scholarly journals Dietary Curcumin Supplementation Increases Antioxidant Capacity, Upregulates Nrf2 and Hmox1 Levels in the Liver of Piglet Model with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Niu ◽  
Jintian He ◽  
Hussain Ahmad ◽  
Mingming Shen ◽  
Yongwei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Neonatal Piglets

Curcumin has improved effects on antioxidant capacity via multiple mechanisms. Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) has had adverse influences on human health. IUGR is always associated with elevated oxidative stress and deficiencies in antioxidant defense. Therefore, we chose IUGR piglets as a model to investigate the effects of IUGR on antioxidant capacity of newborn and weaned piglets and determine how these alterations were regulated after supplementation with curcumin in weaned IUGR piglets. In experiment 1, eight normal-birth-weight (NBW) and eight IUGR newborn piglets were selected to determine the effect of IUGR on the antioxidant capacity of neonatal piglets. In experiment 2, thirty-two weaned piglets from four experimental groups: NBW, NC (curcumin supplementation), IUGR, IC (curcumin supplementation) were selected. The results showed that both IUGR newborn and weaned piglets exhibited oxidative damage and lower antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver compared with the NBW piglets. Dietary curcumin supplementation increased body-weight gain, feed intake, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and the expressions of nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1) proteins in the liver of weaned piglets with IUGR. In conclusion, IUGR decreased the antioxidant capacity of newborn and weaned piglets. Curcumin could efficiently improve the growth, increase hepatic antioxidant capacity, and upregulate Nrf2 and Hmox1 levels in the liver of IUGR weaned piglets.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Improves Hepatic Redox Status and Lipid Balance of Neonates with Intrauterine Growth Retardation in a Piglet Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Kang Cheng ◽  
Shuli Ji ◽  
Peilu Jia ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Lipid Balance

Abnormal lipid metabolism, oxidative stress (OS), and inflammation play a pivotal role in the increased susceptibility to neonatal fatty liver diseases associated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). This study was firstly conducted to investigate whether resveratrol could alleviate IUGR-induced hepatic lipid accumulation, alteration of redox and immune status in a sucking piglet model and explore the possible mechanisms at transcriptional levels. A total of 36 pairs of 7 d old male normal birth weight (NBW) and IUGR piglets were orally fed with either 80 mg resveratrol/kg body weight/d or 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium for a period of 14 days, respectively. Compared with the NBW piglets, the IUGR piglets displayed compromised growth performance and liver weight, reduced plasma free fatty acid (FFA) level, increased hepatic OS, abnormal hepatic lipid accumulation and weakened hepatic immune function, and hepatic aberrant transcriptional expression of some genes such as heme oxygenase 1, superoxide dismutase 1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, liver fatty acid-binding proteins 1, toll-like receptor 4, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Oral administration of resveratrol to piglets decreased the levels of FFA and total triglycerides (TG) in the plasma and hepatic TNF-α concentration, and increased glutathione reductase activity and reduced glutathione level in the liver. Resveratrol restored the increased alanine aminotransferase activity in the plasma of IUGR piglets. Treatment with resveratrol ameliorated the increased hepatic malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, TG, and FFA concentrations induced by IUGR. Resveratrol treatment alleviated the reduced lipoprotein lipase activity and its mRNA expression as well as TNF-α gene expression in the liver of IUGR piglets. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase 1 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 genes expression of piglets was upregulated by oral resveratrol administration. In conclusion, resveratrol administration plays a beneficial role in hepatic redox status and lipid balance of the IUGR piglets.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplemented Curcumin Improves Meat Quality and Antioxidant Status of Intrauterine Growth Retardation Growing Pigs via Nrf2 Signal Pathway

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligen Zhang ◽  
Jiaqi Zhang ◽  
Enfa Yan ◽  
Jintian He ◽  
Xiang Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Signal Pathway ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Nrf2 Pathway ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) exhibits programming consequences and may induce oxidative stress in growing animals and humans. This study was conducted to investigate the hypothesis that dietary curcumin may protect growing pigs from IUGR-induced oxidative stress via the Nrf2 pathway. Twelve normal birth weight (NBW) and 24 IUGR female piglets were selected and fed control diets supplemented 0 (NBW), 0 (IUGR) and 200 (IUGR + Cur) mg/kg curcumin from 26 to 115 days of age (n = 12). Growth performance, meat quality, redox status and its related Nrf2 pathway were determined. Results showed that IUGR pigs exhibited decreased body weight on 0 d, 26 d and 56 d (p < 0.01) but had no difference on 115 d among NBW, IUGR and IUGR + Cur groups (p > 0.05). Compared with NBW and IUGR groups, a significant decrease in drip loss (24 h and 48 h) was observed in the IUGR + Cur group (p < 0.01). IUGR pigs had higher concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.01) and protein carbonyl (PC) (p = 0.03) and lower activities of glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.02), catalase (p < 0.01) and peroxidase (p = 0.02) in leg muscles than NBW pigs. Dietary-added 200 mg/kg curcumin decreased concentrations of MDA and PC and improved the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase as compared to the IUGR group (p < 0.05). Additionally, dietary curcumin enhanced protein (NQO1) and mRNA expression of genes (Nrf2, NQO1, gamma-glutamyltransferase 1 (GGT1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT)) as compared to the IUGR group (p < 0.05). These results suggest that dietary curcumin could serve as a potential additive to enhance redox status and improve meat quality of IUGR growing pigs via the Nrf2 signal pathway.

scholarly journals Dietary Dihydroartemisinin Supplementation Attenuates Hepatic Oxidative Damage of Weaned Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation through the Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1144
Author(s):  
Yongwei Zhao ◽  
Yu Niu ◽  
Jintian He ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Normal Birth

The object of present study was to evaluate the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) supplementation on the hepatic antioxidant capacity in IUGR-affected weaned piglets. Eight piglets with normal birth weight (NBW) and sixteen IUGR-affected piglets were selected. Piglets were weaned at 21 days. NBW and IUGR groups were fed a basal diet and the ID group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 80 mg/kg DHA for 28 days. The result indicated that compared with NBW piglets, IUGR-affected piglets increased (p < 0.05) the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased (p < 0.05) the serum activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). In addition, IUGR-affected piglets showed increased (p < 0.05) hepatic concentrations of protein carbonyl (PC), 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and an increased GSSG:GSH value. IUGR-affected piglets exhibited lower (p < 0.05) activities of GSH-Px, T-SOD, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and the concentration of glutathione (GSH). DHA supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) the serum concentration of MDA and increased the serum activities of T-AOC, T-SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT. The ID group showed decreased (p < 0.05) concentrations of MDA, PC, 8-OHdG, and GSSG, and a decreased GSSG:GSH value in the liver. The hepatic activity of T-SOD and the concentration of GSH were increased (p < 0.05) in the liver of ID group. IUGR-affected piglets downregulated (p < 0.05) mRNA expression of nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and CAT. DHA supplementation increased (p < 0.05) mRNA expression of Nrf2, HO-1, GPx1, and CAT in the ID group. In addition, the protein expression of Nrf2 was downregulated (p < 0.05) in the liver of IUGR-affected piglets and DHA supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the protein content of Nrf2 and HO-1. In conclusion, DHA may be beneficial in alleviating oxidative damage induced by IUGR through the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in the liver.

scholarly journals Dietary Dihydroartemisinin Supplementation Alleviates Intestinal Inflammatory Injury Through TLR4/NODs/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Weaned Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Niu ◽  
Yongwei Zhao ◽  
Jintian He ◽  
Yang Yun ◽  
Mingming Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Enterocyte Proliferation

Abstract Background: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) leads to impaired intestinal morphology and function. IUGR infants are at a risk for intestinal inflammatory diseases. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a derivative of artemisinin, which possesses anti-inflammatory activity and immunomodulatory effect. However, little is known about the effects of DHA on IUGR piglets. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate whether dietary DHA supplementation could attenuate intestinal injury in IUGR weaned piglets. Methods: Piglets with normal birth weight or IUGR were fed the basal diet or basal diet supplemented with 80 mg/kg DHA from 21 d to 49 days of age. At 49 days of age, eight piglets from each group with nearly similar body weight were sacrificed. The jejunal and ileal samples were collected for further analysis.Results: IUGR impaired intestinal morphology, increased intestinal inflammatory response, raised enterocyte apoptosis and reduced enterocyte proliferation and activated TLR4/NODs/NF-κB signaling pathway. DHA supplementation improved intestinal morphology, indicated by higher villus height, villus height to crypt depth ratio, villus surface area and lower villus width of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). DHA inclusion exhibited higher apoptosis index and the expression of caspase-3, and lower proliferation index and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the intestine of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Diet supplemented with DHA could attenuate intesitnal inflammation, indicated by higher concentrations of intestinal inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides in IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). In addition, DHA down-regulated the related mRNA expressions of TLR4/NODs/NF-κB signaling pathway and up-regulated mRNA expressions of TLR4 and NODs signaling negative regulators in the intestine of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Dietary DHA supplementation decreased the protein expressions of toll-like receptors 4, phosphorylated NF-κB (pNF-κB) inhibitor α, nuclear pNF-κB, and increased the protein expression of cytoplasmic pNF-κB in the intestine of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Dietary DHA supplementation may have beneficial effects in improving intestinal morphology, regulating enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and alleviating intestinal inflammation through TLR4/NODs/NF-κB signaling pathway in IUGR weaned piglets.

The Health Consequences of Intrauterine Growth Retardation in Southwestern Ethiopia

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assegid Kebede ◽  
Charles Larson
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
World Knowledge ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Historical Cohort ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Southwestern Ethiopia

Although over 90% of low birth weight deliveries occur in the developing world, knowledge of its occurrence and consequences are largely based on studies in developed populations. The aim of this investigation was to determine the health consequences of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) among an historical cohort of children delivered in a regional hospital located in southwestern Ethiopia. Following a census of all births over a three year period 116 full-term, IUGR and normal birth weight (NBW) matched pairs between 3 and 40 months of age were identified. IUGR children were found to be at elevated risk for moderate to severe malnutrition [relative risk (RR) = 2.26 (1.15, 4.43)], frequent illnesses (RR = 1.29 (1.13, 1.46)), and current illness (RR 1.52 (1.10, 2.09)). Catch-up growth among IUGR children did not occur. A steady decline in the growth of NBW children resulted in similar anthropometric outcomes by 2 years of age between the two groups.

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