scholarly journals Consumption of Foods Derived from Subsidized Crops Remains Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk: An Update on the Evidence Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2014

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3244
Author(s):  
Whitney L. Do ◽  
Kai M. Bullard ◽  
Aryeh D. Stein ◽  
Mohammed K. Ali ◽  
K. M. Venkat Narayan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Farm Bill ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Food Commodities

In this study, we examined the associations between the consumption of foods derived from crops subsidized under the 2008 United States (US) Farm Bill and cardiometabolic risk factors and whether the magnitude of these associations has changed since the 2002 US Farm Bill. Four federal databases were used to estimate daily consumption of the top seven subsidized commodities (corn, soybeans, wheat, rice, sorghum, dairy, and livestock) and to calculate a subsidy score (0–1 scale) for Americans’ daily dietary intake during 2009–2014, with a higher score indicative of a higher proportion of the diet derived from subsidized commodities. The cardiometabolic risk factors included obesity, abdominal adiposity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and dysglycemia. Linear and logistic regression models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, the poverty–income ratio, the smoking status, educational attainment, physical activity, and daily calorie intake. During 2009–2014, adults with the highest subsidy score had higher probabilities of obesity, abdominal adiposity, and dysglycemia compared to the lowest subsidy score. After the 2002 Farm Bill (measured using data from 2001–2006), the subsidy score decreased from 56% to 50% and associations between consuming a highly-subsidized diet and dysglycemia did not change (p = 0.54), whereas associations with obesity (p = 0.004) and abdominal adiposity (p = 0.002) significantly attenuated by more than half. The proportion of calories derived from subsidized food commodities continues to be associated with adverse cardiometabolic risk factors, though the relationship with obesity and abdominal adiposity has weakened in recent years.

scholarly journals Irregularity of energy intake at meals: prospective associations with the metabolic syndrome in adults of the 1946 British birth cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerda K. Pot ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
Alison M. Stephen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health And Development

AbstractIrregularity in eating patterns could be a potential cardiometabolic risk factor. We aimed to study the associations of irregular intake of energy at meals in relation to cardiometabolic risk factors 10 and 17 years later. Variability of energy intake data – derived from 5-d estimated diet diaries of cohort members of the National Survey for Health and Development collected at ages 36 (n1416), 43 (n1505) and 53 years (n1381) – was used as a measure for irregularity. Associations between meal irregularity scores with cardiometabolic risk factors measured 10 and 17 years later were investigated using linear mixed models and logistic regression models. The results showed that irregularity scores changed significantly over the years (P<0·05). At age 36 years, subjects with a more irregular intake of energy at lunch (OR 1·42; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·91) and between meals (OR 1·35; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·82) had an increased risk for the metabolic syndrome 17 years later; at lunch was also associated with an increased waist circumference (OR 1·58; 95 % 1·27, 1·96) and TAG levels (OR 1·33; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·72). At age 43 years, subjects with a more irregular intake at breakfast had an increased risk of the metabolic syndrome 10 years later (OR 1·53; 95 % CI 1·15, 2·04), as well as an increased BMI (OR 1·66; 95 % CI 1·31, 2·10), waist circumference (OR 1·53; 95 % CI 1·23, 1·90) and diastolic blood pressure (OR 1·42; 95 % CI 1·13, 1·78). In conclusion, subjects with a more irregular intake of energy, mostly at breakfast and lunch, appeared to have an increased cardiometabolic risk 10 and 17 years later.

scholarly journals Contribution of binge eating behaviour to cardiometabolic risk factors in subjects starting a weight loss or maintenance programme

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
pp. 1984-1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Leone ◽  
Giorgio Bedogni ◽  
Veronica Ponissi ◽  
Alberto Battezzati ◽  
Valentina Beggio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Binge Eaters

AbstractThe contribution of binge eating (BE) behaviour to cardiometabolic risk factors has been scarcely investigated so far. Previous studies have not considered the nutritional status and lifestyle of subjects suffering from BE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of BE to the metabolic syndrome (MS), its components, high total cholesterol and high LDL in a large sample of subjects, taking into account nutritional status, dietary habits, smoking status and physical activity. For this purpose, 5175 adults seeking a weight loss or maintenance programme were recruited. Anthropometrical measurements and blood parameters were measured. BE was evaluated using the Binge Eating Scale (BES). A fourteen-item questionnaire was used to evaluate the adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Smoking status and physical activity were investigated by interview. BE prevalence was 0·16 (95 % CI 0·15, 0·17). A sex- and age-adjusted Poisson regression model showed a higher prevalence of MS in binge eaters (0·33; 95 % CI 0·28, 0·37) compared with non-binge eaters (0·27; 95 % CI 0·25, 0·28, P=0·011). However, the statistical difference was lost after inclusion of BMI and lifestyle parameters in the multiple-adjusted model. We also evaluated the association between the continuous outcomes of interest and the BES score using a multivariable median regression model. We observed a positive, but clinically irrelevant, association between BES score and HDL levels (P<0·001). In conclusion, BE does not seem to be independently related to cardiometabolic risk factors. However, the screening and treatment of BE are of clinical relevance in order to reduce the risk of developing obesity.

scholarly journals Abdominal adiposity in rheumatoid arthritis: Association with cardiometabolic risk factors and disease characteristics

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 3173-3182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon T. Giles ◽  
Matthew Allison ◽  
Roger S. Blumenthal ◽  
Wendy Post ◽  
Allan C. Gelber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Disease Characteristics

scholarly journals Anthropometric measures of abdominal adiposity for the identification of cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. e14-e17 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Weber ◽  
Lorraine E. Levitt Katz ◽  
Babette S. Zemel ◽  
Paul R. Gallagher ◽  
Kathryn M. Murphy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Anthropometric Measures

Circulating endocannabinoid levels, abdominal adiposity and related cardiometabolic risk factors in obese men

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Côté ◽  
I Matias ◽  
I Lemieux ◽  
S Petrosino ◽  
N Alméras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity

scholarly journals The ≤ 10:1 carbohydrate to fiber ratio to identify healthy grain foods and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Fontanelli ◽  
Cristiane Sales ◽  
Junxiu Liu ◽  
Renata Micha ◽  
Dariush Mozaffarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Grain Foods

AbstractThere is a pressing need for validated methods to assess healthfulness of grain foods to promote consumer awareness and policy change. We investigated how one pragmatic metric, the presence per 10 g of carbohydrate of at least 1 g of fiber (≤ 10:1-ratio), related to other constituents of grain foods as well as cardiometabolic risk factors in Brazil. Data were from the population-based study 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo, including a probabilistic sample of urban residents in São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 1,188 participants age 20 + years completed a 24-h dietary recall, and a subsample of 603 participants also had blood sample, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements collected, and answered a second 24-h recall. The National Cancer Institute method was used to estimate the usual intake of nutrients and foods. Energy and nutrient contents of grain foods meeting or not meeting the ≤ 10:1 ratio were evaluated using univariate linear regressions with robust variance. The association between the percent of energy (%E) from grain foods meeting the criterion and cardiometabolic risk factors was investigated in the subsample with complete data using multivariable linear regression models. Models were adjusted for age, sex, education, income, ethnicity, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, prevalent clinical diseases, and total energy intake. Mean intake of grain foods meeting the ≤ 10:1 ratio was 1.7%E (95%CI 1.6%, 1.8%), and 0.2 50 g servings/day. Per 50 g serving, foods meeting the ≤ 10:1 ratio criterion had lower available carbohydrate (-3.0 g/serving, p = 0.045), total sugar (-7.4g/serving, p < 0.001), added sugar (-7.2 g/serving, p < 0.001) and saturated fatty acids (-0.7 g/serving, p = 0.022), as well as more dietary fiber (+ 3.5g/serving, p < 0.001), protein (+ 2.1 g/serving, p < 0.001), potassium (+ 100.1 mg/serving, p = 0.002), iron (+ 0.9 mg/serving, p = 0.011), selenium (+ 4.2 mcg/serving, p = 0.007), magnesium (+ 38.7 mg/serving, p < 0.001) and zinc (+ 1.1 mg/serving, p = 0.004). After multivariable-adjusted adjustment, each increase in 1%E from grain foods meeting the ≤ 10:1 ratio was associated with lower levels of blood triacylglycerol 12.5% (95%CI -22.4%, -3.8%), the triacylglycerol/HDL-c ratio (-16.9% 95%CI -30.6%, -4.5%), fasting insulin (-15.3% 95%CI -30.7%, -1.5%), and HOMA-IR (15.8% 95%CI -32.8%, -1.0%). The ≤ 10:1 ratio identified grain foods with higher nutritional quality and higher intakes of these foods were associated with fewer cardiometabolic risk factors, in particular risk factors related to atherogenic dyslipidemia and insulin resistance that are influenced by carbohydrate quality. This criterion may represent a useful method for characterizing and promoting healthful grain foods.

scholarly journals Abdominal adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: a Mendelian randomization analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (5) ◽  
pp. 1079-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Viitasalo ◽  
Theresia M Schnurr ◽  
Niina Pitkänen ◽  
Mette Hollensted ◽  
Tenna R H Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACT Background Mendelian randomization studies in adults suggest that abdominal adiposity is causally associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease in adults, but its causal effect on cardiometabolic risk in children remains unclear. Objective We aimed to study the causal relation of abdominal adiposity with cardiometabolic risk factors in children by applying Mendelian randomization. Methods We constructed a genetic risk score (GRS) using variants previously associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI) and examined its associations with cardiometabolic factors by linear regression and Mendelian randomization in a meta-analysis of 6 cohorts, including 9895 European children and adolescents aged 3–17 y. Results WHRadjBMI GRS was associated with higher WHRadjBMI (β = 0.021 SD/allele; 95% CI: 0.016, 0.026 SD/allele; P = 3 × 10−15) and with unfavorable concentrations of blood lipids (higher LDL cholesterol: β = 0.006 SD/allele; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.011 SD/allele; P = 0.025; lower HDL cholesterol: β = −0.007 SD/allele; 95% CI: −0.012, −0.002 SD/allele; P = 0.009; higher triglycerides: β = 0.007 SD/allele; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.012 SD/allele; P = 0.006). No differences were detected between prepubertal and pubertal/postpubertal children. The WHRadjBMI GRS had a stronger association with fasting insulin in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity (β = 0.016 SD/allele; 95% CI: 0.001, 0.032 SD/allele; P = 0.037) than in those with normal weight (β = −0.002 SD/allele; 95% CI: −0.010, 0.006 SD/allele; P = 0.605) (P for difference = 0.034). In a 2-stage least-squares regression analysis, each genetically instrumented 1-SD increase in WHRadjBMI increased circulating triglycerides by 0.17 mmol/L (0.35 SD, P = 0.040), suggesting that the relation between abdominal adiposity and circulating triglycerides may be causal. Conclusions Abdominal adiposity may have a causal, unfavorable effect on plasma triglycerides and potentially other cardiometabolic risk factors starting in childhood. The results highlight the importance of early weight management through healthy dietary habits and physically active lifestyle among children with a tendency for abdominal adiposity.

scholarly journals The Association Between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiometabolic Risk in Children is Mediated by Abdominal Adiposity: The HAPPY Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1148-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Bailey ◽  
Louise A. Savory ◽  
Sarah J. Denton ◽  
Catherine J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Health Related

Background:It is unclear whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is independently linked to cardiometabolic risk in children. This study investigated a) the association between CRF level and presence of cardiometabolic risk disorders using health-related cut points, and b) whether these associations were mediated by abdominal adiposity in children.Methods:This was a cross-sectional design study. Anthropometry, biochemical parameters and CRF were assessed in 147 schoolchildren (75 girls) aged 10 to 14 years. CRF was determined using a maximal cycle ergometer test. Children were classified as ‘fit’ or ‘unfit’ according to published thresholds. Logistic regression was used to investigate the odds of having individual and clustered cardiometabolic risk factors according to CRF level and whether abdominal adiposity mediated these associations.Results:Children classified as unfit had increased odds of presenting individual and clustered cardiometabolic risk factors (P < .05), but these associations no longer remained after adjusting for abdominal adiposity (P > .05).Conclusions:This study suggests that the association between CRF and cardiometabolic risk is mediated by abdominal adiposity in 10- to 14-year-old children and that abdominal adiposity may be a more important determinant of adverse cardiometabolic health in this age group.

Increased monocyte to HDL cholesterol ratio in vitamin B12 deficiency: is it related to cardiometabolic risk?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sanem Kayhan ◽  
Nazli Gulsoy Kirnap ◽  
Mercan Tastemur
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
Deficiency Group

Abstract. Vitamin B12 deficiency may have indirect cardiovascular effects in addition to hematological and neuropsychiatric symptoms. It was shown that the monocyte count-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio (MHR) is a novel cardiovascular marker. In this study, the aim was to evaluate whether MHR was high in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and its relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors. The study included 128 patients diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency and 93 healthy controls. Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency had significantly higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), MHR, C-reactive protein (CRP) and uric acid levels compared with the controls (median 139 vs 115 mmHg, p < 0.001; 80 vs 70 mmHg, p < 0.001; 14.2 vs 9.5, p < 0.001; 10.2 vs 4 mg/dl p < 0.001; 6.68 vs 4.8 mg/dl, p < 0.001 respectively). The prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy was higher in vitamin B12 deficiency group (43.8%) than the control group (8.6%) (p < 0.001). In vitamin B12 deficiency group, a positive correlation was detected between MHR and SBP, CRP and uric acid (p < 0.001 r:0.34, p < 0.001 r:0.30, p < 0.001 r:0.5, respectively) and a significant negative correlation was detected between MHR and T-CHOL, LDL, HDL and B12 (p < 0.001 r: −0.39, p < 0.001 r: −0.34, p < 0.001 r: −0.57, p < 0.04 r: −0.17, respectively). MHR was high in vitamin B12 deficiency group, and correlated with the cardiometabolic risk factors in this group, which were SBP, CRP, uric acid and HDL. In conclusion, MRH, which can be easily calculated in clinical practice, can be a useful marker to assess cardiovascular risk in patients with vitamin B12 deficiency.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document