of the furfurylated wood could be improved to various extents. The average ASE of the furfurylated Chinese fir and poplar could reach as high as 80, 71, 92% and 79, 90, 75% in tangential and radial directions, and by volume, respectively, higher than most previously reported wood modification processes. Furthermore, the modified wood had excellent biological durability, with nearly 100% mold resistance, strong decay and termite resistance. Finally, processing parameters with 50% FA, 105–115 °C curing temperature, and 5–8 h curing time were therefore recommended for pilot-scale production of furfurylated poplar and Chinese fir wood based on range analysis.

scholarly journals Laboratory Investigation of Compaction Characteristics of Plant Recycled Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3005
Author(s):  
Jiangang Yang ◽  
Chen Sun ◽  
Wenjie Tao ◽  
Jie Gao ◽  
Bocheng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Compaction Characteristics ◽  
Compaction Energy

In this study, the compaction characteristics of recycled hot-mix asphalt (RHMA) were evaluated using the void content (VV), compaction energy index (CEI), slope of accumulated compaction energy (K), and lock point (LP). Then, the effects of the compaction parameters, including the gradation of the RHMA, reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content, temperature of gyrations, and number of gyrations, on the compaction characteristics of RHMA were investigated. An orthogonal experiment was designed and the data collected were analyzed via range analysis; then, a regression model was generated relying on a quadratic polynomial. Furthermore, the regression model was used for the comparison and prediction of the mixture’s compactability during the material design. Finally, the compaction mechanism of RHMA was discussed from the perspective of the void content of RAP particles. The results showed that a finer aggregate gradation, a higher gyration temperature, a greater number of gyrations, and a higher RAP content were effective for increasing the compactability of RHMA. The range analysis results suggest that the gradation of RHMA has the greatest influence on compactability, followed by the RAP content. The RAP aggregate cannot diffuse to a new mixture completely, so the remained RAP particle reduces the void content of RHMA. Therefore, a higher RAP content up to 50% can help RHMA to achieve the designed void content with higher efficiency.

Using structural equation modelling to assess the sustainable competitive advantages provided by the low-cost carrier model

2018 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vedant Singh ◽  
S. Vaibhav ◽  
Somesh Kr. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Equation Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantages

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between the dimensions of sustainable competitive advantages in the Indian low cost airlines.Design/methodology/approachThis study used structural equation modelling methods to identify the factors that significantly affect the sustainable competitive advantages enjoyed by Indian low-cost carriers (LCCs). Specifically, this study is based on the data from 208 airline experts that populate multiple structural equation models.FindingsResults indicate that indigenous efficiency, the LCCs perceptions of threat, dexterity, strategic persuasion and the LCC adopting an enabling role positively affect LCCs’ competitive advantages. These five factors were all correlated with each other. The results also show that relative to an LCC’s dexterity, indigenous efficiency is a stronger predictor of an LCC’s competitive advantages.Originality/valueThis study provides low-cost airlines with valuable information for designing effective strategies for obtaining competitive advantages in the LCC sector. To conclude the paper, the authors offer practical recommendations for managers and suggest some avenues for future research in this area.

scholarly journals A simple interferometric method to measure the calibration factor and displacement amplification in piezoelectric flextensional actuators

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 577-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco de Assis Andrade Barbosa ◽  
Gilder Nader ◽  
Ricardo Tokio Higuti ◽  
Cláudio Kitano ◽  
Emílio Carlos Nelli Silva
Keyword(s):  
Modulation Depth ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Michelson Interferometer ◽  
Laser Interferometry ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Calibration Factor ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Interferometric Method ◽  
Established Technique

Laser interferometry is a well-established technique for the characterization of piezoelectric actuators. In this work, by using a low cost Michelson interferometer, the measurement of the calibration factor and the displacement amplification of a novel piezoelectric flextensional actuator (PFA), designed by using the topology optimization method, is performed. A simple method, based on small phase modulation depth when the PFA is driven by a triangular waveform, allows the absolute interferometer calibration. The free-displacement of the PFA for various drive voltages is measured and the displacement amplification is determined. The linearity and frequencyresponse of the PFA are evaluated up to 20 kHz

Lab Testing and Finite Element Method Simulation of Hole Deflector Performance for Radial Jet Drilling

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Gensheng Li ◽  
Zhongwei Huang ◽  
Tianqi Ma ◽  
Dongbo Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Finite Element Method Simulation ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Coal Bed ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Pressure Water Jet

Radial jet drilling (RJD) is an efficient approach for improving the productivity of wells in low permeability, marginal and coal-bed methane (CBM) reservoirs at a very low cost. It uses high-pressure water jet to drill lateral holes from a vertical wellbore. The length of the lateral holes is greatly influenced by the frictional resistance in the hole deflector. However, the hole deflector frictional resistance and structure design have not been well studied. This work fills that gap. Frictional resistances were measured in a full-scale experiment and calculated by numerical simulation. The structure of the hole deflector was parameterized and a geometric model was developed to design the hole deflector track. An empirical model was then established to predict the frictional resistance as a function of the hole deflector structure parameters and an optimization method for designing the hole deflector was proposed. Finally, four types of hole deflectors were optimized using this method. The results show good agreement between the numerical simulation and the experimental data. The model error is within 11.6%. The bend radius R and exit angle β are the key factors affecting the performance of the hole deflector. The validation test was conducted for a case hole deflector (5½ in. casing). The measured frictional resistance was decreased from 31.44 N to 23.16 N by 26.34%. The results from this research could serve as a reference for the design of hole deflectors for radial jet drilling.

Effects of Wet Activation Process Parameters on Surface Hydrophilicity in Silicon Direct Wafer Bonding

2012 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 250-253
Author(s):  
Lei Nie ◽  
Jun Xing Yu ◽  
Kun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wafer Bonding ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Surface Hydrophilicity ◽  
Direct Wafer Bonding ◽  
Value Range

Wet activation is a very important step in silicon direct wafer bonding process and a optimized activation process is desirable to improve the surface hydrophilicity. Therefore the pivotal parameters of activation process were investigated which were volume ratio, holding time and treat temperature. A orthogonal experiment array was designed to reveal the effects of these parameters and the experiment results were analyzed by range analysis method. The analysis results indicted among those three parameters, everyone had intimidate relationship with surface hydrophilicity, which was indexed by contact angle. And higher concentration, longer holding time and higher treating temperature in possible value range were more desirable. Based on these conclusions, optimized activation process was desigened using which void-free bonding was realized.

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