scholarly journals Healthy Diet for Healthy Aging

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4310
Author(s):  
Suey S. Y. Yeung ◽  
Michelle Kwan ◽  
Jean Woo
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity

Extending healthspan is a major public health challenge. Diet is one of the modifiable factors for preventing age-related diseases and preserving overall good health status during aging. Optimizing individuals’ intrinsic capacity, including domains in cognition, psychological, sensory function, vitality, and locomotion, has been proposed as a model of healthy aging by the World Health Organization. To better understand the relationships between a healthy diet and healthy aging, this review summarizes the recent epidemiologic and clinical data for dietary patterns that have been shown to play a role in (domains of) healthy aging. Regardless of priori or posteriori dietary patterns, it appears that dietary patterns centered on plant-based foods have a beneficial role in (domains of) healthy aging. Our review identified a knowledge gap in dietary patterns and multidimensional concepts of healthy aging. More epidemiological studies should consider intrinsic capacity as an outcome measure to further our understanding of a healthy diet and multidimensional concepts of healthy aging. When a sufficient number of epidemiological studies is available, evidence can be synthesized and clinical trials can be designed to evaluate a healthy diet as a strategy for healthy aging to further our progress in translating evidence to practice and promoting healthy aging.

How to preserve healthy aging through nutritional strategies: The new approach of the Food Social Network (Food NET) project

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rachele De Giuseppe ◽  
Matteo Colleoni ◽  
Marco Cremaschi ◽  
Luca Daconto ◽  
Ilaria Di Napoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Modifiable Factors

BACKGROUND: Aging is a process that does not refer only to the accumulation of damage in a human being over time but rather to individual changes determined by genetic, lifestyle, social and environmental factors. Aging is one of the greatest known risk factors for most human diseases. An older person in good health has a good level of independence, weighs less on the national health system and plays a productive and active role in his/her community; thus, the concept of “healthy aging”, reflecting older adult-environment fit should be promoted. The interactions between lifestyle, including nutrition, and health play a fundamental role in the aging process; eating habits and eating behaviours are recognized as important modifiable factors potentially leading to a healthy “phenotype”. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: A multidisciplinary consortium with three Italian universities (the University of Milano-Bicocca, University of Pavia and University of Calabria) and Italian Small-Medium Enterprises proposed the Food Social Network (Food NET) project. Food NET overall outcome is to achieve target-specific guidelines and exact technologies for accessible functional foods, aimed at improving the quality of life and nutritional status of citizens (aged>65) of the Metropolitan City of Milan (Italy). CONCLUSIONS: This project is part of the “Smart Living” and food-related strategies aimed at responding to the needs of this target population, developing new food products, appropriate to meet the specific requirements and ensuring and promoting sustainable diets for healthy aging by effective food policy approaches.

scholarly journals Defining a Healthy Diet: Evidence for the Role of Contemporary Dietary Patterns in Health and Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hellas Cena ◽  
Philip C. Calder
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Definition Of

The definition of what constitutes a healthy diet is continually shifting to reflect the evolving understanding of the roles that different foods, essential nutrients, and other food components play in health and disease. A large and growing body of evidence supports that intake of certain types of nutrients, specific food groups, or overarching dietary patterns positively influences health and promotes the prevention of common non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Greater consumption of health-promoting foods and limited intake of unhealthier options are intrinsic to the eating habits of certain regional diets such as the Mediterranean diet or have been constructed as part of dietary patterns designed to reduce disease risk, such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) or Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. In comparison with a more traditional Western diet, these healthier alternatives are higher in plant-based foods, including fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, legumes, seeds, and nuts and lower in animal-based foods, particularly fatty and processed meats. To better understand the current concept of a “healthy diet,” this review describes the features and supporting clinical and epidemiologic data for diets that have been shown to prevent disease and/or positively influence health. In total, evidence from epidemiological studies and clinical trials indicates that these types of dietary patterns reduce risks of NCDs including cardiovascular disease and cancer.

scholarly journals Age-related prevalence of non-cardiac surgery indications

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nera Agabiti
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Old People ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Age Related ◽  
New Treatments

<p>A clear trend in Italy over the last 20 years has been the increasing prevalence of ‘very old’ people (over 75 years of age) within the general population. Routine statistics as well as population surveys and ad hoc epidemiological studies all confirm this trend. The proportion of so-called ‘very old patients in good health’ is the category which is increasing the most. This is due to the economic well-being and generally good living conditions in Italy as well as progress in medical care and the introduction of new treatments and technologies in clinical practice that have improved survival and quality of life. The presence of an increasing number of very old people in the population, with consequent change of the population’s health needs, represents a great challenge both for the healthcare system and for society as a whole.</p>

scholarly journals The effect of excessive coca-cola consumption on the development of dental erosions

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorica Ignjatovic ◽  
Ivana Stojsin ◽  
Tatjana Brkanic ◽  
Jovana Loncar
Keyword(s):  
Early Recognition ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
World Health ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
Health Organization

The last few years have brought many changes in daily habits and overall lifestyle of human population, which is accompanied by increased exposure to acidic substances and increased consumption of acidic food. Regardless of the numerous warnings given by the World Health Organization about the harmful effects of carbonated beverages on general health, popularity and frequency of Coca-Cola usage have been growing steadily. Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated its potential negative effects on tooth structure. Good health education in developed countries has improved the awareness of the importance of oral hygiene; on the other hand, greater consumption of soft drinks has increased the incidence of dental erosions. Effective prevention and monitoring of dental erosions mostly depend on the knowledge about the etiology and early recognition of signs and symptoms of these lesions in clinical practice.

scholarly journals The association of social frailty with intrinsic capacity in community-dwelling older adults: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Hsien Huang ◽  
Kiwako Okada ◽  
Eiji Matsushita ◽  
Chiharu Uno ◽  
Shosuke Satake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Domain Score ◽  
Psychological Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Social frailty is associated with poor health outcomes; however, its effects on healthy aging indicators have not been adequately investigated. This study assessed the longitudinal association between social frailty and the intrinsic capacity of community-dwelling older adults. Methods A total of 663 participants (56.7% women) aged ≥60 years from in Nagoya, Japan, were included in the study. The first measurement occurred in 2014, and annual follow-ups occurred until 2017. Social frailty was determined based on four items: financial difficulty, household status, social activity, and regular contact with others. A deficit score of 0 represented social robustness, 1 represented social prefrailty, and ≥ 2 represented social frailty. Intrinsic capacity was evaluated by the locomotion, cognition, psychological function, vitality, and sensory function domains. The longitudinal association was analyzed using generalized estimating equations. Results The prevalence of social prefrailty and social frailty at baseline was 31.2 and 6.3%, respectively. The social prefrailty group (β = − 0.132, P < 0.001) and social frailty group (β = − 0.258, P < 0.001) were associated with a greater reduction in the composite intrinsic capacity scores than the social robustness group, especially in the cognition, psychological function, and vitality domains. Men with social prefrailty/social frailty demonstrated a greater decrease in the psychological function domain score (− 0.512 vs. − 0.278) than women. Additionally, the cognition domain score only decreased in men in the social prefrailty/social frailty group (β = − 0.122, P = 0.016). Conclusions Social frailty was associated with intrinsic capacity and its subdomains longitudinally. Men with social frailty were more vulnerable than women to a decline in their psychological function and cognition domains. Therefore, the advanced management of social frailty is necessary to facilitate healthy aging.

scholarly journals ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN MULTIDOMAIN LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS AND INTRINSIC CAPACITY DOMAINS DURING AGING: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. Fourteau ◽  
K. Virecoulon Giudici ◽  
Y. Rolland ◽  
B. Vellas ◽  
P. de Souto Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Cognitive Stimulation ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Recently, the World Health Organization defined five domains of intrinsic capacity (IC), composed of physical and mental capacities linked to body functions, and that contribute to healthy aging: locomotion, cognition, psychological, vitality and sensorial. In the past decade, studies investigating the effects of concomitant lifestyle interventions (also called multidomain interventions) on one or several IC domains have been developed. The aim of this study is to synthetize the scientific literature about the associations between multidomain lifestyle interventions and IC domains. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of multidomain lifestyle interventions on at least one IC domain among older people. Multidomain intervention was defined as the presence of at least two of the following lifestyle interventions: physical activity/exercise, nutrition, cognitive stimulation, and management of cardiovascular risk factors (eg, smoking, alcohol consumption). Results: Multidomain interventions were associated with improvements on locomotion (as measured by performance-based tests of lower-limb function) and vitality (as measured by handgrip strength); benefits on cognitive function were also found, in particular among populations at increased risk of dementia and when operationalizing strong multidomain interventions (eg, using regular exercise training instead of physical activity advices). No study investigated the effects of multidomain lifestyle interventions on the sensorial domain (hearing and/or vision). The modalities composing the multidomain interventions and intervention length, as well as study population, substantially varied across studies; the most common combination of interventions was physical activity- and nutritional-related interventions. Conclusion: Available evidence is still limited, but literature suggests a positive effect of multidomain lifestyle interventions on IC domains, in particular locomotion. Further studies are still needed on this topic, in particular, studies exploring the effects of multidomain lifestyle interventions on the sensorial domain, as well as on a composite measurement of all IC domains.

scholarly journals Accelerated Aging and Age-Related Diseases (CVD and Neurological) due to Air Pollution and Traffic Noise Exposure

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2419
Author(s):  
Omar Hahad ◽  
Katie Frenis ◽  
Marin Kuntic ◽  
Andreas Daiber ◽  
Thomas Münzel
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
World Health ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Average Life Expectancy ◽  
Age Related

The World Health Organization estimates that only approximately 25% of diversity in longevity is explained by genetic factors, while the other 75% is largely determined by interactions with the physical and social environments. Indeed, aging is a multifactorial process that is influenced by a range of environmental, sociodemographic, and biopsychosocial factors, all of which might act in concert to determine the process of aging. The global average life expectancy increased fundamentally over the past century, toward an aging population, correlating with the development and onset of age-related diseases, mainly from cardiovascular and neurological nature. Therefore, the identification of determinants of healthy and unhealthy aging is a major goal to lower the burden and socioeconomic costs of age-related diseases. The role of environmental factors (such as air pollution and noise exposure) as crucial determinants of the aging process are being increasingly recognized. Here, we critically review recent findings concerning the pathomechanisms underlying the aging process and their correlates in cardiovascular and neurological disease, centered on oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as the influence of prominent environmental pollutants, namely air pollution and traffic noise exposure, which is suggested to accelerate the aging process. Insight into these types of relationships and appropriate preventive strategies are urgently needed to promote healthy aging.

Oral and Oropharyngeal Sensory Function in Adults With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 864-872
Author(s):  
Fernanda Borowsky da Rosa ◽  
Adriane Schmidt Pasqualoto ◽  
Catriona M. Steele ◽  
Renata Mancopes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Thermal Sensation ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Copd Patients

Introduction The oral cavity and pharynx have a rich sensory system composed of specialized receptors. The integrity of oropharyngeal sensation is thought to be fundamental for safe and efficient swallowing. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are at risk for oropharyngeal sensory impairment due to frequent use of inhaled medications and comorbidities including gastroesophageal reflux disease. Objective This study aimed to describe and compare oral and oropharyngeal sensory function measured using noninstrumental clinical methods in adults with COPD and healthy controls. Method Participants included 27 adults (18 men, nine women) with a diagnosis of COPD and a mean age of 66.56 years ( SD = 8.68). The control group comprised 11 healthy adults (five men, six women) with a mean age of 60.09 years ( SD = 11.57). Spirometry measures confirmed reduced functional expiratory volumes (% predicted) in the COPD patients compared to the control participants. All participants completed a case history interview and underwent clinical evaluation of oral and oropharyngeal sensation by a speech-language pathologist. The sensory evaluation explored the detection of tactile and temperature stimuli delivered by cotton swab to six locations in the oral cavity and two in the oropharynx as well as identification of the taste of stimuli administered in 5-ml boluses to the mouth. Analyses explored the frequencies of accurate responses regarding stimulus location, temperature and taste between groups, and between age groups (“≤ 65 years” and “> 65 years”) within the COPD cohort. Results We found significantly higher frequencies of reported use of inhaled medications ( p < .001) and xerostomia ( p = .003) in the COPD cohort. Oral cavity thermal sensation ( p = .009) was reduced in the COPD participants, and a significant age-related decline in gustatory sensation was found in the COPD group ( p = .018). Conclusion This study found that most of the measures of oral and oropharyngeal sensation remained intact in the COPD group. Oral thermal sensation was impaired in individuals with COPD, and reduced gustatory sensation was observed in the older COPD participants. Possible links between these results and the use of inhaled medication by individuals with COPD are discussed.

scholarly journals A Multi-Domain Group-Based Intervention to Promote Physical Activity, Healthy Nutrition and Psychological Wellbeing in Older People with Losses in Intrinsic Capacity: AMICOPE Development Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5979
Author(s):  
Sergi Blancafort Alias ◽  
César Cuevas-Lara ◽  
Nicolás Martínez-Velilla ◽  
Fabricio Zambom-Ferraresi ◽  
Maria Eugenia Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older People ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Development ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Intrinsic Capacity

The World Health Organization has developed the Integrated Care of Older People (ICOPE) strategy, a program based on the measurement of intrinsic capacity (IC) as “the composite of all physical and mental attributes on which an individual can draw”. Multicomponent interventions appear to be the most effective approach to enhance IC and to prevent frailty and disability since adapted physical activity is the preventive intervention that has shown the most evidence in the treatment of frailty and risk of falls. Our paper describes the development of a multi-domain group-based intervention addressed to older people living in the community, aimed at improving and/or maintaining intrinsic capacity by means of promoting physical activity, healthy nutrition, and psychological wellbeing in older people. The process of intervention development is described following the Guidance for reporting intervention development studies in health research (GUIDED). The result of this study is the AMICOPE intervention (Aptitude Multi-domain group-based intervention to improve and/or maintain IC in Older PEople) built upon the ICOPE framework and described following the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) guidelines. The intervention consists of 12 face-to-face sessions held weekly for 2.5 h over three months and facilitated by a pair of health and social care professionals. This study represents the first stage of the UK Medical Research Council framework for developing and evaluating a complex intervention. The next step should be carrying out a feasibility study for the AMICOPE intervention and, at a later stage, assessing the effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial.

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