scholarly journals Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid with Liposomes and Crocin Confers Cytoprotection in an Experimental Model of Dry Eye

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Sawan Ali ◽  
Sergio Davinelli ◽  
Rita Mencucci ◽  
Franco Fusi ◽  
Gianluca Scuderi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Surface Friction ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Human Corneal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial condition caused by tear deficiency and accompanied by ocular surface damage. Recent data support a key role of oxidative and inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of DED. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is widely used in artificial tears to treat DED by improving ocular hydration and reducing surface friction. Crocin (Cr), the main constituent of saffron, is a renowned compound that exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study was undertaken to assess the viscosity and muco-adhesiveness of a photoactivated formulation with crosslinked HA (cHA), Cr, and liposomes (cHA-Cr-L). Our aim was also to evaluate whether cHA-Cr-L may exert cytoprotective effects against oxidative and inflammatory processes in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). Viscosity was measured using a rotational rheometer, and then the muco-adhesiveness was evaluated. Under hyperosmolarity (450 mOsm), the HCECs were treated with cHA-Cr-L. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured using the DCF assay. The combined action of cHA-Cr-L produced a higher viscosity and muco-adhesiveness compared to the control. The anti-inflammatory effect of cHA-Cr-L was achieved through a significant reduction of IL-1β and TNFα (p < 0.001). The results also showed that cHA-Cr-L reduces ROS production under conditions of hyperosmolarity (p < 0.001). We conclude that cHA-Cr-L has potential as a therapeutic agent in DED, which should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Chloroquine Protects Human Corneal Epithelial Cells from Desiccation Stress Induced Inflammation without Altering the Autophagy Flux

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivapriya Shivakumar ◽  
Trailokyanath Panigrahi ◽  
Rohit Shetty ◽  
Murali Subramani ◽  
Arkasubhra Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Desiccation Stress ◽  
Autophagy Flux ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Corneal Fibroblasts ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Human Corneal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Inflammation has been associated with dry eye and anti-inflammatory drugs are now being targeted as the alternate therapeutic approach for dry eye condition. In this study, we have explored the anti-inflammatory and autophagy modulating effect of chloroquine (CQ) in human corneal epithelial and human corneal fibroblasts cells exposed to desiccation stress, (anin-vitromodel for DED). Gene and protein expression profiling of inflammatory and autophagy related molecular factors were analyzed in HCE-T and primary HCF cells exposed to desiccation stress with and without CQ treatment. HCE-T and HCF cells exposed to desiccation stress exhibited increased levels of activated p65, TNF-α, MCP-1, MMP-9, and IL-6. Further, treatment with CQ decreased the levels of active p65, TNF-α, MCP-1, and MMP-9 in cells underdesiccation stress. Increased levels of LC3B and LAMP1 markers in HCE-T cells exposed to desiccation stress suggest activation of autophagy and the addition of CQ did not alter these levels. Changes in the phosphorylation levels of MAPKinase and mTOR pathway proteins were found in HCE-T cells under desiccation stress with or without CQ treatment. Taken together, the data suggests that HCE-T cells under desiccation stress showed NFκB mediated inflammation, which was rescued through the anti-inflammatory effect of CQ without altering the autophagy flux. Therefore, CQ may be used as an alternate therapeutic management for dry eye condition.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory effects of paeoniflorin from Paeonia lactiflora Pall. on human corneal epithelial cells and a mouse model of dry eye disease

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 12998-13006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mincong Zhao ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Yating Zheng ◽  
Guangrong Liu ◽  
Biao Che ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Paeonia Lactiflora ◽  
Corneal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Human Corneal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Dry eye disease (DED) is characterized by increased osmolality of tears due to a lack of production or increased evaporation of tears.

scholarly journals A combination of CMC and α-MSH inhibited ROS activated NLRP3 inflammasome in hyperosmolarity stressed HCECs and scopolamine-induced dry eye rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lv ◽  
Chenchen Chu ◽  
Ke Liu ◽  
Yusha Ru ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Corneal Epithelial ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Human Corneal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Conjunctival Goblet Cells

AbstractAn important mechanism involved in dry eye (DE) is the association between tear hyperosmolarity and inflammation severity. Inflammation in DE might be mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome, which activated by exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS). A combination of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) may influence DE through this mechanism, thus avoiding defects of signal drug. In this study, we assessed whether treatment comprising CMC combined with α-MSH could ameliorate ocular surface function; we found that it promoted tear secretion, reduced the density of fluorescein sodium staining, enhanced the number of conjunctival goblet cells, and reduced the number of corneal apoptotic cells. Investigation of the underlying mechanism suggested that the synergistic effect of combined treatment alleviated DE inflammation through reduction of ROS level and inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome in human corneal epithelial cells. These findings indicate that combined CMC + α-MSH treatment could ameliorate lesions and restore ocular surface function in patients with DE through reduction of ROS level and inhibition of NLRP3 signalling.

scholarly journals Effects of Eye Drops Containing Hyaluronic Acid-Nimesulide Conjugates in a Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Experimental Dry Eye Rabbit Model

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1366
Author(s):  
Tzu-Yang Chen ◽  
Ching-Li Tseng ◽  
Chih-An Lin ◽  
Hua-Yang Lin ◽  
Parthiban Venkatesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Cell Recovery ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a common ocular disease worldwide. Currently, anti-inflammatory agents and immunosuppressive drugs, such as cyclosporine A, have been widely used to treat this chronic condition. However, the multifactorial etiology of DES, poor tolerance, low bioavailability, and prolonged treatment to response time have limited their usage. In this study, nimesulide, a cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 selective inhibitor, was conjugated with hyaluronic acid (HA), and the HA-nimesulide conjugates were expected to increase the solubility and biocompatibility for alleviating the DES in the benzalkonium chloride (BAC)-induced goblet cell-loss dry eye model. The therapeutic efficacy of HA-nimesulide was assessed using fluorescein staining, goblet cell density by conjunctival impression cytology, and histology and immunohistochemistry of corneal tissues. Compared to commercial artificial tears and Restasis®, the HA-nimesulide conjugates could promote goblet cell recovery and enhance the regeneration of the corneal epithelium. Importantly, immunofluorescent staining studies demonstrated that the HA-nimesulide conjugates could decrease the number of infiltrating CD11b-positive cells after two weeks of topical application. In the anti-inflammatory test, the HA-nimesulide conjugates could inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw 264.7 cell model. In conclusion, we demonstrated that HA-nimesulide conjugates had anti-inflammatory activity, and promoted goblet cell recovery and corneal epithelium regeneration when used as topical eye drops; accordingly, the HA-nimesulide conjugates could potentially be effective for the treatment of DES.

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