scholarly journals Performance of Straw/Linear Low Density Polyethylene Composite Prepared with Film-Roll Hot Pressing

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Huicheng Xu ◽  
Weihong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polyethylene Composite ◽  
Extrusion Method

Thermoplastic composites are usually prepared with the extrusion method, and straw reinforcement material must be processed to fiber or powder. In this study, film-roll hot pressing was developed to reinforce linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) with long continuous straw stems. The long straw stems were wrapped with LLDPE film and then hot pressed and cooled to prepare straw/LLDPE composite. Extruded straw fiber/LLDPE composite was prepared as a control. The mechanical properties of these LLDPE-based composites were evaluated. The hot pressed straw/LLDPE composite provided higher tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength than the traditional extruded straw/LLDPE composite, by 335%, 107%, 68%, 57%, and 181%, respectively, reaching 35.1 MPa, 2.65 GPa, 3.8 MPa, 2.15 GPa, and 25.1 KJ/m2. The density of the hot pressed straw/LLDPE composite (0.83 g/cm3) was lower than that of the extruded straw/LLDPE composite (1.31 g/cm3), and the former had a higher ratio of strength-to-weight. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that the orientation of the straws in the composite was better with the new method. Differential scanning calorimetry tests revealed that in hot pressed straw/LLDPE composite, straw fibers have a greater resistance to the melting of LLDPE than extruded composite. Rotary rheometer tests showed that the storage modulus of the hot pressed straw/LLDPE was less affected by frequency than that of the extruded composite, and the better elastic characteristics were pronounced at 150 °C. The hot pressed straw/LLDPE composite absorbed more water than the extruded composite and showed a potential ability to regulate the surrounding relative humidity. Our results showed that straw from renewable sources can be used to produce composites with good performance.

Impact of hybrid nanosilica and nanoclay on the properties of palm rachis-reinforced recycled linear low-density polyethylene composites

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572094421
Author(s):  
Wagih Abdel Alim Sadik ◽  
Abdel Ghaffar Maghraby El Demerdash ◽  
Rafik Abbas ◽  
Alaa Bedir
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Hybrid Nanoparticles ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Blending Method

The main goal of this work was to assess the technical feasibility of palm rachis (PR) as a reinforcing agent in the production of wood–plastic composites. Recycled linear low-density polyethylene/PR fiber composites were prepared at constant content (3 phc (per hundred compounds)) of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene as compatibilizer by melt blending method utilizing a two-roll mill and compression molding. The effect of nanosilica (NS), nanoclay (NC), and hybrid nanoparticles (NSNC) at different concentrations (2, 4, and 6 phc) on mechanical, physical, thermal, and morphological properties was investigated. The results of mechanical properties measurements demonstrated that when 6 phc NS, 4 phc NC, and 4 phc NSNC were added, tensile, modulus strength, and hardness reached their optimum values. At a high level of NC loading (6 phc), the increased populace of NC layers led to agglomeration and stress transfer gets restricted. Elongation at break and Izod impact strength were decreased by the incorporation of different nanoparticles. Water absorption and thickness swelling of prepared composites were found to decrease on the incorporation of NS and NC. In addition, the thermal stability showed slightly improved by the addition of nanoparticles, but there are no perceptible changes in the values of melting temperature by increasing the content of NS and NC or NSNC. Scanning electron microscopy study approved the good interaction of the PR fibers with the polymer matrix as well as the effectiveness of NS and NC in the improvement of the interaction. The finding indicated that wood–plastic composite treated by NS had the highest properties than other composites.

Degradation of epoxidized natural rubber compatibilized linear low density polyethylene/ soya powder blends: the effect of natural weathering

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 579-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.T. Sam ◽  
H. Ismail ◽  
H.P.S. Abdul Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Natural Weathering ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Powder Blends ◽  
Compatibilized Blends

Abstract In the present study, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/soya powder blends were compatibilized with epoxidized natural rubber (ENR 50) and exposed to natural weathering. The exposure period for the blends was 1 year. It was found that the degradability of the compatibilized blends was higher than that of uncompatibilized blends. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, the tensile test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to analyze the degradability of the blends. IR spectra showed that the carbonyl index (CI) of the blends increased as a function of exposure period and soya powder content. The compatibilized blends gave higher carbonyl indices. The retention tensile strength and elongation at break (Eb) of the compatibilized blends after weathering was generally lower than for the uncompatibilized blends. The increase of crystallinity also indicated a reduction of the amorphous portion after degradation. The higher crystallinity in compatibilized blends further confirms the higher degradability of ENR 50 compatibilized blends. The weight loss and molecular weight change indicated that the incorporation of ENR 50 into LLDPE/soya powder blends can enhance the degradability of the blends upon outdoor exposure.

Thermal Properties of Linear-Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)/Soya Spent Powder Blends with the Addition of Epoxidised Natural Rubber

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.T. Sam ◽  
N.Z. Noriman ◽  
S. Ragunathan ◽  
O.H. Lin ◽  
H. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Powder Composites ◽  
Powder Content ◽  
Internal Mixer

Soya spent powder as an inexpensive and renewable source has been used as a filler for linear-low density polyethylene (LLDPE) in this study. Linear-low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/soya spent powder composites were prepared by using Haake internal mixer. The mixing time was 10 minutes at 150°C with rotor speed 50 rpm. Epoxidised natural rubber (ENR 50) has been used as a compatibilizer in the present study. The thermal properties of the LLDPE/soya spent powder composites with and without ENR were studied with a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crystallinity of the LLDPE/soya spent powder composites decreased with increasing soya spent powder content. However, the addition of ENR 50 as a compatibilizer increased the crystallinity of the LLDPE/soya spent powder composites.

scholarly journals Influence of High-Concentration LLDPE on the Manufacturing Process and Morphology of Pitch/LLDPE Fibres

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Salem Mohammed Aldosari ◽  
Muhammad A. Khan ◽  
Sameer Rahatekar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Study ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

A high modulus of elasticity is a distinctive feature of carbon fibres produced from mesophase pitch. In this work, we expand our previous study of pitch/linear low-density polyethylene blend fibres, increasing the concentration of the linear low-density polyethylene in the blend into the range of from 30 to 90 wt%. A scanning electron microscope study showed two distinct phases in the fibres: one linear low-density polyethylene, and the other pitch fibre. Unique morphologies of the blend were observed. They ranged from continuous microfibres of pitch embedded in linear low-density polyethylene (occurring at high concentrations of pitch) to a discontinuous region showing the presence of spherical pitch nodules (at high concentrations of linear low-density polyethylene). The corresponding mechanical properties—such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, and strain at failure—of different concentrations of linear low-density polyethylene in the pitch fibre were measured and are reported here. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to investigate how the increased linear low-density polyethylene content affected the thermal stability of linear low-density polyethylene/pitch fibres. It is shown that selecting appropriate linear low-density polyethylene concentrations is required, depending on the requirement of thermal stability and mechanical properties of the fibres. Our study offers new and useful guidance to the scientific community to help select the appropriate combinations of linear low-density polyethylene/pitch blend concentrations based on the required mechanical property and thermal stability of the fibres.

Tensile Properties and Morphological Studies of Kenaf-Filled Linear Low Density Polyethylene/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) (LLDPE/PVA/KNF) Composites: The Effects of KNF Loading

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Ling Pang ◽  
Hanafi Ismail ◽  
Azhar Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Internal Mixer

Tensile properties and morphological studies of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/kenaf (KNF) composites were investigated. The composites with different KNF loading (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 phr) were prepared using a Thermo Haake Polydrive internal mixer at 150°C and 50 rpm for 10 min. The results indicated that tensile strength and elongation at break were decreased with increasing KNF loading, whereas tensile modulus showed the opposite trend. Tensile fractured surfaces observed by scanning electron microscopy showed better interfacial adhesion between LLDPE/PVA and KNF at 10 phr KNF loading.

Enhanced mechanical properties of a multiwall carbon nanotube attached pre-stitched graphene oxide filled linear low density polyethylene composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 2681-2689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Hoon Kim ◽  
Tapas Kuila ◽  
Joong Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Polyethylene Composite ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Multiwall Carbon ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

Multi-walled carbon nanotube attached pre-stitched graphene oxide used as a reinforcing filler in linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) composite. The tensile strength of the composite with 1 wt. % filler was enhanced dramatically by 148.7% compared to that of the neat LLDPE.

Hemp Fibers Waste and Linear Low Density Polyethylene Composite Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Zane Zelca ◽  
Silvija Kukle ◽  
Janis Kajaks ◽  
Marija Geikina-Geimana
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Melt Flow Index ◽  
Lubricant Additive ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Melt Flow ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Polyethylene Composite

Influence of the composite preparing technology and filler type (hemp waste and hemp fibres) on the performance characteristics (melt flow index and water resistance) of the composites based on a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was investigated. The best melt flow index (MFI) results were achieved when as composites preparing method extrusion and two rolls mill with lubricant additive combination were used. It is established that usage of extrusion mixing method of the hemp fibers containing LLDPE composites significantly affects materials melts fluidity evaluated by values of MFI and quality of extruded profile. The lowest fluidity was observed for composite with hemp waste prepared by two rolls mill processing method. The best water resistance was observed for composites with lubricant and for their preparing two rolls mill and extrusion processing methods combination was used.

Quantitative analysis of the polymeric blends

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Kisiel ◽  
Beata Mossety-Leszczak ◽  
Agnieszka Frańczak ◽  
Dominik Szczęch
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Linear Correlation ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polyethylene Blends ◽  
Polymeric Blends

A method of quantitative analysis of polypropylene/linear low density polyethylene blends was determined by using differential scanning calorimetry. The samples were prepared by means of extrusion process. The method of quantitative analysis was based on the principle that the melting enthalpies of the components in the mixture are proportional to their amount, but it has been found that the presence of two polymers in the blend has influence on the crystallization of its components. Previous studies seemed to neglect this phenomenon, so a linear correlation allowing to eliminate discrepancies between calculated and actual quantitative blend composition has been developed. This approach was proven to be more accurate than earlier directly proportional enthalpy—quantity dependence.

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