scholarly journals Taste Evaluation of Yellowtail (Seriola Quinqueradiata) Ordinary and Dark Muscle by Metabolic Profiling

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (14) ◽  
pp. 2574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabuchi ◽  
Ishimaru ◽  
Adachi ◽  
Zhao ◽  
Kikutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Electronic Tongue ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Seriola Quinqueradiata ◽  
Taste Evaluation ◽  
Latent Structures

We performed metabolic profiling on yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) muscle to develop an objective taste evaluation method for fish meat. Dark (DM) and ordinary (OM) muscle samples before and after storage were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and taste measurements using an electronic tongue. The metabolites identified by the GC-MS analysis were treated as x variables, and the taste values obtained by the electronic tongue were treated as y variables. The relationships between the metabolites and taste attributes were evaluated by two-way orthogonal projections to latent structures (O2PLS) analysis. The O2PLS analyses were normalized in two ways, unit variance (UV) and pareto (Par) scaling. The O2PLS (UV) analysis produced 3+1+0 models in Autofit and this model was statistically significant with R2Y (0.73) and Q2 (0.52) metrics. In particular, significant correlations were found between DM or OM and metabolite intensity and taste attributes, and strong associations were found between “sourness” and lysine, “irritant” and alanine and phenylalanine, “saltiness” and pantothenic acid, and “umami” and creatinine and histidine. The O2PLS (Par) analysis of DM generated significant predictive models for “acidic bitterness,” “irritant,” “saltiness,” “bitterness,” “astringency,” and “richness.” Among these, only “irritant” was affected by storage. This method was thus effective in evaluating the taste of yellowtail muscle.

scholarly journals Analysis of Primary Metabolites in Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) Varieties Correlated with Antioxidant Activity and Taste Attributes by Metabolic Profiling

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (23) ◽  
pp. 4282
Author(s):  
Ryota Mabuchi ◽  
Mao Tanaka ◽  
Chihori Nakanishi ◽  
Nanako Takatani ◽  
Shota Tanimoto
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Electronic Tongue ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Latent Structures ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Brassica vegetables, such as cabbage, have many health benefits arising from their antioxidant and anticancer properties. These properties are endowed by the metabolite composition of the plant, and it is therefore important to elucidate the metabolic profile and associated activities in this genus. This study objectively evaluated the characteristics of cabbage varieties using metabolic profiling to identify the primary metabolic components that correlate with antioxidant activity and taste attributes. GC-MS analysis was used to identify the primary metabolites. Antioxidant activity was measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging assays, and an electronic tongue was used to quantitate nine taste attributes. Orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) using SIMCA 14 correlated the metabolite components with the taste and antioxidant characteristics. We identified 4-aminobutyric acid, fructose 1-phosphate, adipic acid, 5-oxoproline, N-acetylglycine, O-phosphoethanolamine, and homovanillic acid as important determinants of DPPH scavenging activity and umami, sourness, acidic bitterness, irritant and saltiness, bitterness, astringency, and richness, respectively. These metabolites represent markers indicating breed differences and contribute to differential cabbage functionality. These studies could be extended to measure additional metabolites, as well as to understand the role of growth conditions on the metabolic profile and health benefits of plants.

scholarly journals Application of Metabolomics in Traditional Chinese Medicine Differentiation of Deficiency and Excess Syndromes in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Wu ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
Hua-Feng Wei ◽  
Song-Hua He ◽  
Shun-Chun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Projections To Latent Structures ◽  
Latent Structures

Metabolic profiling is widely used as a probe in diagnosing diseases. In this study, the metabolic profiling of urinary carbohydrates was investigated using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and multivariate statistical analysis. The kernel-based orthogonal projections to latent structures (K-OPLS) model were established and validated to distinguish between subjects with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). The model was combined with subwindow permutation analysis (SPA) in order to extract novel biomarker information. Furthermore, the K-OPLS model visually represented the alterations in urinary carbohydrate profiles of excess and deficiency syndromes in patients with diabetes. The combination of GC/MS and K-OPLS/SPA analysis allowed the urinary carbohydrate metabolic characterization of DM patients with different traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes, including biomarkers different from non-DM patients. The method presented in this study might be a complement or an alternative to TCM syndrome research.

scholarly journals Changes in Metabolic Profiles of Yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata) Muscle during Cold Storage as a Freshness Evaluation Tool Based on GC-MS Metabolomics

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Mabuchi ◽  
Miwako Adachi ◽  
Ayaka Ishimaru ◽  
Huiqing Zhao ◽  
Haruka Kikutani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Partial Least Squares Analysis ◽  
K Value ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Related Substances ◽  
Seriola Quinqueradiata

We applied metabolomics to the evaluation of yellowtail muscle as a new freshness evaluation method for fish meat. Metabolites from yellowtail ordinary and dark muscle (DM) stored at 0 °C and 5 °C were subjected to metabolomics for primary metabolites based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). For the annotated metabolites, we created statistically significant models for storage time prediction for all storage conditions by orthogonal partial least squares analysis, using storage time as the y-variable. DM is difficult to evaluate using the K value method, the predominant existing freshness evaluation method. However, in the proposed method, the metabolic component profiles of DM changed depending on storage time. Important metabolites determined from variables important for prediction (VIP) values included various metabolites, such as amino acids and sugars, in addition to nucleic-acid-related substances, especially inosine and hypoxanthine. Therefore, metabolomics, which comprehensively analyses different molecular species, has potential as a new freshness evaluation method that can objectively evaluate conditions of stored fish meat.

scholarly journals Significant Changes in Metabolic Profiles after Intervention with Selenium and Coenzyme Q10 in an Elderly Population

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 553
Author(s):  
Alehagen ◽  
Johansson ◽  
Aaseth ◽  
Alexander ◽  
Surowiec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Coenzyme Q10 ◽  
Metabolic Profiling ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Latent Structures

Selenium and coenzyme Q10 (SeQ10) are important for normal cellular function. Low selenium intake leads to increased cardiovascular mortality. Intervention with these substances with healthy elderly persons over a period of four years in a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled prospective study showed reduced cardiovascular mortality, increased cardiac function, and a lower level of NT-proBNP. Therefore, we wanted to evaluate changes in biochemical pathways as a result of the intervention with SeQ10 using metabolic profiling. From a population of 443 healthy elderly individuals that were given 200 µg selenium and 200 mg coenzyme Q10, or placebo daily for four years, we selected nine males on active intervention and nine males on placebo for metabolic profiling in the main study. To confirm the results, two validation studies (study 1 n = 60 males, study 2 n = 37 males) were conducted. Principal component analyses were used on clinical and demographic data to select representative sets of samples for analysis and to divide the samples into batches for analysis. Gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based metabolomics was applied. The metabolite data were evaluated using univariate and multivariate approaches, mainly T-tests and orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) analyses. Out of 95 identified metabolites, 19 were significantly decreased due to the intervention after 18 months of intervention. Significant changes could be seen in the pentose phosphate, the mevalonate, the beta-oxidation and the xanthine oxidase pathways. The intervention also resulted in changes in the urea cycle, and increases in the levels of the precursors to neurotransmitters of the brain. This adds information to previous published results reporting decreased oxidative stress and inflammation. This is the first-time metabolic profiling has been applied to elucidate the mechanisms behind an intervention with SeQ10. The study is small and should be regarded as hypothesis-generating; however, the results are interesting and, therefore, further research in the area is needed. This study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, with the identifier NCT01443780

scholarly journals Chemical Characteristics of Three Kinds of Japanese Soy Sauce Based on Electronic Senses and GC-MS Analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guozhong Zhao ◽  
Yixu Feng ◽  
Hadiatullah Hadiatullah ◽  
Fuping Zheng ◽  
Yunping Yao
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Nose ◽  
Electronic Tongue ◽  
Aroma Compounds ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chinese Consumers ◽  
Volatile Flavor Compounds ◽  
Umami Taste ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Volatile Flavor

Japanese soy sauce has become more acceptable by Chinese consumers due to its umami taste. However, the volatile flavor compounds and taste characters have not been fully clarified. This study aimed to explore the flavor characteristics of three kinds of Japanese soy sauce, including Koikuchi Shoyu, Usukuchi Shoyu, and Amakuchi Shoyu. The secret of volatile flavor substances was investigated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and electronic nose, while taste compounds were investigated by silylation GC-MS and electronic tongue (E-tongue). A total of 173 volatile flavor substances and 160 taste compounds were identified. In addition, 28 aroma compounds with odor activity values (OAV) ≥ 1 were considered as the typical flavors. We found that alcohols and aldehydes were in high abundance in Japanese soy sauce, but only a small portion of pyrazines and esters were. Based on electronic nose and GC-MS analysis, Koikuchi Shoyu gives more contribution to aroma compounds, while Usukuchi Shoyu and Amakuchi Shoyu give the sourness and sweetness features based on E-tongue and silylation GC-MS analysis. In this study, 50 kinds of sugars were detected that contributed to the sweetness of soy sauce. This study will provide new insight into the flavor characteristics of Japanese soy sauce that potentially contribute to the innovation and development of soy sauce.

scholarly journals Increased Serum Levels of C21 Steroids in Female Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

2015 ◽  
pp. S247-S254 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. KANCEVA ◽  
L. STÁRKA ◽  
L. KANCHEVA ◽  
M. HILL ◽  
M. VELIKOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Gaba A ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Projections To Latent Structures ◽  
Latent Structures

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological diseases. This neurodegenerative autoimmune disease manifests as inflammatory and demyelinating impairment of the central nervous system (CNS). Although some studies demonstrated associations between altered steroidogenesis and pathophysiology of MS as well as the importance of steroids in the pathophysiology of MS, the knowledge concerning the steroid metabolome in female patients is limited. Hence, 51 steroids and steroid polar conjugates were measured in the serum of 12 women with MS, untreated with steroids and 6 age-corresponding female controls with the use of gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The data were processed using age adjusted ANCOVA, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis and orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS). Our data show higher levels of circulating C21 steroids including steroid modulators of ionotropic type A γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA A) receptors and glutamate receptors. Furthermore, the levels of GABAergic androsterone and 5-androsten-3β,7α,17β-triol were also higher in the female MS patients. In conclusion, the data demonstrate higher levels of circulating C21 steroids and their polar conjugates and some bioactive C19 steroids in women with MS, which may influence neuronal activity and affect the balance between neuroprotection and excitotoxicity.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Bayer Liquor by SPME-GC-MS of Derivatized Organic Poisons

Proceedings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Virgil Badescu ◽  
Raluca Senin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bayer Liquor ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Silylating Agent

The aim of this article was the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis oforganic matter from a residual liquor sample (S.C. Alum S.A., Tulcea), extracted by the solid-phasemicroextraction method (SPMA) and derivatized with N-(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)-Nmethyltrifluoroacetamide(MTBSTFA) as the silylating agent. [...]

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