scholarly journals Osteoblastic Differentiation on Graphene Oxide-Functionalized Titanium Surfaces: An In Vitro Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Roberta Di Carlo ◽  
Antonello Di Crescenzo ◽  
Serena Pilato ◽  
Alessia Ventrella ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Cytotoxic Response ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Background: Titanium implant surfaces are continuously modified to improve biocompatibility and to promote osteointegration. Graphene oxide (GO) has been successfully used to ameliorate biomaterial performances, in terms of implant integration with host tissue. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) viability, cytotoxic response, and osteogenic differentiation capability in the presence of GO-coated titanium surfaces. Methods: Two titanium discs types, machined (control, Crtl) and sandblasted and acid-etched (test, Test) discs, were covalently functionalized with GO. The ability of the GO-functionalized substrates to allow the proliferation and differentiation of DPSCs, as well as their cytotoxic potential, were assessed. Results: The functionalization procedures provide a homogeneous coating with GO of the titanium surface in both control and test substrates, with unchanged surface roughness with respect to the untreated surfaces. All samples show the deposition of extracellular matrix, more pronounced in the test and GO-functionalized test discs. GO-functionalized test samples evidenced a significant viability, with no cytotoxic response and a remarkable early stage proliferation of DPSCs cells, followed by their successful differentiation into osteoblasts. Conclusions: The described protocol of GO-functionalization provides a novel not cytotoxic biomaterial that is able to stimulate cell viability and that better and more quickly induces osteogenic differentiation with respect to simple titanium discs. Our findings pave the way to exploit this GO-functionalization protocol for the production of novel dental implant materials that display improved integration with the host tissue.

scholarly journals Bioactive Sphene-Based Ceramic Coatings on cpTi Substrates for Dental Implants: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamada Elsayed ◽  
Giulia Brunello ◽  
Chiara Gardin ◽  
Letizia Ferroni ◽  
Denis Badocco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation Medium ◽  
Alizarin Red

Titanium implant surface modifications have been widely investigated to favor the process of osseointegration. The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of sphene (CaTiSiO5) biocoating, on titanium substrates, on the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (hADSCs). Sphene bioceramic coatings were prepared using preceramic polymers and nano-sized active fillers and deposited by spray coating. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis, surface roughness measurements and X-ray diffraction analysis were performed. The chemical stability of the coatings in Tris-HCl solution was investigated. In vitro studies were performed by means of proliferation test of hADSCs seeded on coated and uncoated samples after 21 days. Methyl Thiazolyl-Tetrazolium (MTT) test and immunofluorescent staining with phalloidin confirmed the in vitro biocompatibility of both substrates. In vitro osteogenic differentiation of the cells was evaluated using Alizarin Red S staining and quantification assay and real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). When hADSCs were cultured in the presence of Osteogenic Differentiation Medium, a significantly higher accumulation of calcium deposits onto the sphene-coated surfaces than on uncoated controls was detected. Osteogenic differentiation on both samples was confirmed by PCR. The proposed coating seems to be promising for dental and orthopedic implants, in terms of composition and deposition technology.

scholarly journals PTX3 Effects on Osteogenic Differentiation in Osteoporosis: An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5944
Author(s):  
Chiara Greggi ◽  
Ida Cariati ◽  
Federica Onorato ◽  
Riccardo Iundusi ◽  
Manuel Scimeca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Osteoblastic Differentiation ◽  
Defence Mechanisms ◽  
Multifunctional Protein ◽  
Age Related

Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a glycoprotein belonging to the humoral arm of innate immunity that participates in the body’s defence mechanisms against infectious diseases. It has recently been defined as a multifunctional protein, given its involvement in numerous physiological and pathological processes, as well as in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases such as osteoporosis. Based on this evidence, the aim of our study was to investigate the possible role of PTX3 in both the osteoblastic differentiation and calcification process: to this end, primary osteoblast cultures from control and osteoporotic patients were incubated with human recombinant PTX3 (hrPTX3) for 72 h. Standard osteinduction treatment, consisting of β-glycerophosphate, dexamethasone and ascorbic acid, was used as control. Our results showed that treatment with hrPTX3, as well as with the osteogenic cocktail, induced cell differentiation towards the osteoblastic lineage. We also observed that the treatment not only promoted an increase in cell proliferation, but also the formation of calcification-like structures, especially in primary cultures from osteoporotic patients. In conclusion, the results reported here suggest the involvement of PTX3 in osteogenic differentiation, highlighting its osteoinductive capacity, like the standard osteoinduction treatment. Therefore, this study opens new and exciting perspectives about the possible role of PTX3 as biomarker and therapeutic agent for osteoporosis.

Air Abrasion with Bioactive Glass Eradicates Streptococcus mutans Biofilm from a Sandblasted and Acid-Etched Titanium Surface

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 444-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faleh Abushahba ◽  
Eva Söderling ◽  
Laura Aalto-Setälä ◽  
Leena Hupa ◽  
Timo O. Närhi
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Blood Clotting ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Glass Particle ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Air Abrasion ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Streptococcus mutans is able to form a high-affinity biofilm on material surfaces. S mutans has also been detected around infected implants. Bioactive glasses (BAGs) have been shown to possess antibacterial effects against S mutans and other microorganisms. This in vitro study was performed to investigate the influence of BAG air abrasion on S mutans biofilm on sandblasted and acid-etched titanium surfaces. Sandblasted and acid-etched commercially pure titanium discs were used as substrates for bacteria (n = 107). The discs were immersed in an S mutans solution and incubated for 21 hours to form an S mutans biofilm. Twenty colonized discs were subjected to air abrasion with Bioglass 45S5 (45S5 BAG), experimental zinc oxide containing BAG (Zn4 BAG), and inert glass. After the abrasion, the discs were incubated for 5 hours in an anaerobic chamber followed by an assessment of viable S mutans cells. Surface morphology was evaluation using scanning electron microscopy (n = 12). The thrombogenicity of the glass particle–abraded discs (n = 75) was evaluated spectrophotometrically using whole-blood clotting measurement at predetermined time points. Air abrasion with 45S5 and Zn4 BAG eradicated S mutans biofilm. Significantly fewer viable S mutans cells were found on discs abraded with the 45S5 or Zn4 BAGs compared with the inert glass (P < .001). No significant differences were found in thrombogenicity since blood clotting was achieved for all substrates at 40 minutes. Air abrasion with BAG particles is effective in the eradication of S mutans biofilm from sandblasted and acid-etched titanium surfaces. Zn4 and 45S5 BAGs had similar biofilm-eradicating effects, but Zn4 BAG could be more tissue friendly. In addition, the steady release of zinc ions from Zn4 may enhance bone regeneration around the titanium implant and may thus have the potential to be used in the treatment of peri-implantitis. The use of either BAGs did not enhance the speed of blood coagulation.

scholarly journals Fibroblast Interaction with Different Abutment Surfaces: In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Canullo ◽  
Tullio Genova ◽  
Esperanza Gross Trujillo ◽  
Guillermo Pradies ◽  
Sara Petrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Side Surface ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

Background: Attaining an effective mucosal attachment to the transmucosal part of the implant could protect the peri-implant bone. Aim: To evaluate if chair side surface treatments (plasma of Argon and ultraviolet light) may affect fibroblast adhesion on different titanium surfaces designed for soft tissue healing. Methods: Grade 5 titanium discs with four different surface topographies were subdivided into 3 groups: argon-plasma; ultraviolet light, and no treatment. Cell morphology and adhesion tests were performed at 20 min, 24 h, and 72 h. Results: Qualitative observation of the surfaces performed at the SEM was in accordance with the anticipated features. Roughness values ranged from smooth (MAC Sa = 0.2) to very rough (XA Sa = 21). At 20 min, all the untreated surfaces presented hemispherical cells with reduced filopodia, while the cells on treated samples were more spread with broad lamellipodia. However, these differences in spreading behavior disappeared at 24 h and 72 h. Argon-plasma, but not UV, significantly increased the number of fibroblasts independently of the surface type but only at 20 min. Statistically, there was no surface in combination with a treatment that favored a greater cellular adhesion. Conclusions: Data showed potential biological benefits of treating implant abutment surfaces with the plasma of argon in relation to early-stage cell adhesion.

Spreading of Epithelial Cells on Machined and Sandblasted Titanium Surfaces: An In Vitro Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maristella Di Carmine ◽  
Paola Toto ◽  
Claudio Feliciani ◽  
Antonio Scarano ◽  
Antonello Tulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Surfaces

scholarly journals Evaluation of Surface Change and Roughness in Implants Lost Due to Peri-Implantitis Using Erbium Laser and Various Methods: An In Vitro Study

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2602
Author(s):  
Aslihan Secgin-Atar ◽  
Gokce Aykol-Sahin ◽  
Necla Asli Kocak-Oztug ◽  
Funda Yalcin ◽  
Aslan Gokbuget ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Laser ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Short Pulse Laser ◽  
Laser Group ◽  
Long Pulse

The aim of our study was to obtain similar surface properties and elemental composition to virgin implants after debridement of contaminated titanium implant surfaces covered with debris. Erbium-doped:yttrium, aluminum, and garnet (Er:YAG) laser, erbium, chromium-doped:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser, curette, and ultrasonic device were applied to contaminated implant surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were taken, the elemental profile of the surfaces was evaluated with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and the surface roughness was analyzed with profilometry. Twenty-eight failed implants and two virgin implants as control were included in the study. The groups were designed accordingly; titanium curette group, ultrasonic scaler with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) tip, Er: YAG very short pulse laser group (100 μs, 120 mJ/pulse 10 Hz), Er: YAG short-pulse laser group (300 μs, 120 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz), Er: YAG long-pulse laser group (600 μs, 120 mJ/pulse, 10 Hz), Er, Cr: YSGG1 laser group (1 W 10 Hz), Er, Cr: YSGG2 laser group (1.5 W, 30 Hz). In each group, four failed implants were debrided for 120 s. When SEM images and EDX findings and profilometry results were evaluated together, Er: YAG long pulse and ultrasonic groups were found to be the most effective for debridement. Furthermore, the two interventions have shown the closest topography of the sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched implant surface (SLA) as seen on virgin implants.

Titanium Implant Characteristics After Implantoplasty: An In Vitro Study on Two Different Kinds of Instrumentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1299-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Sahrmann ◽  
Sandra Luso ◽  
Constanze Mueller ◽  
Andreas Ender ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Vitro Study
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document