scholarly journals Impact of Chemical Post-Processing in Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) on Polylactic Acid (PLA) Surface Quality and Structure

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Valerga ◽  
Moises Batista ◽  
Severo Fernandez-Vidal ◽  
Antonio Gamez
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Biodegradable Material ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Property Changes

The application of techniques to improve the surface finish of pieces obtained by fused deposition modelling, as well as other functional aspects, is of great interest nowadays. Polylactic acid, a biodegradable material, has been considered a possible substitute for petroleum-based polymers. In this work, different chemical post-processing methods are applied to polylactic acid pieces obtained by fused deposition modelling and some characteristics are studied. Structural, thermal, and crystallinity property changes are analyzed according to the treatments applied. This can prevent degradation, eliminate the glass transition phase of the material, and thereby increase the thermal resistance by about 50 °C. An improvement in the roughness of the pieces of up to 97% was also found.

The Study and Development of Factor Affecting the Smoothness in 3D Printed Part Surface Treatment via Acetone Vapor

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 174-180
Author(s):  
Ramil Kesvarakul ◽  
Khompee Limpadapun
Keyword(s):  
Surface Finish ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Dramatic Improvement ◽  
Acetone Vapor ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Fused Deposition

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) has been extensively used in low-cost printers. However, the fundamental working principle (layered manufacturing) is resulted in the poor quality of the surface texture, the dimensional inaccuracy of fabricated parts, the limits its domain all issues often take place in precision industrial applications. In this paper, initially FDM based acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) model have been fabricated. In the post-processing stage, the vapor of acetone has been applied to the specimen. Then the changes in the surface finish and surface roughness have been investigated. The study highlighted that the post-processing of ABS specimen with acetone vapor treatment resulted in dramatic improvement of surface finish. Finally, parameter setting that gave the acceptable results while considering all the responses simultaneously.

Investigations for improving the surface finish of FDM based ABS replicas by chemical vapor smoothing process: a case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Singh ◽  
Rupinder Singh ◽  
Harwinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Processing Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition

Purpose This research work aims to make an effort to investigate the effect of fused deposition modelling (FDM) process parameters on the surface finish of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) replicas (as pre-processing stage), followed by chemical vapor smoothing (CVS) process (as a post-processing stage) as a case study. Design/methodology/approach The Taguchi L18 orthogonal array has been used for optimizing process parameters of FDM and CVS processes. Findings This study highlights that orientation and part density, and the interaction between these two have a significant effect on the surface finish at the pre-processing stage of FDM. However, after post-processing with CVS, there is hardly any influence of pre-processing FDM parameters. Originality/value The study highlights that for improving the productivity of the FDM process, the parametric optimization of process may be made on the basis of production cost and time in place of surface finish of ABS replicas. The results obtained have been verified by performing the confirmation experiments.

scholarly journals Study of Surface Properties of Fused Deposition Modelling Parts

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Keyword(s):  
Surface Finish ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Processing Techniques

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most commonly used Additive Manufacturing (AM) methods for converting 3D designs into physical models. The printing head melts the thermoplastic material and then extrudes the melted material through the extrusion nozzle layer by layer until the final 3D object is obtained. The build material used here is acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). The layer by layer addition of the material results in an uneven surface finish of the final product. Studies have shown that the post processing techniques like coating will have a positive impact on the surface finish as well as hardness. In this study, the specimen for the coating processes were printed as per the ASTM standards (ASTM D2240, ASTM D256) needed for mechanical tests. Different post processing techniques involving sputtering, spray painting and acetone dipping were carried out with a negligible change in specimen thickness. The samples were either coated with Copper, or dipped in acetone to smoothen the surface. These coated specimens were then tested for roughness & hardness and the results showed significant improvements. A comparison has been made between the results of different post processing techniques in order to determine the most suitable process.

Effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of 3D printed polylactic acid parts

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Pulkin Gupta ◽  
Sudha Kumari ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
Ankit Kumar Sinha ◽  
Prashant Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Recrystallization Temperature ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Dog Bone ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is a layer-by-layer manufacturing process type of 3D-printing (3DP). Significant variation in the mechanical properties of 3D printed specimens is observed because of varied process parameters and interfacial bonding between consecutive layers. This study investigates the influence of heat treatment on the mechanical strength of FDM 3D printed Polylactic acid (PLA) parts with constant 3DP parameters and ambient conditions. To meet the objectives, 7 sets, each containing 5 dog-bone shaped samples, were fabricated from commercially available PLA filament. Each set was subjected to heat treatment at a particular temperature for 1 h and cooled in the furnace itself, while one set was left un-treated. The temperature for heat treatment (Th) varied from 30 °C to 130 °C with increments of 10 °C. The heat-treated samples were characterized under tensile loading of 400 N and mechanical properties like Young’s modulus (E), Strain % ( ε ) and Stiffness (k) were evaluated. On comparing the mechanical properties of heat-treated samples to un-treated samples, significant improvements were observed. Heat treatment also altered the geometries of the samples. Mechanical properties improved by 4.88 % to 10.26 % with the maximum being at Th of 110 °C and below recrystallization temperature (Tr) of 65 °C. Deformations also decreased significantly at higher temperatures above 100 °C, by a maximum of 36.06 %. The dimensions of samples showed a maximum decrease of 1.08 % in Tr range and a maximum decrease of 0.31 % in weight at the same temperature. This study aims to benefit the society by establishing suitable Th to recover the lost strength in PLA based FDM 3D printed parts.

Effect of cold vapour treatment on geometric accuracy of fused deposition modelling parts

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1226-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashu Garg ◽  
Anirban Bhattacharya ◽  
Ajay Batish
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Curved Surfaces ◽  
Geometric Accuracy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Cold Vapour ◽  
Side Face ◽  
Functional Components

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of low-cost chemical vapour treatment process on geometric accuracy and surface roughness of different curved and freeform surfaces of fused deposition modelling (FDM) specimens build at different part building orientations. Design/methodology/approach Parts with different primitive and curved surfaces are designed and modelled to build at three different part orientations along X orientation (vertical position resting on side face), Y orientation (horizontal position resting on base) and Z orientation (upright position). Later, the parts are post-processed by cold vapours of acetone. Geometric accuracy and surface roughness are measured both before and after the chemical treatment to investigate the change in geometric accuracy, surface roughness of FDM parts. Findings The results indicate that surface roughness is reduced immensely after cold vapour treatment with minimum variation in geometric accuracy of parts. Parts build vertically over its side face (X orientation) provides the overall better surface finish and geometric accuracy. Originality/value The present study provides an approach of post-built treatment for FDM parts and observes a significant improvement in surface finish of the components. The present approach of post-built treatment can be adopted to enhance the surface quality as well as to achieve desired geometric accuracy for different primitive, freeform/curved surfaces of FDM samples suitable for functional components as well as prototypes.

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