scholarly journals β-Lactoglobulin Elevates Insulin and Glucagon Concentrations Compared with Whey Protein—A Randomized Double-Blinded Crossover Trial in Patients with Type Two Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Stine B. Smedegaard ◽  
Maike Mose ◽  
Adam Hulman ◽  
Ulla R. Mikkelsen ◽  
Niels Møller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin

Whey protein is an insulinotropic fraction of dairy that reduces postprandial glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We have recently shown that β-lactoglobulin (BLG), the largest protein fraction of whey, elevates insulin concentrations compared with iso-nitrogenous whey protein isolate (WPI) in healthy individuals. We therefore hypothesized that BLG pre-meals would lower glucose levels compared with WPI in patients with T2DM. We investigated 16 participants with T2DM using a randomized double-blinded cross-over design with two pre-meal interventions, (i) 25 g BLG and (ii) 25 g WPI prior to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), followed by four days of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) at home. BLG increased concentrations of insulin with 10%, glucagon with 20%, and glucose with 10% compared with WPI after the OGTT (all p < 0.05). Both BLG and WPI reduced the interstitial fluid (ISF) glucose concentrations (using CGM) with 2 mM and lowered glycemic variability with 10–15%, compared with tap-water (p < 0.05), and WPI lowered the ISF glucose with 0.5 mM compared with BLG from 120 min and onwards (p < 0.05). In conclusion, BLG pre-meals resulted in higher insulin, glucagon, and glucose concentrations compared with WPI in participants with T2DM. Pre-meal servings of WPI remains the most potent protein in terms of lowering postprandial glucose excursions.

scholarly journals Degradation of Incretins and Modulation of Blood Glucose Levels by Periodontopathic Bacterial Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4

2017 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Ohara-Nemoto ◽  
Manami Nakasato ◽  
Yu Shimoyama ◽  
Tomomi T. Baba ◽  
Takeshi Kobayakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Molecular Events

ABSTRACT Severe periodontitis is known to aggravate diabetes mellitus, though molecular events related to that link have not been fully elucidated. Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogen of periodontitis, expresses dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), which is involved in regulation of blood glucose levels by cleaving incretins in humans. We examined the enzymatic characteristics of DPP4 from P. gingivalis as well as two other periodontopathic bacteria, Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia, and determined whether it is capable of regulating blood glucose levels. Cell-associated DPP4 activity was found in those microorganisms, which was effectively suppressed by inhibitors of human DPP4, and molecules sized 73 kDa in P. gingivalis, and 71 kDa in T. forsythia and P. intermedia were immunologically detected. The k cat/Km values of recombinant DPP4s ranged from 721 ± 55 to 1,283 ± 23 μM−1s−1 toward Gly-Pro-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (MCA), while those were much lower for His-Ala-MCA. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis showed His/Tyr-Ala dipeptide release from the N termini of incretins, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, respectively, with the action of microbial DPP4. Moreover, intravenous injection of DPP4 into mice decreased plasma active GLP-1 and insulin levels, accompanied by a substantial elevation in blood glucose over the control after oral glucose administration. These results are the first to show that periodontopathic bacterial DPP4 is capable of modulating blood glucose levels the same as mammalian DPP4; thus, the incidence of periodontopathic bacteremia may exacerbate diabetes mellitus via molecular events of bacterial DPP4 activities.

Association of Acrochordons with Diabetes Mellitus - A Hospital based Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Sunita Karki ◽  
Anjan Rai ◽  
Manish Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Skin Tags ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Control Study

Introduction Acrochordons or skin tags are common benign cutaneous tumors that occur especially over the neck and major flexures. A possible association between diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia is observed in numerous past studies with varying results. We aim to find out the association of diabetes mellitus with acrochordons Methods: One hundred patients were enrolled in our study. Among them, 50 (27 males and 23 females) with skin tags were selected as cases and 50 with other dermatologic diseases after matching age and gender were taken as controls. Blood glucose levels including both fasting and postprandial glucose levels were determined for both cases and controls and compared. Results: There was a higher frequency of Diabetes Mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in patients with skin tags in comparison to controls (p<0.001). Moreover, there were higher odds of acquiring skin tags in patient with abnormal blood glucose levels. Conclusions: There is an increased risk of developing DM in patients with skin tags. It is highly recommended that suspicion for Diabetes Mellitus is to be done in patients with skin tags for early screening and diagnosis of Diabetes.

scholarly journals Glucose levels during gestational diabetes pregnancy and the risk of developing postpartum diabetes or prediabetes

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chadakarn Phaloprakarn ◽  
Siriwan Tangjitgamol
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Blood glucose levels during pregnancy may reflect the severity of insulin secretory defects and/or insulin resistance during gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancy. We hypothesized that suboptimal glycemic control in women with GDM could increase the risk of postpartum type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or prediabetes. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of plasma glucose levels throughout GDM pregnancy on the risk of postpartum T2DM or prediabetes. Methods The medical records of 706 women with GDM who underwent a postpartum 75-g, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test at our institution between January 2011 and December 2018 were reviewed. These women were classified into 2 groups according to glycemic control during pregnancy: ≤ 1 occasion of either fasting glucose ≥ 95 mg/dL or 2-hour postprandial glucose ≥ 120 mg/dL was defined as optimal glycemic control or else was classified as suboptimal glycemic control. Rates of postpartum T2DM and prediabetes were compared between women with optimal (n = 505) and suboptimal (n = 201) glycemic control. Results The rates of postpartum T2DM and prediabetes were significantly higher in the suboptimal glycemic control group than in the optimal glycemic control group: 22.4% vs. 3.0%, P < 0.001 for T2DM and 45.3% vs. 23.5%, P < 0.001 for prediabetes. In a multivariate analysis, suboptimal glucose control during pregnancy was an independent risk factor for developing either postpartum T2DM or prediabetes. The adjusted odds ratios were 8.4 (95% confidence interval, 3.5–20.3) for T2DM and 3.9 (95% confidence interval, 2.5–6.1) for prediabetes. Conclusion Our findings suggest that blood glucose levels during GDM pregnancy have an impact on the risk of postpartum T2DM and prediabetes.

scholarly journals Study on the prescribing pattern of anti-diabetic drugs in community clinic in Uttar Pradesh state

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Suresh Chandra ◽  
Mohd. Adil Khan ◽  
Anand Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Community Clinic ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Poor Patient Compliance ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Objective: The diabetes mellitus is most common diseases. Which are spread all over the world. At they  are change in modified in life style disease  in this study where the prescribe drugs while using in the diagnostic and treatment of diabetes mellitus .the most commonly use drugs Sitagliptin +Metfomin in the community clinic in U.P. In the survey which are found to be the prescription pattern in Jajmau (Kanpur, U.P.) areas the most common drug which are running Sitagliptin + Metformin the survey which are randomly collect the prescription there are many variation in prescribing pattern of diabetes mellitus .the prescribing pattern is most strong tools to role of drug use in the society which are treat the DM during medication follow the proscription pattern of the drugs. There is need for appropriate safe &effective treatment and economical study to find out the pattern of drug therapy among DM.Methods: In this study the method randomized and non randomized study design was conducted in October 2016 – November 2016 community clinic in U.P. this study found to the date which group gender in fasting blood sugar various classes of drugs analyzed them.Results: A total of 200 patients were included in this one month’s study. All the patients had Type 2 diabetes. Metformin is the drug of choice and Sitagliptin is the most preferred combination with Metformin.Conclusions:Insulin was not preferred as mono-therapy. Despite combination therapy, the postprandial glucose levels were not in range–suggesting either poor patient compliance or inadequate dosing/inappropriate therapy. In addition to drugs, the services of a clinical pharmacist might be helpful in these patients. Metformin is the drug of choice and Sitagliptin is the most preferred combination with Metformin. 

scholarly journals Consumption of Biscuits with a Beverage of Mulberry or Barley Leaves in the Afternoon Prevents Dinner-Induced High, but Not Low, Increases in Blood Glucose among Young Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Kuwahara ◽  
Hyeon-Ki Kim ◽  
Mamiho Ozaki ◽  
Takuya Nanba ◽  
Hanako Chijiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Barley Leaves ◽  
Low Glucose ◽  
Double Blinded ◽  
The Impact

We examined the impact of consuming biscuits with a beverage of powdered mulberry or barley leaves in the afternoon on postprandial glucose levels at dinnertime among young adults. A total of 18 young adults participated in a partially double-blinded, randomized crossover trial over 2 weeks, consuming either: (1) no biscuits; (2) a biscuit; (3) a biscuit with a beverage of powdered mulberry leaves; or (4) a biscuit with a beverage of powdered barley leaves, as an afternoon snack followed by a standardized test dinner. Glucose levels were recorded after each meal. Results showed intake of biscuits with a beverage of mulberry and barley leaves significantly reduced postprandial rises in glucose after their immediate consumption and dinner, though there was no direct relationship between the glucose levels at the two meals. Compared to those with low glucose levels, participants with high glucose levels at dinner showed a stronger second meal effect, that was attributed to the mulberry or barley leaves, and were also more likely to have lean body weights and prefer evenings. Our findings indicate that eating snacks alongside mulberry or barley leaves is an effective way to suppress postprandial glucose levels in young adults with high glucose levels who prefer evenings.

scholarly journals Impact of sleep duration during pregnancy on the risk of gestational diabetes in the Japan environmental and Children’s study (JECS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Myoga ◽  
◽  
Mayumi Tsuji ◽  
Rie Tanaka ◽  
Eiji Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Random Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has serious effects on both mother and child. Like Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, it is increasing in prevalence world-wide. In addition to obesity, sleep duration has been named an important risk factor. Using a large cohort study, including data from 48,787 participants of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS), we examined the association between sleep duration and both random blood glucose levels and GDM rates during pregnancy. Methods Random blood glucose levels were measured during pregnancy. GDM diagnosis was based on the results of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Additional anthropometric data was collected from questionnaires for statistical analysis. Results Compared to mothers averaging 7 to < 10 h sleep (reference group), women receiving < 5 h or ≥ 10 h sleep exhibited significantly elevated random blood glucose levels. This was associated with an elevated risk for positive GDM screening (< 5 h sleep: OR 1.17 (0.96–1.44) p = 0.126; ≥10 h sleep: OR 1.13 (1.03–1.25) p = 0.006). Calculating the risk for GDM, women sleeping < 5 h or ≥ 10 h exhibited elevated risks of 1.31-fold and 1.21 respectively. However, this trend was not found to be significant. Conclusions Sleep is a critical factor in glucose metabolism, with both abnormally long and short sleep duration increasing random blood glucose levels in pregnant women. Moreover, the risk for positive GDM screening increases significantly with elevated sleep, ≥10 h per night. These findings are promising because they support the idea that sleep duration is a modifiable risk factor, and can be focused upon to improve health and pregnancy outcome.

scholarly journals Increasing the protein quantity in a meal results in dose-dependent effects on postprandial glucose levels in individuals with Type 1 diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Paterson ◽  
C. E. M. Smart ◽  
P. E. Lopez ◽  
P. Howley ◽  
P. McElduff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Dose Dependent

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Potential of a High Fiber Diet in Healthy versus Diabetic Rabbits

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Díez ◽  
Juan J. García ◽  
M. José Diez ◽  
Matilde Sierra ◽  
Ana M. Sahagún ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Plantago Ovata ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits

The aim of this study was to investigate potential hypoglycaemic and hypolipidemic effects of Plantago ovata husk included in the diet, in healthy and diabetic rabbits. We also examined the effects of this fiber in other biochemical parameters. Two groups of 18 rabbits were used. The first group was fed with standard chow and the second with chow supplemented with Plantago ovata husk (3.5 mg/kg/day). On day 14 diabetes mellitus was induced by the intravenous administration of alloxan (80 mg/kg). After an oral glucose load (3 g), glucose, insulin, and other biochemical parameters were determined on day 14 (healthy rabbits) and on day 28 (diabetic rabbits). In healthy rabbits, fiber did not modify glucose or insulin levels but decreased significantly total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, atherogenic index, and glycosylated hemoglobin. In diabetic rabbits, fiber was more beneficial in mild diabetics than in severe diabetics with significant decreases in glucose levels and increases in insulin concentrations. In these animals fiber caused an important reduction in cholesterol, indicating a beneficial effect of Plantago ovata husk in diabetic rabbits. Although further studies in patients are necessary, we think that Plantago ovata husk offers interesting perspectives to be administered to patients with diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Effect of Cinnamon Tea on Postprandial Glucose Concentration

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Alexandra Bernardo ◽  
Maria Leonor Silva ◽  
Elisabeth Santos ◽  
Margarida Maria Moncada ◽  
José Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status

Glycaemic control, in particular at postprandial period, has a key role in prevention of different diseases, including diabetes and cardiovascular events. Previous studies suggest that postprandial high blood glucose levels (BGL) can lead to an oxidative stress status, which is associated with metabolic alterations. Cinnamon powder has demonstrated a beneficial effect on postprandial glucose homeostasis in animals and human models. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cinnamon tea (C. burmannii) on postprandial capillary blood glucose level on nondiabetic adults. Participants were given oral glucose tolerance test either with or without cinnamon tea in a randomized clinical trial. The data revealed that cinnamon tea administration slightly decreased postprandial BGL. Cinnamon tea ingestion also results in a significantly lower postprandial maximum glucose concentration and variation of maximum glucose concentration (p< 0.05). Chemical analysis showed that cinnamon tea has a high antioxidant capacity, which may be due to its polyphenol content. The present study provides evidence that cinnamon tea, obtained fromC. burmannii, could be beneficial for controlling glucose metabolism in nondiabetic adults during postprandial period.

scholarly journals Analisis Uji Tes Toleransi Glukosa Oral Sebagai Deteksi Dini Pradiabetes Pada Obesitas

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Alfyan Rahim ◽  
Thaslifa ◽  
Irwansyah
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a dangerous disease with prevalence in Indonesia, including South Sulawesi, until now it has reached 3.4% of the total population. Prediabetes is an early condition for diabetes where blood glucose levels are above normal levels. One of the factors that are most closely related to the incidence of prediabetes is obesity which is also a problem currently faced at the age of children and adolescents. One way to detect a disturbance in glucose metabolism is the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (TTGO).Objective: This study aims to determine the incidence of prediabetes in obese students. Methods: The study design was analytical descriptive, analyzing the test variables of OGTT as a prediabetes screening in the obese. The population was all active students of Megarezky University who were obese obtained by purposive sampling technique. Results: Based on the research result of 40 respondents, after the measured levels of GDP and two-hour glucose levels after oral glucose administration (postprandial), obtained a mean grade of respondents OGTT was 120,45 mg/dl and 8 (20%) of whom had an abnormal OGTT level ( 140-199 mg/dl). Conclusion: It reveals that the eight respondents experienced impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and prediabetes. Obese people should begin to keep a balance between intake and energy expended to avoid Diabetes Mellitus.

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