scholarly journals The Effect of Short-Term Dietary Fructose Supplementation on Gastric Emptying Rate and Gastrointestinal Hormone Responses in Healthy Men

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adora Yau ◽  
John McLaughlin ◽  
Ronald Maughan ◽  
William Gilmore ◽  
Gethin Evans
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormone ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Dietary Fructose ◽  
Hormone Responses

scholarly journals Effect of euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal hormone responses in normal subjects

Diabetologia ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-F. Kong ◽  
P. King ◽  
I. A. Macdonald ◽  
P. E. Blackshaw ◽  
A. C. Perkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormone ◽  
Hormone Responses

scholarly journals Food intake in lean and obese mice after peripheral administration of glucagon-like peptide 2

2012 ◽  
Vol 213 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Baldassano ◽  
Anna Lisa Bellanca ◽  
Rosa Serio ◽  
Flavia Mulè
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Reduce Food Intake ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate ◽  
Anorectic Effect ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide

We investigated the potential anorectic action of peripherally administered glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP2) in lean and diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Mice, fasted for 16 h, were injected i.p. with native GLP2 or [Gly2]GLP2, stable analog of GLP2, before or after GLP2 (3–33), a GLP2 receptor (GLP2R) antagonist, or exendin (9–39), a GLP1R antagonist. Food intake was measured at intervals 1, 2, 4, 8, and 24 h postinjection. In addition, we tested in lean mice the influence of [Gly2]GLP2 on gastric emptying and the effects of GLP1 alone or in combination with [Gly2]GLP2 on food intake. [Gly2]GLP2 dose dependently and significantly inhibited food intake in lean and DIO mice. The reduction of food intake occurred in the first hour postinjection and it was sustained until 4 h postinjection in lean mice while it was sustained until 2 h postinjection in DIO mice. GLP2 significantly inhibited food intake in both lean and DIO mice but only in the first hour postinjection. The efficiency of [Gly2]GLP2 or GLP2 in suppressing food intake was significantly weaker in DIO mice compared with lean animals. The [Gly2]GLP2 anorectic actions were blocked by the GLP2R antagonist GLP2 (3–33) or by the GLP1R antagonist exendin (9–39). The coadministration of [Gly2]GLP2 and GLP1 did not cause additive effects. [Gly2]GLP2 decreased the gastric emptying rate. Results suggest that GLP2 can reduce food intake in mice in the short term, likely acting at a peripheral level. DIO mice are less sensitive to the anorectic effect of the peptide.

scholarly journals Oatmeal particle size alters glycemic index but not as a function of gastric emptying rate

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (3) ◽  
pp. G239-G246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Mackie ◽  
Balazs H. Bajka ◽  
Neil M. Rigby ◽  
Peter J. Wilde ◽  
Fatima Alves-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormone ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate ◽  
Nutritional Guidance ◽  
Food Structure ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which oat particle size in a porridge could alter glucose absorption, gastric emptying, gastrointestinal hormone response, and subjective feelings of appetite and satiety. Porridge was prepared from either oat flakes or oat flour with the same protein, fat, carbohydrate, and mass. These were fed to eight volunteers on separate days in a crossover study, and subjective appetite ratings, gastric contents, and plasma glucose, insulin, and gastrointestinal hormones were determined over a period of 3 h. The flake porridge gave a lower glucose response than the flour porridge, and there were apparent differences in gastric emptying in both the early and late postprandial phases. The appetite ratings showed similar differences between early- and late-phase behavior. The structure of the oat flakes remained sufficiently intact to delay their gastric emptying, leading to a lower glycemic response, even though initial gastric emptying rates were similar for the flake and flour porridge. This highlights the need to take food structure into account when considering relatively simple physiological measures and offering nutritional guidance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The impact of food structure on glycemic response even in simple foods such as porridge is dependent on both timing of gastric emptying and the composition of what is emptied as well as duodenal starch digestion. Thus structure should be accounted for when considering relatively simple physiological measures and offering nutritional guidance.

Some pearl millet-based foods promote satiety or reduce glycaemic response in a crossover trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Anna M.R. Hayes ◽  
Fanny Gozzi ◽  
Aminata Diatta ◽  
Tom Gorissen ◽  
Clay Swackhamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Glycaemic Response ◽  
Continuous Glucose Monitor ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Traditionally Prepared

Abstract In a previous trial in Mali, we showed traditional pearl millet couscous and thick porridge delayed gastric emptying (~5 h half-emptying times) in a normal weight population compared to non-traditional carbohydrate-based foods (pasta, potatoes, white rice; ~3 h half-emptying times), and in a gastric simulator we showed millet couscous had slower digestion than wheat couscous. In light of these findings, we tested the hypothesis in a normal weight U.S. population (n=14) that millet foods would reduce glycaemic response (continuous glucose monitor), improve appetitive sensations (Visual Analog Scale ratings), as well as reduce gastric emptying rate (13C octanoic acid breath test). Five carbohydrate-based foods (millet couscous – commercial and self-made, millet thick porridge, wheat couscous, white rice) were fed in a crossover trial matched on available carbohydrate basis. Significantly lower overall glycaemic response was observed for all millet-based foods and wheat couscous compared to white rice (p≤0.05). Millet couscous (self-made) had significantly higher glycaemic response than millet couscous (commercial) and wheat couscous (p<0.0001), but as there were no differences in peak glucose values (p>0.05) an extended glycaemic response was indicated for self-made couscous. Millet couscous (self-made) had significantly lower hunger ratings (p<0.05) and higher fullness ratings (p<0.01) than white rice, millet thick porridge, and millet couscous (commercial). A normal gastric emptying rate (<3 h half-emptying times) was observed for all foods, with no significant differences among them (p>0.05). In conclusion, some traditionally prepared pearl millet foods show the potential to reduce glycaemic response and promote satiety.

Lack of Effect of Exercise Time of Day on Acute Energy Intake in Healthy Men

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katriona J.M O’Donoghue ◽  
Paul A. Fournier ◽  
Kym J. Guelfi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exercise Time ◽  
Acute Bout ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Successful Weight Loss

Although the manipulation of exercise and dietary intake to achieve successful weight loss has been extensively studied, it is unclear how the time of day that exercise is performed may affect subsequent energy intake. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of an acute bout of exercise performed in the morning compared with an equivalent bout of exercise performed in the afternoon on short-term energy intake. Nine healthy male participants completed 3 trials: morning exercise (AM), afternoon exercise (PM), or control (no exercise; CON) in a randomized counterbalanced design. Exercise consisted of 45 min of treadmill running at 75% VO2peak. Energy intake was assessed over a 26-hr period with the participants eating ad libitum from a standard assortment of food items of known quantity and composition. There was no significant difference in overall energy intake (M ± SD; CON 23,505 ± 6,938 kJ, AM 24,957 ± 5,607 kJ, PM 24,560 ± 5,988 kJ; p = .590) or macronutrient preferences during the 26-hr period examined between trials. Likewise, no differences in energy intake or macronutrient preferences were observed at any of the specific individual meal periods examined (i.e., breakfast, lunch, dinner) between trials. These results suggest that the time of day that exercise is performed does not significantly affect short-term energy intake in healthy men.

Role of gastric emptying rate in duodeno-gastro-esophageal reflux (DGER) in man

2000 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. A1258
Author(s):  
Gerardus H. Koek ◽  
Anthon Lerut ◽  
Daniel Sifrim ◽  
Jozef Janssens ◽  
Jan F. Tack
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Esophageal Reflux ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate
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