Effects of dietary dihydroartemisinin supplementation on growth performance, hepatic inflammation, and lipid metabolism in weaned piglets with intrauterine growth retardation

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwei Zhao ◽  
Yu Niu ◽  
Jintian He ◽  
Zhending Gan ◽  
Shuli Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Hepatic Inflammation ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

scholarly journals Dietary Curcumin Supplementation Increases Antioxidant Capacity, Upregulates Nrf2 and Hmox1 Levels in the Liver of Piglet Model with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Niu ◽  
Jintian He ◽  
Hussain Ahmad ◽  
Mingming Shen ◽  
Yongwei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Neonatal Piglets

Curcumin has improved effects on antioxidant capacity via multiple mechanisms. Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) has had adverse influences on human health. IUGR is always associated with elevated oxidative stress and deficiencies in antioxidant defense. Therefore, we chose IUGR piglets as a model to investigate the effects of IUGR on antioxidant capacity of newborn and weaned piglets and determine how these alterations were regulated after supplementation with curcumin in weaned IUGR piglets. In experiment 1, eight normal-birth-weight (NBW) and eight IUGR newborn piglets were selected to determine the effect of IUGR on the antioxidant capacity of neonatal piglets. In experiment 2, thirty-two weaned piglets from four experimental groups: NBW, NC (curcumin supplementation), IUGR, IC (curcumin supplementation) were selected. The results showed that both IUGR newborn and weaned piglets exhibited oxidative damage and lower antioxidant enzymes activities in the liver compared with the NBW piglets. Dietary curcumin supplementation increased body-weight gain, feed intake, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and the expressions of nuclear factor, erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1) proteins in the liver of weaned piglets with IUGR. In conclusion, IUGR decreased the antioxidant capacity of newborn and weaned piglets. Curcumin could efficiently improve the growth, increase hepatic antioxidant capacity, and upregulate Nrf2 and Hmox1 levels in the liver of IUGR weaned piglets.

scholarly journals Dietary Dihydroartemisinin Supplementation Alleviates Intestinal Inflammatory Injury Through TLR4/NODs/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Weaned Piglets with Intrauterine Growth Retardation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Niu ◽  
Yongwei Zhao ◽  
Jintian He ◽  
Yang Yun ◽  
Mingming Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Enterocyte Proliferation

Abstract Background: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) leads to impaired intestinal morphology and function. IUGR infants are at a risk for intestinal inflammatory diseases. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a derivative of artemisinin, which possesses anti-inflammatory activity and immunomodulatory effect. However, little is known about the effects of DHA on IUGR piglets. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate whether dietary DHA supplementation could attenuate intestinal injury in IUGR weaned piglets. Methods: Piglets with normal birth weight or IUGR were fed the basal diet or basal diet supplemented with 80 mg/kg DHA from 21 d to 49 days of age. At 49 days of age, eight piglets from each group with nearly similar body weight were sacrificed. The jejunal and ileal samples were collected for further analysis.Results: IUGR impaired intestinal morphology, increased intestinal inflammatory response, raised enterocyte apoptosis and reduced enterocyte proliferation and activated TLR4/NODs/NF-κB signaling pathway. DHA supplementation improved intestinal morphology, indicated by higher villus height, villus height to crypt depth ratio, villus surface area and lower villus width of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). DHA inclusion exhibited higher apoptosis index and the expression of caspase-3, and lower proliferation index and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the intestine of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Diet supplemented with DHA could attenuate intesitnal inflammation, indicated by higher concentrations of intestinal inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides in IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). In addition, DHA down-regulated the related mRNA expressions of TLR4/NODs/NF-κB signaling pathway and up-regulated mRNA expressions of TLR4 and NODs signaling negative regulators in the intestine of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Dietary DHA supplementation decreased the protein expressions of toll-like receptors 4, phosphorylated NF-κB (pNF-κB) inhibitor α, nuclear pNF-κB, and increased the protein expression of cytoplasmic pNF-κB in the intestine of IUGR piglets (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Dietary DHA supplementation may have beneficial effects in improving intestinal morphology, regulating enterocyte proliferation and apoptosis, and alleviating intestinal inflammation through TLR4/NODs/NF-κB signaling pathway in IUGR weaned piglets.

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