scholarly journals Fabrication of High-Quality Polymer Composite Frame by a New Method of Fiber Winding Process

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1037
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Mlýnek ◽  
Michal Petrů ◽  
Tomáš Martinec ◽  
Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composite ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Differential Evolution Algorithm ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Composite Manufacturing ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Composite Frame ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Line Trajectory

Polymer composite frame has been frequently used in the main structural body of vehicles in aerospace, automotive, etc., applications. Manufacturing of complex curved composite frame suffer from the lack of accurate and optimum method of winding process that lead to preparation of uniform fiber arrangement in critical location of the curved frame. This article deals with the fabrication of high-quality polymer composite frame through an optimal winding of textile fibers onto a non-bearing core frame using a fiber-processing head and an industrial robot. The number of winding layers of fibers and their winding angles are determined based on the operational load on the composite structure. Ensuring the correct winding angles and thus also the homogeneity of fibers in each winding layer can be achieved by using an industrial robot and by definition of its suitable off-line trajectory for the production cycle. Determination of an optimal off-line trajectory of the end-effector of a robot (robot-end-effector (REE)) is important especially in the case of complicated 3D shaped frames. The authors developed their own calculation procedure to determine the optimal REE trajectory in the composite manufacturing process. A mathematical model of the winding process, matrix calculus (particularly matrices of rotations and translations) and an optimization differential evolution algorithm are used during calculation of the optimal REE trajectory. Polymer composites with greater resistance to failure damage (especially against physical destruction) can be produced using the above mentioned procedure. The procedure was successfully tested in an experimental composite laboratory. Two practical examples of optimal trajectory calculation are included in the article. The described optimization algorithm of REE trajectory is completely independent of the industrial robot type and robot software tools used and can also be used in other composite manufacturing technologies.

scholarly journals Fabrication of High-Quality Straight-Line Polymer Composite Frame with Different Radius Parts Using Fiber Winding Process

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 497
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Mlýnek ◽  
Seyed Saeid Rahimian Koloor ◽  
Tomáš Martinec ◽  
Michal Petrů
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Guide Line ◽  
Composite Frames ◽  
Composite Frame ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Fiber Winding ◽  
Fiber Processing

The extraordinary features of fibrous composites enable advanced industries to design composite structures with superior performance compared to traditional structures. Composite frame structures have been designed frequently as components of mechanical systems to resist lateral and gravity loads. The manufacturing of high-quality composite frames depends primarily on the accurate fiber winding on frames with different pro-files and curved shapes. The optimal fiber winding process on a nonbearing composite frame with a circular cross-section is described in previous works by the same authors. As an extension to that, this study focuses on the manufacturing of straight-line composite frames with different profile radii at multiple locations. Such production procedure allows continuous winding of fibers gradually on individual parts of the frame and generally with different angles of fiber winding. The winding procedure is performed using fiber-processing head and industrial robot. The procedure for calculating the distance of the winding plane of fibers on the frame from the guide-line of the fiber-processing head is targeted. This distance depends on the required angle of fiber winding, the radius of the frame, and the geometric parameters of the fiber-processing head. The coordination of the speed of winding the fibers on the frame and the speed of the passage of the frame through the winding head is also considered. Determining the correct distance of winding the fibers from the corresponding guide-line of fiber-processing head and right coordination of the winding speed and the speed of passage of the frame through the fiber-processing head ensure compliance of the required angles of fiber windings on the frame and homogeneity of winding fibers, which are the two of the most important prerequisites for producing a quality composite frame. The derived theory is well verified on a practical experimental example.

Finding Features of Positioning Error for Large Industrial Robots Based on Convolutional Neural Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Kato ◽  
Kenya Yoshitugu ◽  
Naoki Maeda ◽  
Toshiki Hirogaki ◽  
Eiichi Aoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Robot Motion ◽  
Positioning Error ◽  
End Effector

Abstract Most industrial robots are taught using the teaching playback method; therefore, they are unsuitable for use in variable production systems. Although offline teaching methods have been developed, they have not been practiced because of the low accuracy of the position and posture of the end-effector. Therefore, many studies have attempted to calibrate the position and posture but have not reached a practical level, as such methods consider the joint angle when the robot is stationary rather than the features during robot motion. Currently, it is easy to obtain servo information under numerical control operations owing to the Internet of Things technologies. In this study, we propose a method for obtaining servo information during robot motion and converting it into images to find features using a convolutional neural network (CNN). Herein, a large industrial robot was used. The three-dimensional coordinates of the end-effector were obtained using a laser tracker. The positioning error of the robot was accurately learned by the CNN. We extracted the features of the points where the positioning error was extremely large. By extracting the features of the X-axis positioning error using the CNN, the joint 1 current is a feature. This indicates that the vibration current in joint 1 is a factor in the X-axis positioning error.

scholarly journals A Review on Additive Manufacturing of Micromixing Devices

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Marina Garcia-Cardosa ◽  
Francisco-Javier Granados-Ortiz ◽  
Joaquín Ortega-Casanova
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

In recent years, additive manufacturing has gained importance in a wide range of research applications such as medicine, biotechnology, engineering, etc. It has become one of the most innovative and high-performance manufacturing technologies of the moment. This review aims to show and discuss the characteristics of different existing additive manufacturing technologies for the construction of micromixers, which are devices used to mix two or more fluids at microscale. The present manuscript discusses all the choices to be made throughout the printing life cycle of a micromixer in order to achieve a high-quality microdevice. Resolution, precision, materials, and price, amongst other relevant characteristics, are discussed and reviewed in detail for each printing technology. Key information, suggestions, and future prospects are provided for manufacturing of micromixing machines based on the results from this review.

Freshwater pearl culture in China.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Cao
Keyword(s):  
Shell Length ◽  
Culture Period ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Genetic Quality ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Artificial Breeding

Abstract Artificial breeding of freshwater pearl mussels is widely used to improve the yield of pearl culture. All phases of the production cycle, including collection and culture of the broodstock, release of the glochidia, provision of the host fish for glochidia to attach to, and collection of mussel seeds, can be controlled artificially. The advantages of artificial breeding are that it can help to produce high quality pearls and improve the genetic quality of pearl mussels. Collected mussel seed are transferred from holding jars into small 200 µm mesh baskets (10 cm diameter x 5 cm). Each basket was supplied individually with 0.1-0.2 L of water per minute. When the mussels' shell length reaches over 10 cm, they can be operated to culture pearl. After post-operative care the implanted mussels are stocked in ponds. The mussels are kept in nylon bags (2 mussels per bag) and are hung from bamboo or PVC pipes and placed in ponds at 1 m depth. Periodical checking of mussels, with removal of dead ones and cleaning of bags, is required throughout the culture period of 12-18 months.

scholarly journals Modular fastening system and tool–holder working unit for incremental forming

2019 ◽  
Vol 299 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
Melania Tera ◽  
Claudia–Emilia Gîrjob ◽  
Cristina–Maria Biriș ◽  
Mihai Crenganiș
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Incremental Forming ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Tool Holder ◽  
Cnc Milling Machine ◽  
Milling Machines ◽  
Sheet Metal Workpiece

Incremental forming can be usually unfolded either on CNC milling machine–tools or serial industrial robots. The approach proposed in this paper tackles the problem of designing a modular fastening system, which can be adapted for both above mentioned technological equipment. The fastening system of the sheet–metal workpiece is composed of a fixing plate and a retaining plate. The fixing and retaining plates will be made up of different individual elements, which can be easily repositioned to obtain different sizes of the part. Moreover, the fastening system has to be able to be positioned either horizontally (to be fitted on CNC milling machines) or vertically (to be fitted on industrial robots. The paper also presents the design of a tool–holder working unit which will be fitted on KUKA KR 210 industrial robot. The working unit will be mounted as end–effector of the robot and will bear the punch, driving it on the processing toolpaths.

scholarly journals Innovations in Smart Packaging Concepts for Food: An Extensive Review

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1628
Author(s):  
Emanuela Drago ◽  
Roberta Campardelli ◽  
Margherita Pettinato ◽  
Patrizia Perego
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Active Component ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Packaging System ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Packaged Food ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Quality And Shelf Life

Innovation in food packaging is mainly represented by the development of active and intelligent packing technologies, which offer to deliver safer and high-quality food products. Active packaging refers to the incorporation of active component into the package with the aim of maintaining or extending the product quality and shelf-life. The intelligent systems are able to monitor the condition of packaged food in order to provide information about the quality of the product during transportation and storage. These packaging technologies can also work synergistically to yield a multipurpose food packaging system. This review is a critical and up-dated analysis of the results reported in the literature about this fascinating and growing field of research. Several aspects are considered and organized going from the definitions and the regulations, to the specific functions and the technological aspects regarding the manufacturing technologies, in order to have a complete overlook on the overall topic.

scholarly journals Online pose correction of an industrial robot using an optical coordinate measure machine system

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 172988141878791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepehr Gharaaty ◽  
Tingting Shu ◽  
Ahmed Joubair ◽  
Wen Fang Xie ◽  
Ilian A Bonev
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Spot Welding ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
End Effector ◽  
Proportional Integral ◽  
Accuracy Requirement ◽  
Robot Controller ◽  
Correction Scheme

In this article, a dynamic pose correction scheme is proposed to enhance the pose accuracy of industrial robots. The dynamic pose correction scheme uses the dynamic pose measurements as feedback to accurately guide the robot end-effector to the desired pose. The pose is measured online with an optical coordinate measure machine, that is, C-Track 780 from Creaform. A root mean square method is proposed to filter the noise from the pose measurements. The dynamic pose correction scheme adopts proportional-integral-derivaitve controller and generates commands to the FANUC robot controller. The developed dynamic pose correction scheme has been tested on two industrial robots, FANUC LR Mate 200iC and FANUC M20iA. The experimental results on both robots demonstrate that the robots can reach the desired pose with an accuracy of ±0.050 mm for position and ±0.050° for orientation. As a result, the developed pose correction can make the industrial robots meet higher accuracy requirement in the applications such as riveting, drilling, and spot welding.

scholarly journals Possible Applications of Additive Manufacturing Technologies in Shipbuilding: A Review

Machines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Marcin Ziółkowski ◽  
Tomasz Dyl
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
3D Printing Technology ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
Very High

3D printing conquers new branches of production due to becoming a more reliable and professional method of manufacturing. The benefits of additive manufacturing such as part optimization, weight reduction, and ease of prototyping were factors accelerating the popularity of 3D printing. Additive manufacturing has found its niches, inter alia, in automotive, aerospace and dentistry. Although further research in those branches is still required, in some specific applications, additive manufacturing (AM) can be beneficial. It has been proven that additively manufactured parts have the potential to out perform the conventionally manufactured parts due to their mechanical properties; however, they must be designed for specific 3D printing technology, taking into account its limitations. The maritime industry has a long-standing tradition and is based on old, reliable techniques; therefore it implements new solutions very carefully. Besides, shipbuilding has to face very high classification requirements that force the use of technologies that guarantee repeatability and high quality. This paper provides information about current R&D works in the field of implementing AM in shipbuilding, possible benefits, opportunities and threats of implementation.

scholarly journals Analysis of flexible supported industrial robot on terminal accuracy

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 172988141879302
Author(s):  
Liping Wang ◽  
Lian Chen ◽  
Zhufeng Shao ◽  
Liwen Guan ◽  
Li Du
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Suppression ◽  
Industrial Robot ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Flexible Support ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Large Structures ◽  
Robot Systems ◽  
Motion Range

To meet comprehensive performance requirements of large workspace, lightweight, and low energy consumption, and flexible supported industrial robots emerge, which are usually composed of a six-degrees-of-rotational-freedom (6R) industrial robot and a flexible support. Flexible support greatly expands the motion range of the attached industrial robot. Flexible supported industrial robots have been adopted in surface coating of large structures such as aircrafts and rockets. However, the rigid–flexible coupling exists in these robot systems. When the industrial robot moves, the reaction force and torque of the robot disturb the flexible support and introduce vibration, which may result in the deterioration of the system’s terminal accuracy. This study focuses on both the robot body accuracy and system vibration suppression to improve the terminal accuracy of the flexible supported industrial robot. Firstly, based on kinematics analysis, accuracy of the industrial robot is investigated with the local conditioning index. Then, reaction force and torque ellipsoids are proposed with the deduced dynamic model to evaluate disturbances that the industrial robot applies to the flexible support. Considering these two aspects, the high-quality workspace of the flexible supported industrial robot is established. Numerical simulations show that reaction force and torque are effectively limited in the high-quality workspace, which greatly reduce the vibration energy and improve the terminal accuracy of the system.

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