scholarly journals Osteogenic Effect of ZnO-Mesoporous Glasses Loaded with Osteostatin

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Pérez ◽  
Sandra Sanchez-Salcedo ◽  
Daniel Lozano ◽  
Clara Heras ◽  
Pedro Esbrit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Growth ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone Related Protein ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Osteogenic Effect

Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses (MBGs) are a family of bioceramics widely investigated for their putative clinical use as scaffolds for bone regeneration. Their outstanding textural properties allow for high bioactivity when compared with other bioactive materials. Moreover, their great pore volumes allow these glasses to be loaded with a wide range of biomolecules to stimulate new bone formation. In this study, an MBG with a composition, in mol%, of 80% SiO2–15% CaO–5% P2O5 (Blank, BL) was compared with two analogous glasses containing 4% and 5% of ZnO (4ZN and 5ZN) before and after impregnation with osteostatin, a C-terminal peptide from a parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP107-111). Zn2+ ions were included in the glass for their bone growth stimulator properties, whereas osteostatin was added for its osteogenic properties. Glasses were characterized, and their cytocompatibility investigated, in pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell cultures. The simultaneous additions of osteostatin and Zn2+ ions provoked enhanced MC3T3-E1 cell viability and a higher differentiation capacity, compared with either raw BL or MBGs supplemented only with osteostatin or Zn2+. These in vitro results show that osteostatin enhances the osteogenic effect of Zn2+-enriched glasses, suggesting the potential of this combined approach in bone tissue engineering applications.

scholarly journals Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses for Wound Management: From Skin Regeneration to Cancer Therapy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3337
Author(s):  
Sara Hooshmand ◽  
Sahar Mollazadeh ◽  
Negar Akrami ◽  
Mehrnoosh Ghanad ◽  
Ahmed El-Fiqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Skin Regeneration ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Wide Range

Exploring new therapies for managing skin wounds is under progress and, in this regard, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) offer great opportunities in treating acute, chronic, and malignant wounds. In general, therapeutic effectiveness of both MSNs and MBGs in different formulations (fine powder, fibers, composites etc.) has been proved over all the four stages of normal wound healing including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. The main merits of these porous substances can be summarized as their excellent biocompatibility and the ability of loading and delivering a wide range of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic bioactive molecules and chemicals. In addition, doping with inorganic elements (e.g., Cu, Ga, and Ta) into MSNs and MBGs structure is a feasible and practical approach to prepare customized materials for improved skin regeneration. Nowadays, MSNs and MBGs could be utilized in the concept of targeted therapy of skin malignancies (e.g., melanoma) by grafting of specific ligands. Since potential effects of various parameters including the chemical composition, particle size/morphology, textural properties, and surface chemistry should be comprehensively determined via cellular in vitro and in vivo assays, it seems still too early to draw a conclusion on ultimate efficacy of MSNs and MBGs in skin regeneration. In this regard, there are some concerns over the final fate of MSNs and MBGs in the wound site plus optimal dosages for achieving the best outcomes that deserve careful investigation in the future.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Mineralogenic and Osteogenic Activities of Spartina alterniflora and Salicornia fragilis Extracts Rich in Polyphenols

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia P. Roberto ◽  
Gwladys Surget ◽  
Klervi Le Lann ◽  
Sara Mira ◽  
Marco Tarasco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spartina Alterniflora ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Matrix Mineralization ◽  
Marine Plants ◽  
Proliferative Effect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Osteogenic Effect ◽  
Prevalence Of Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is an aging-related disease and a worldwide health issue. Current therapeutics have failed to reduce the prevalence of osteoporosis in the human population, thus the discovery of compounds with bone anabolic properties that could be the basis of next generation drugs is a priority. Marine plants contain a wide range of bioactive compounds and the presence of osteoactive phytochemicals was investigated in two halophytes collected in Brittany (France): the invasive Spartina alterniflora and the native Salicornia fragilis. Two semi-purified fractions, prepared through liquid-liquid extraction, were assessed for phenolic and flavonoid contents, and for the presence of antioxidant, mineralogenic and osteogenic bioactivities. Ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) was rich in phenolic compounds and exhibited the highest antioxidant activity. While S. fragilis EAF only triggered a weak proliferative effect in vitro, S. alterniflora EAF potently induced extracellular matrix mineralization (7-fold at 250 μg/mL). A strong osteogenic effect was also observed in vivo using zebrafish operculum assay (2.5-fold at 10 μg/mL in 9-dpf larvae). Results indicate that polyphenol rich EAF of S. alterniflora has both antioxidant and bone anabolic activities. As an invasive species, this marine plant may represent a sustainable source of molecules for therapeutic applications in bone disorders.

scholarly journals On the in Vitro Biocompatibility Testing of Bioactive Glasses

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devis Bellucci ◽  
Elena Veronesi ◽  
Massimo Dominici ◽  
Valeria Cannillo
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Biocompatibility Testing ◽  
45S5 Bioglass ◽  
First Time

In this work, a new 3D cellular model—based on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM–MSCs)—was used for the first time to test the 45S5 Bioglass® (45S5). Such a model, previously used to evaluate the biologic performance of two novel bioactive glasses, suggested out the regenerative potential of such materials. In fact, BM–MSCs were able both to adhere and colonize the biomaterials, as well as differentiate toward osteoblasts—even in absence of specific growth factors. Surprisingly, BM–MSCs were not able to colonize 45S5 granules (almost no adhesion and/or colonization was observed), and thus, were not capable of providing any osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, the model seems to suggest that the two novel bioactive glasses have a better biologic performance than 45S5. If this hypothesis is confirmed also by in vivo tests, the 3D model may become a predictive tool for discriminating between different potential bioactive materials by comparatively evaluating them, and preliminarily selecting the best ones in relation to their biocompatibility potential—before proceeding with further experiments in vivo. This approach could favor the reduction of costs and time of pre-clinical and clinical trials.

scholarly journals CXXC5 mediates growth plate senescence and is a target for enhancement of longitudinal bone growth

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. e201800254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehee Choi ◽  
Hyun-Yi Kim ◽  
Pu-Hyeon Cha ◽  
Seol Hwa Seo ◽  
Chulho Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Screening Assay ◽  
Longitudinal Bone Growth ◽  
Delayed Senescence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Delayed Growth

Longitudinal bone growth ceases with growth plate senescence during puberty. However, the molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon are largely unexplored. Here, we examined Wnt-responsive genes before and after growth plate senescence and found that CXXC finger protein 5 (CXXC5), a negative regulator of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, was gradually elevated with reduction of Wnt/β-catenin signaling during senescent changes of rodent growth plate. Cxxc5−/− mice demonstrated delayed growth plate senescence and tibial elongation. As CXXC5 functions by interacting with dishevelled (DVL), we sought to identify small molecules capable of disrupting this interaction. In vitro screening assay monitoring CXXC5–DVL interaction revealed that several indirubin analogs were effective antagonists of this interaction. A functionally improved indirubin derivative, KY19382, elongated tibial length through delayed senescence and further activation of the growth plate in adolescent mice. Collectively, our findings reveal an important role for CXXC5 as a suppressor of longitudinal bone growth involving growth plate activity.

scholarly journals Dolomite-Foamed Bioactive Silicate Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Repair

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Fiume ◽  
Dilshat Tulyaganov ◽  
Graziano Ubertalli ◽  
Enrica Verné ◽  
Francesco Baino
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Minimum Requirements ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

The use of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds is recognized worldwide as a valuable biomedical approach for promoting tissue regeneration in critical-size bone defects. Over the last 50 years, bioactive glasses have been intensively investigated in a wide range of different clinical applications, from orthopedics to soft tissue healing. Bioactive glasses exhibit the unique capability to chemically bond to the host tissue and, furthermore, their processing versatility makes them very appealing due to the availability of different manufacturing techniques for the production of porous and interconnected synthetic bone grafts able to support new tissue growth over the whole duration of the treatment. As a novel contribution to the broad field of scaffold manufacturing, we report here an effective and relatively easy method to produce silicate glass-derived scaffolds by using, for the first time in the biomedical field, dolomite powder as a foaming agent for the formation of 3D bone-like porous structures. Morphological/structural features, crystallization behavior, and in vitro bioactivity in a simulated body fluid (SBF) were investigated. All the tested scaffolds were found to fulfil the minimum requirements that a scaffold for osseous repair should exhibit, including porosity (65–83 vol.%) and compressive strength (1.3–3.9 MPa) comparable to those of cancellous bone, as well as hydroxyapatite-forming ability (bioactivity). This study proves the suitability of a dolomite-foaming method for the production of potentially suitable bone grafts based on bioactive glass systems.

scholarly journals In Vitro Hydroxyapatite-Forming Ability and Antimicrobial Properties of Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses Doped with Ti/Ag

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiming Lin ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Fengyu Qu ◽  
Jingjie Jiang ◽  
Pingping Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Improved Characteristics ◽  
Regeneration Systems

Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) doped with Ti/Ag were synthesized. The structural, morphological, and textural properties of all samples were investigated by small-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, andN2adsorption-desorption technique. In vitro hydroxyapatite- (HAP-) induced growth and antimicrobial properties of these materials were investigated in detail. These results indicate that MBGs-Ti/Ag possess faster HAP-induced growth and higher sterilization rate than the pure MBGs materials. With Ti/Ag doping, these functional MBGs show the improved characteristics and have more promising potential in bone-tissue regeneration systems and surgery.

scholarly journals Effect of pH on the In Vitro Biocompatibility of Surfactant-Assisted Synthesis and Hydrothermal Precipitation of Rod-Shaped Nano-Hydroxyapatite

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2994
Author(s):  
Dan-Jae Lin ◽  
Hao-Lian Lin ◽  
Ssu-Meng Haung ◽  
Shih-Ming Liu ◽  
Wen-Cheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Stable Process ◽  
In Vitro Biocompatibility ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alkaline Environments ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hydrothermal Precipitation ◽  
Surfactant Assisted

Given their wide range of biomedical applications, hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles are an attractive material widely used in many fields. Therefore, a simple, inexpensive, and stable process for the synthesis of HA nanoparticles is necessary to meet current needs. Herein, we studied HA synthesis assisted by four surfactants, namely cation, anion, non-ionic, and zwitterion templates, to verify the synthesis phase, aspect ratio, morphology, and biocompatibility under different environments (i.e., pH 4 and 9) before and after calcination. Results showed that before calcination, the surfactant-free groups could not produce HA but showed an abundant dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) phase at pH 4. Except for the anionic group containing a small amount of DCPA, all surfactant-assistant groups presented single-phase HA in acidic and alkaline environments. The diameter of HA synthesized at pH 4 was significantly larger than that of HA synthesized at pH 9, and the effect of aspect ratio changes after calcination was more significant than that before calcination. The uncalcined rod-shaped HA synthesized with a non-ionic template at pH 4 demonstrated excellent cell viability, whereas anionic, cationic, and non-ionic surfactants exhibited biocompatibility only after calcination. At pH 9, non-ionic and uncalcined zwitterion-assisted rod-shaped HA showed excellent biocompatibility. In conclusion, the uncalcined HA rod-shaped nanoparticles synthesized from the non-ionic template at pH 4 and 9 and the zwitterion template at pH 9, as well as all surfactant-assisted HA after calcination, had no cytotoxicity. These tailor-made non-toxic HA types can meet the different requirements of apatite composite materials in biomedical applications.

scholarly journals In Vitro Bioactivity of PMMA-co-EHA Composites Filled with SiO2-Free Glass

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (S3) ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
P.P. Lopes ◽  
B.J.M. Leite Ferreira ◽  
R.N. Correia ◽  
H.F.V. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Body Fluid ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
In Vitro Bioactivity ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Bioactive Materials ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Titania Gel ◽  
Living Bone ◽  
Free Glass

Bioactive materials for potential medical application have inspired and stimulated new searches. It has been confirmed that bioactive glasses bond to living bone through an apatite layer that precipitates on their surface in physiological media. These glasses normally constituted by silica, where the silicon is the network former, induce apatite nucleation by the formation of Si-OH groups. The presence of OH groups seems to be of utmost importance in the bioactive behaviour of materials. It was revealed that even metals, such as pure titania gel can bond to bone, if previously subjected to alkali and heat treatments. In the present work a new composite with a Ca-P-Ti glass was synthesized and its in vitro bioactivity was studied in Kokubo's simulated body fluid. It is believed that the formation of Ti-OH groups on the glass can induce apatite precipitation on the composites surface.

scholarly journals Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko-Hsiu Lu ◽  
Renn-Chia Lin ◽  
Jia-Sin Yang ◽  
Wei-En Yang ◽  
Russel J. Reiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Review Reports

Osteosarcoma, the most common primary bone malignancy, occurs most frequently in adolescents with a peak of incidence at 11–15 years. Melatonin, an indole amine hormone, shows a wide range of anticancer activities. The decrease in melatonin levels simultaneously concurs with the increase in bone growth and the peak age distribution of osteosarcoma during puberty, so melatonin has been utilized as an adjunct to chemotherapy to improve the quality of life and clinical outcomes. While a large amount of research has been conducted to understand the complex pleiotropic functions and the molecular and cellular actions elicited by melatonin in various types of cancers, a few review reports have focused on osteosarcoma. Herein, we summarized the anti-osteosarcoma effects of melatonin and its underlying molecular mechanisms to illustrate the known significance of melatonin in osteosarcoma and to address cellular signaling pathways of melatonin in vitro and in animal models. Even in the same kind of osteosarcoma, melatonin has been sparingly investigated to counteract tumor growth, apoptosis, and metastasis through different mechanisms, depending on different cell lines. We highlighted the underlying mechanism of anti-osteosarcoma properties evoked by melatonin, including antioxidant activity, anti-proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of invasion and metastasis. Moreover, we discussed the drug synergy effects of the role of melatonin involved and the method to fortify the anti-cancer effects on osteosarcoma. As a potential therapeutic agent, melatonin is safe for children and adolescents and is a promising candidate for an adjuvant by reinforcing the therapeutic effects and abolishing the unwanted consequences of chemotherapies.

scholarly journals A New Bioactive Glass/Collagen Hybrid Composite for Applications in Dentistry

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devis Bellucci ◽  
Roberta Salvatori ◽  
Jessica Giannatiempo ◽  
Alexandre Anesi ◽  
Sergio Bortolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Bioactive Glasses ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Murine Fibroblasts ◽  
45S5 Bioglass ◽  
Dental Applications ◽  
Stimulate Cell Proliferation

Bioactive glasses (BGs) are currently employed in a wide range of medical and dentistry applications by virtue of their bone-bonding ability. The incorporation of BGs into a collagen matrix may be used to combine the regenerative potential of these materials with the specific biological advantages of collagen. However, most of the collagen/BG composites reported in the literature are scaffolds and there is a lack of moldable putties or injectable systems. Here, granules of an innovative BG containing strontium and magnesium were mixed with collagen and PEG to obtain a putty (BGMS/C) suitable for dental applications. For the sake of comparison, granules of 45S5 Bioglass®, the gold standard among BGs, were used to prepare a 45S5/collagen putty. Both the composites were evaluated in vitro with respect to murine fibroblasts. The materials showed an excellent biocompatibility, making them interesting for possible applications in dentistry and reconstructive surgery. Moreover, BGMS/C seems to stimulate cell proliferation.

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