scholarly journals Metabolism of cis- and trans-Resveratrol and Dihydroresveratrol in an Intestinal Epithelial Model

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
Veronika Jarosova ◽  
Ondrej Vesely ◽  
Ivo Doskocil ◽  
Katerina Tomisova ◽  
Petr Marsik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Main Metabolite ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Scientific Value ◽  
Cis And Trans ◽  
Sulphate Conjugate ◽  
French Paradox

Trans-resveratrol, a well-known plant phenolic compound, has been intensively investigated due to its association with the so-called French paradox. However, despite its high pharmacological potential, trans-resveratrol has shown relatively low bioavailability. Trans-resveratrol is intensively metabolized in the intestine and liver, yielding metabolites that may be responsible for its high bioactivity. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the metabolism of trans-resveratrol (tRes), cis-resveratrol (cRes) and dihydroresveratrol (dhRes) in an in vitro epithelial model using Caco-2 cell lines. Obtained metabolites of tRes, cRes and dhRes were analyzed by LC/MS Q-TOF, and significant differences in the metabolism of each compound were observed. The majority of tRes was transported unchanged through the Caco-2 cells, while cRes was mostly metabolized. The main metabolite of both cis- and trans-resveratrol observed as a result of colon microbial metabolism, dhRes, was metabolized almost completely, with only traces of the unchanged molecule being found. A sulphate conjugate was identified as the main metabolite of tRes in our model, while a glucuronide conjugate was the major metabolite of cRes and dhRes. Since metabolism of simple phenolics and polyphenols plays a crucial role in their bioavailability, detailed knowledge of their transformation is of high scientific value.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Lactoferrin against SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Salaris ◽  
Melania Scarpa ◽  
Marina Elli ◽  
Alice Bertolini ◽  
Simone Guglielmetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Immune Response Gene ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Antiviral Immune Response ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

SARS-CoV-2 is a newly emerging virus that currently lacks curative treatments. Lactoferrin (LF) is a naturally occurring non-toxic glycoprotein with broad-spectrum antiviral, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we assessed the potential of LF in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Antiviral immune response gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR in uninfected Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells treated with LF. An infection assay for SARS-CoV-2 was performed in Caco-2 cells treated or not with LF. SARS-CoV-2 titer was determined by qRT-PCR, plaque assay and immunostaining. Inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine production was determined by qRT-PCR. LF significantly induced the expression of IFNA1, IFNB1, TLR3, TLR7, IRF3, IRF7 and MAVS genes. Furthermore, LF partially inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. Our in vitro data support LF as an immune modulator of the antiviral immune response with moderate effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Plectin ensures intestinal epithelial integrity and protects colon against colitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-702
Author(s):  
Alzbeta Krausova ◽  
Petra Buresova ◽  
Lenka Sarnova ◽  
Gizem Oyman-Eyrilmez ◽  
Jozef Skarda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Intercellular Junctions ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Cell Junctions ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Critical Determinant ◽  
In Vitro Feeding

AbstractPlectin, a highly versatile cytolinker protein, provides tissues with mechanical stability through the integration of intermediate filaments (IFs) with cell junctions. Here, we hypothesize that plectin-controlled cytoarchitecture is a critical determinant of the intestinal barrier function and homeostasis. Mice lacking plectin in an intestinal epithelial cell (IEC; PleΔIEC) spontaneously developed colitis characterized by extensive detachment of IECs from the basement membrane (BM), increased intestinal permeability, and inflammatory lesions. Moreover, plectin expression was reduced in the colons of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and negatively correlated with the severity of colitis. Mechanistically, plectin deficiency in IECs led to aberrant keratin filament (KF) network organization and the formation of dysfunctional hemidesmosomes (HDs) and intercellular junctions. In addition, the hemidesmosomal α6β4 integrin (Itg) receptor showed attenuated association with KFs, and protein profiling revealed prominent downregulation of junctional constituents. Consistent with the effects of plectin loss in the intestinal epithelium, plectin-deficient IECs exhibited remarkably reduced mechanical stability and limited adhesion capacity in vitro. Feeding mice with a low-residue liquid diet that reduced mechanical stress and antibiotic treatment successfully mitigated epithelial damage in the PleΔIEC colon.

Nutmeg Nutraceutical Constituents: In vitro and In vivo Pharmacological Potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanu Malik ◽  
Ruchi Sharma ◽  
Paramjit Singh Panesar ◽  
Rakesh Gehlot ◽  
Ozlem Tokusoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Potential

scholarly journals Novel GM1 ganglioside-like peptide mimics prevent the association of cholera toxin to human intestinal epithelial in vitro

Glycobiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 540-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K Yu ◽  
Seigo Usuki ◽  
Yutaka Itokazu ◽  
Han-Chung Wu
Keyword(s):  
Cholera Toxin ◽  
Gm1 Ganglioside ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Peptide Mimics

scholarly journals The radiosensitising effect of gemcitabine and its main metabolite dFdU under low oxygen conditions is in vitro not dependent on functional HIF-1 protein

BMC Cancer ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
An Wouters ◽  
Bea Pauwels ◽  
Natalie Burrows ◽  
Marc Baay ◽  
Vanessa Deschoolmeester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Main Metabolite ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

The effect of berberine in vitro on tight junctions in human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells

Fitoterapia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Gu ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Qiurong Li ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Chengyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tight Junctions ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial

scholarly journals A σ28-Regulated Nonflagella Gene Contributes to Virulence of Campylobacter jejuni 81-176

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 769-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scarlett Goon ◽  
Cheryl P. Ewing ◽  
Maria Lorenzo ◽  
Dawn Pattarini ◽  
Gary Majam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
Model Expression

ABSTRACT A Campylobacter jejuni 81-176 mutant in Cj0977 was fully motile but reduced >3 logs compared to the parent in invasion of intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. The mutant was also attenuated in a ferret diarrheal disease model. Expression of Cj0977 protein was dependent on a minimal flagella structure.

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