scholarly journals Hydrophilic Surface Functionalization of Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2636
Author(s):  
Beata Niemczyk-Soczynska ◽  
Arkadiusz Gradys ◽  
Pawel Sajkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Hydrophilic Surface ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Covalent Grafting

Electrospun polymer nanofibers have received much attention in tissue engineering due to their valuable properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradation ability, appropriate mechanical properties, and, most importantly, fibrous structure, which resembles the morphology of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. However, they are usually hydrophobic and suffer from a lack of bioactive molecules, which provide good cell adhesion to the scaffold surface. Post-electrospinning surface functionalization allows overcoming these limitations through polar groups covalent incorporation to the fibers surface, with subsequent functionalization with biologically active molecules or direct deposition of the biomolecule solution. Hydrophilic surface functionalization methods are classified into chemical approaches, including wet chemical functionalization and covalent grafting, a physiochemical approach with the use of a plasma treatment, and a physical approach that might be divided into physical adsorption and layer-by-layer assembly. This review discusses the state-of-the-art of hydrophilic surface functionalization strategies of electrospun nanofibers for tissue engineering applications. We highlighted the major advantages and drawbacks of each method, at the same time, pointing out future perspectives and solutions in the hydrophilic functionalization strategies.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers for Improved Angiogenesis: Promises for Tissue Engineering Applications

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simin Nazarnezhad ◽  
Francesco Baino ◽  
Hae-Won Kim ◽  
Thomas J. Webster ◽  
Saeid Kargozar
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Tissue Repair And Regeneration ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds

Angiogenesis (or the development of new blood vessels) is a key event in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine; thus, a number of biomaterials have been developed and combined with stem cells and/or bioactive molecules to produce three-dimensional (3D) pro-angiogenic constructs. Among the various biomaterials, electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds offer great opportunities for pro-angiogenic approaches in tissue repair and regeneration. Nanofibers made of natural and synthetic polymers are often used to incorporate bioactive components (e.g., bioactive glasses (BGs)) and load biomolecules (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) that exert pro-angiogenic activity. Furthermore, seeding of specific types of stem cells (e.g., endothelial progenitor cells) onto nanofibrous scaffolds is considered as a valuable alternative for inducing angiogenesis. The effectiveness of these strategies has been extensively examined both in vitro and in vivo and the outcomes have shown promise in the reconstruction of hard and soft tissues (mainly bone and skin, respectively). However, the translational of electrospun scaffolds with pro-angiogenic molecules or cells is only at its beginning, requiring more research to prove their usefulness in the repair and regeneration of other highly-vascularized vital tissues and organs. This review will cover the latest progress in designing and developing pro-angiogenic electrospun nanofibers and evaluate their usefulness in a tissue engineering and regenerative medicine setting.

Engineered Biomimetic Nanofibers for Regenerative Medicine

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 114-124
Author(s):  
Seeram Ramakrishna ◽  
Jayarama Reddy Venugopal ◽  
Susan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem

Attempts have been made to fabricate nanofibrous scaffolds to mimic the chemical composition and structural properties of extracellular matrix (ECM) for tissue/organ regeneration. Nanofibers with various patterns have been successfully produced from synthetic and natural polymers through a relatively simple technique of electrospinning. The resulting patterns can mimic some of the diverse tissue-specific orientation and three-dimensional (3D) fibrous structure. Studies on cell-nanofiber interactions have revealed the importance of nanotopography on cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Our recent data showed that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as well as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can rapidly and effectively attached to the functionalized nanofibers. Mineralized 3D nanofibrous scaffold with bone marrow derived MSCs has been applied for bone tissue engineering. The use of injectable nanofibers for cardiac tissue engineering applications is attractive as they allow for the encapsulation of cardiomyocytes/MSCs as well as bioactive molecules for the repair of myocardial infarction. Duplicate 3D heart helix microstructure by the nanofibrous cardiac patch might provide functional support for infarcted myocardium. Furthermore, clinical applications of electrospun nanofibers for regenerative medicine are highly feasible due to the ease and flexibility of fabrication with the cost-effective method of making nanofibers.

scholarly journals Translational Application of 3D Bioprinting for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Sophie McGivern ◽  
Halima Boutouil ◽  
Ghayadah Al-Kharusi ◽  
Suzanne Little ◽  
Nicholas J. Dunne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
3D Bioprinting

Cartilage is an avascular tissue with extremely limited self-regeneration capabilities. At present, there are no existing treatments that effectively stop the deterioration of cartilage or reverse its effects; current treatments merely relieve its symptoms and surgical intervention is required when the condition aggravates. Thus, cartilage damage remains an ongoing challenge in orthopaedics with an urgent need for improved treatment options. In recent years, major advances have been made in the development of three-dimensional (3D) bioprinted constructs for cartilage repair applications. 3D bioprinting is an evolutionary additive manufacturing technique that enables the precisely controlled deposition of a combination of biomaterials, cells, and bioactive molecules, collectively known as bioink, layer-by-layer to produce constructs that simulate the structure and function of native cartilage tissue. This review provides an insight into the current developments in 3D bioprinting for cartilage tissue engineering. The bioink and construct properties required for successful application in cartilage repair applications are highlighted. Furthermore, the potential for translation of 3D bioprinted constructs to the clinic is discussed. Overall, 3D bioprinting demonstrates great potential as a novel technique for the fabrication of tissue engineered constructs for cartilage regeneration, with distinct advantages over conventional techniques.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers Applications in Dentistry

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seog-Jin Seo ◽  
Hae-Won Kim ◽  
Jung-Hwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Fiber Alignment ◽  
Cell Homing ◽  
Polymeric Nanofibers

Nanofibrous structures exhibit many interesting features, such as high surface area and surface functionalization and porosity in the range from submicron to nanoscale, which mimics the natural extracellular matrix. In particular, electrospun nanofibers have gained great attention in the field of tissue engineering due to the ease of fabrication and tailorability in pore size, scaffold shape, and fiber alignment. For the reasons, recently, polymeric nanofibers or bioceramic nanoparticle-incorporated nanofibers have been used in dentistry, and their nanostructure and flexibility have contributed to highly promotive cell homing behaviors, resulting in expecting improved dental regeneration. Here, this paper focuses on recently applied electrospun nanofibers in dentistry in the range from the process to the applications.

scholarly journals An update on the Application of Nanotechnology in Bone Tissue Engineering

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 836-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
MF Griffin ◽  
DM Kalaskar ◽  
A. Seifalian ◽  
PE Butler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Native Bone ◽  
Natural Bone ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds

Background:Natural bone is a complex and hierarchical structure. Bone possesses an extracellular matrix that has a precise nano-sized environment to encourage osteoblasts to lay down bone by directing them through physical and chemical cues. For bone tissue regeneration, it is crucial for the scaffolds to mimic the native bone structure. Nanomaterials, with features on the nanoscale have shown the ability to provide the appropriate matrix environment to guide cell adhesion, migration and differentiation.Methods:This review summarises the new developments in bone tissue engineering using nanobiomaterials. The design and selection of fabrication methods and biomaterial types for bone tissue engineering will be reviewed. The interactions of cells with different nanostructured scaffolds will be discussed including nanocomposites, nanofibres and nanoparticles.Results:Several composite nanomaterials have been able to mimic the architecture of natural bone. Bioceramics biomaterials have shown to be very useful biomaterials for bone tissue engineering as they have osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. Nanofibrous scaffolds have the ability to provide the appropriate matrix environment as they can mimic the extracellular matrix structure of bone. Nanoparticles have been used to deliver bioactive molecules and label and track stem cells.Conclusion:Future studies to improve the application of nanomaterials for bone tissue engineering are needed.

scholarly journals Electrospun Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering with Drug Loading and Release

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye ◽  
Kuang ◽  
You ◽  
Morsi ◽  
Mo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Loading Methods

Electrospinning technologies have been applied in the field of tissue engineering as materials, with nanoscale-structures and high porosity, can be easily prepared via this method to bio-mimic the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). Tissue engineering aims to fabricate functional biomaterials for the repairment and regeneration of defective tissue. In addition to the structural simulation for accelerating the repair process and achieving a high-quality regeneration, the combination of biomaterials and bioactive molecules is required for an ideal tissue-engineering scaffold. Due to the diversity in materials and method selection for electrospinning, a great flexibility in drug delivery systems can be achieved. Various drugs including antibiotic agents, vitamins, peptides, and proteins can be incorporated into electrospun scaffolds using different electrospinning techniques and drug-loading methods. This is a review of recent research on electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue-engineering applications, the development of preparation methods, and the delivery of various bioactive molecules. These studies are based on the fabrication of electrospun biomaterials for the repair of blood vessels, nerve tissues, cartilage, bone defects, and the treatment of aneurysms and skin wounds, as well as their applications related to oral mucosa and dental fields. In these studies, due to the optimal selection of drugs and loading methods based on electrospinning, in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that these scaffolds exhibited desirable effects for the repair and treatment of damaged tissue and, thus, have excellent potential for clinical application.

Electrospun Nanofibers for Diabetes: Tissue Engineering and Cell-Based Therapies

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Hoveizi ◽  
Shima Tavakol ◽  
Sadegh Shirian ◽  
Khadije Sanamiri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease which causes loss of insulin secretion producing hyperglycemia by promoting progressive destruction of pancreatic β cells. An ideal therapeutic approach to manage diabetes mellitus is pancreatic β cells replacement. The aim of this review article was to evaluate the role of nanofibrous scaffolds and stem cells in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Various studies have pointed out that application of electrospun biomaterials has considerably attracted researchers in the field of tissue engineering. The principles of cell therapy for diabetes have been reviewed in the first part of this article, while the usability of tissue engineering as a new therapeutic approach is discussed in the second part.

scholarly journals Biocompatible Electrospun Polycaprolactone-Polyaniline Scaffold Treated with Atmospheric Plasma to Improve Hydrophilicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Michela Licciardello ◽  
Gianluca Ciardelli ◽  
Chiara Tonda-Turo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Hydrophilic Surface ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Cells Cultured

Conductive polymers (CPs) have recently been applied in the development of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications in attempt to induce additional cues able to enhance tissue growth. Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most widely studied CPs, but it requires to be blended with other polymers in order to be processed through conventional technologies. Here, we propose the fabrication of nanofibers based on a polycaprolactone (PCL)-PANI blend obtained using electrospinning technology. An extracellular matrix-like fibrous substrate was obtained showing a good stability in the physiological environment (37 °C in PBS solution up 7 days). However, since the high hydrophobicity of the PCL-PANI mats (133.5 ± 2.2°) could negatively affect the biological response, a treatment with atmospheric plasma was applied on the nanofibrous mats, obtaining a hydrophilic surface (67.1 ± 2°). In vitro tests were performed to confirm the viability and the physiological-like morphology of human foreskin fibroblast (HFF-1) cells cultured on the plasma treated PCL-PANI nanofibrous scaffolds.

Evaluation of PCL/GE-Based Electrospun Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Application

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lor Huai Chong ◽  
Mim Mim Lim ◽  
Naznin Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Nanofibrous Scaffolds ◽  
Solution Parameters

Scaffold provides a suitable medium for cell growing and drug delivery while enhancing the cell transplantation efficiency. In this project, nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated through electrospinning of Polycaprolactone (PCL) and Gelatin (GE). Processing parameters and solution parameters were optimized to achieve the desired properties of PCL/GE nanofibers. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), water contact angle and Attenuated Total Reflectance–Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were implemented to characterize the fabricated nanofibers. It was found that 14% w/v PCL/GE shows the best fibers’ diameter, pore size, contact angle and less bead formation. This sample is suitable to be further investigated for the application of tissue engineering (TE) and drug delivery system (DDS).

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