scholarly journals Improved Physicochemical Stability and High Ion Transportation of Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone) Blocks Containing a Fluorinated Hydrophobic Part for Anion Exchange Membrane Applications

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Chu ◽  
Kyu Lee ◽  
Ae Kim ◽  
Dong Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Physical Stability ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Physicochemical Stability ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A series of anion exchange membranes composed of partially fluorinated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (PAESs) multiblock copolymers bearing quaternary ammonium groups were synthesized with controlled lengths of the hydrophilic precursor and hydrophobic oligomer via direct polycondensation. The chloromethylation and quaternization proceeded well by optimizing the reaction conditions to improve hydroxide conductivity and physical stability, and the fabricated membranes were very flexible and transparent. Atomic force microscope images of quaternized PAES (QN-PAES) membranes showed excellent hydrophilic/hydrophobic phase separation and distinct ion transition channels. An extended architecture of phase separation was observed by increasing the hydrophilic oligomer length, which resulted in significant improvements in the water uptake, ion exchange capacity, and hydroxide conductivity. Furthermore, the open circuit voltage (OCV) of QN-PAES X10Y23 and X10Y13 was found to be above 0.9 V, and the maximum power density of QN-PAES X10Y13 was 131.7 mW cm−2 at 60 °C under 100% RH.

scholarly journals Anion Exchange Membranes Obtained from Poly(arylene ether sulfone) Block Copolymers Comprising Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Segments

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ha Kim ◽  
Mohanraj Vinothkannan ◽  
Ae Rhan Kim ◽  
Dong Jin Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Degree Of Substitution ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The anion exchange membrane may have different physical and chemical properties, electrochemical performance and mechanical stability depending upon the monomer structure, hydrophilicity and hydrophobic repeating unit, surface form and degree of substitution of functional groups. In current work, poly(arylene ether sulfone) (PAES) block copolymer was created and used as the main chain. After controlling the amount of NBS, the degree of bromination (DB) was changed in Br-PAES. Following that, quaternized PAES (Q-PAES) was synthesized through quaternization. Q-PAES showed a tendency of enhancing water content, expansion rate, ion exchange capacity (IEC) as the degree of substitution of functional groups increased. However, it was confirmed that tensile strength and dimensional properties of membrane reduced while swelling degree was increased. In addition, phase separation of membrane was identified by atomic force microscope (AFM) image, while ionic conductivity is greatly affected by phase separation. The Q-PAES membrane demonstrated a reasonable power output of around 64 mW/cm2 while employed as electrolyte in fuel cell operation.

scholarly journals Novel Anion Exchange Membrane Based on Poly(Pentafluorostyrene) Substituted with Mercaptotetrazole Pendant Groups and Its Blend with Polybenzimidazole for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Applications

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 915
Author(s):  
Hyeongrae Cho ◽  
Vladimir Atanasov ◽  
Henning M. Krieg ◽  
Jochen A. Kerres
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Blend Membranes ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox

In order to evaluate the performance of the anion exchange membranes in a vanadium redox flow battery, a novel anion exchange polymer was synthesized via a three step process. Firstly, 1-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-5-mercaptotetrazole was grafted onto poly(pentafluorostyrene) by nucleophilic F/S exchange. Secondly, the tertiary amino groups were quaternized by using iodomethane to provide anion exchange sites. Finally, the synthesized polymer was blended with polybenzimidazole to be applied in vanadium redox flow battery. The blend membranes exhibited better single cell battery performance in terms of efficiencies, open circuit voltage test and charge-discharge cycling test than that of a Nafion 212 membrane. The battery performance results of synthesized blend membranes suggest that those novel anion exchange membranes are promising candidates for vanadium redox flow batteries.

scholarly journals A Novel Anion Exchange Membrane for Bisulfite Anion Separation by Grafting a Quaternized Moiety through BPPO via Thermal-Induced Phase Separation

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5782
Author(s):  
Md Mofasserul Alam ◽  
Yaoming Wang ◽  
Chenxiao Jiang ◽  
Tingting Xu ◽  
Yahua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alkali Medium ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Anion Separation ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Ion-exchange membranes are the core elements for an electrodialysis (ED) separation process. Phase inversion is an effective method, particularly for commercial membrane production. It introduces two different mechanisms, i.e., thermal induced phase separation (TIPS) and diffusion induced phase separation (DIPS). In this study, anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were prepared by grafting a quaternized moiety (QM,2-[dimethylaminomethyl]naphthalen-1-ol) through brominated poly (2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (BPPO) via the TIPS method. Those membranes were applied for selective bisulfite (HSO3−) anion separation using ED. The membrane surface morphology was characterized by SEM, and the compositions were magnified using a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). Notably, the membranes showed excellent substance stability in an alkali medium and in grafting tests performed in a QM-soluble solvent. The ED experiment indicated that the as-prepared membrane exhibited better HSO3− separation performance than the state-of-the-art commercial Neosepta AMX (ASTOM, Japan) membrane.

Fundamental characteristics study of anion-exchange PVDF–SiO2 membranes

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2343-2348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingtao Zuo ◽  
Wenxin Shi ◽  
Shuili Yu ◽  
Jiajie He
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Alkaline Membrane ◽  
Exchange Membrane

A new type of poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)–SiO2 hybrid anion-exchange membrane was prepared by blending method. The anion-exchange groups were introduced by the reaction of epoxy groups with trimethylamine (TMA). Contact angle between water and the membrane surface was measured to characterize the hydrophilicity change of the membrane surface. The effects of nano-sized SiO2 particles in the membrane-forming materials on the membrane mechanical properties and conductivity were also investigated. The experimental results indicated that PVDF–SiO2 anion-exchange membranes exhibited better water content, ion-exchange capacity, conductivity and mechanic properties, and so may find potential applications in alkaline membrane fuel cells and water treatment processes.

scholarly journals Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Imidazoline Quaternized Polystyrene Copolymers for Fuel Cell Applications

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 901
Author(s):  
Li-Cheng Jheng ◽  
Chung-Yen Hsu ◽  
Hong-Yi Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Imidazole Ring ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Pendent Groups ◽  
Application Potential ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Imidazoline is a five-membered heterocycle derived by the partial reduction of one double bond of the imidazole ring. This work prepared new anion exchange membranes (AEMs) based on imidazoline quaternized polystyrene copolymers bearing N-b-hydroxyethyl oleyl imidazolinium pendent groups to evaluate the application potential for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). For comparison, an imidazole quaternized polystyrene copolymer was also synthesized. The polymer chemical structure was confirmed by FTIR, NMR, and TGA. In addition, the essential properties of membranes, including ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, and hydroxide conductivity, were measured. The alkaline stabilities of imidazolium-based and imidazolinium-based AEMs were compared by means of the changes in the TGA thermograms, FTIR spectra, and hydroxide conductivity during the alkaline treatment in 1 M KOH at 60 °C for 144 h. The results showed that the imidazolinium-based AEMs exhibited relatively lower hydroxide conductivity (5.77 mS/cm at 70 °C) but much better alkaline stability compared with the imidazolium-based AEM. The imidazolinium-based AEM (PSVBImn-50) retained 92% of its hydroxide conductivity after the alkaline treatment. Besides, the fuel cell performance of the imidazolium-based and imidazolinium-based AEMs was examined by single-cell tests.

Synthesis and Properties of Self-Crosslinking Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Quaternary Poly(arylene Ether Sulfone)s

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 857-860
Author(s):  
Shi Chao Fang ◽  
Hongliang Zhang ◽  
Feilong Wang ◽  
Hui Ping Bi ◽  
Zhao Xia Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Conductivity ◽  
The Self ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Condensation Polymerization ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Arylene Ether

A series of anion exchange membranes based on poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (PAES) have been prepared through condensation polymerization, chloromethylation and quaternization. The membrane using N, N, N’,N’-tetramethylhexyldiamine both as the quaternization and crosslinking reagent had self-crosslinking structure, and their properties have been compared with those using trimethylamie as the quaternization reagent, including ion exchange capacity, solubility, water uptake, dimensional change, hydrolytic stability and ion conductivity. The self-crosslinking membranes showed improvement in durability towards common organic solvents, dimensional stability and ion conductivity.

An integrally thin skinned asymmetric architecture design for advanced anion exchange membranes for vanadium flow batteries

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (33) ◽  
pp. 16948-16952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daishuang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoming Yan ◽  
Gaohong He ◽  
Le Zhang ◽  
Xinhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Architecture Design ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Flow Batteries ◽  
Exchange Membrane

We proposed an integrally thin skinned asymmetric anion exchange membrane with sufficiently low ion exchange capacity for vanadium flow batteries (VFBs), and this work provides new insights into the design, fabrication and commercialization of ion exchange membranes for VFBs.

scholarly journals Anion-Exchange Membrane with Poly(3,3’-(hexyl) bis(1-vinylimidazolium) bromide)/PVC Composites Prepared by Inter-polymerization

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Soo-Yeoun Kim ◽  
Woonjung Kim ◽  
Seong-Ho Choi
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vanadium Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Battery Separator ◽  
Composite Polymers ◽  
Vanadium Permeability ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The advanced anion-exchange membranes with the poly(3,3’-(hexyl)bis(1-vinylimidazolium)bromide), PHVB, was synthesized by inter-polymerization of  a 3,3'-(hexyl)bis(1-vinylimidazolium) bromide in poly(vinyl chloride), PVC, solution.  We confirmed the successful preparation of the advanced anion-exchange membrane (AEM) such as ionic conductivity (S/cm), water uptake (%), ion-exchange capacity (meq/g), vanadium permeability, thermal properties, and SEM analysis, respectively.  The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) performances using the prepared AEM based on PHVB/PVC composite polymers in organic electrolytes was examined.  In the prepared advanced AEM, the maximum voltages reached 2.5 V under the fixed current value of 0.005mA.  The synthesized advanced AEM has also good stability with organic electrolyte by battery performance under 1000 cycles. As results, the advanced AEM based on PHVB/PVC prepared by the inter-polymerization is suitable for use as a battery separator in VRFB.

scholarly journals A Raman spectro-microscopic investigation of ETFE-based radiation-grafted anion-exchange membranes

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (75) ◽  
pp. 47726-47737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Hin Lee ◽  
Carol Crean ◽  
John R. Varcoe ◽  
Rachida Bance-Soualhi
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Raman spectro-microscopy on a radiation-grafted anion-exchange membrane detected alkali degradation throughout its cross-section that quantitatively matched loss of ion-exchange capacity.

scholarly journals Alkaline Stable Anion Exchange Membranes Based on Cross-Linked Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone) Bearing Dual Quaternary Piperidines for Enhanced Anion Conductivity at Low Water Uptake

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Prem P. Sharma ◽  
Yeeun Jeon ◽  
Dukjoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Stable Anion ◽  
Trimethyl Amine ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Alkaline stable anion exchange membranes based on the cross-linked poly(arylene ether sulfone) grafted with dual quaternary piperidine (XPAES-DP) units were synthesized. The chemical structure of the synthesized PAES-DP was validated using 1H-NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy. The physicochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of XPAES-DP membranes were compared with those of two linear PAES based membranes grafted with single piperidine (PAES-P) unit and conventional trimethyl amine (PAES-TM). XPAES-DP membrane showed the ionic conductivity of 0.021 S cm−1 at 40 °C which was much higher than that of PAES-P and PAES-TM because of the possession of more quaternary ammonium groups in the cross-linked structure. This cross-linked structure of the XPAES-DP membrane resulted in a higher tensile strength of 18.11 MPa than that of PAES-P, 17.09 MPa. In addition, as the XPAES-DP membrane shows consistency in the ionic conductivity even after 96 h in 3 M KOH solution with a minor change, its chemical stability was assured for the application of anion exchange membrane fuel cell. The single-cell assembled with XPAES-DP membrane displayed a power density of 109 mWcm−2 at 80 °C under 100% relative humidity.

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