scholarly journals A Design of Experiment Approach for Ionic Liquid-Based Extraction of Toxic Components-Minimized Essential Oil from Myristica fragrans Houtt. Fruits †

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Lanari ◽  
Maria Marcotullio ◽  
Andrea Neri
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽  
Nutmeg Essential Oil

The effect of the addition of ionic liquids (ILs) during the hydrodistillation of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (nutmeg) essential oil was studied. The essential oil of M. fragrans is characterized by the presence of terpenes, terpenoids, and of phenylpropanoids, such as methyl eugenol and safrole, that are regarded as genotoxic and carcinogenic. The aim of the work was to determine the best ionic liquid to improve the yield of the extraction of M. fragrans essential oil and decrease the extraction of toxic phenylpropanoids. Six ILs, namely 1,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (1), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium dimethylphosphate (2), 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium chloride (3), 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium dimethylphosphate (4), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (5), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dimethylphosphate (6), were prepared by previously reported, innovative methods and then tested. An experimental design was used to optimize the extraction yield and to decrease the phenylpropanoids percentage using the synthesized ILs. The influence of the molarity of ILs was also studied. MODDE 12 software established 0.5 M 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride as the best co-solvent for the hydrodistillation of M. fragrans essential oil.

scholarly journals A Review on Chemical Composition, Bioactivity, and Toxicity of Myristica fragrans Houtt. Essential Oil

2021 ◽  
pp. 304-313
Author(s):  
Mega Ferdina Warsito
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Biological Potency ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽  
Nutmeg Essential Oil

Myristica fragrans Houtt., commonly known as nutmeg, is an Indonesian indigenous dioecious evergreen tree which contains 5-15% volatile oil. The oil is usually produced from the seed or mace.  Nutmeg oil has been extensively utilized in aromatherapy, natural medicine, and the perfume industry. This article provides an overview of the chemical compounds, biological potency, and toxic effects of nutmeg essential oil compiled from recent literature (2000–2020). Nutmeg oil mainly comprises monoterpenes and phenylpropanoids. Several reports on gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry analysis of nutmeg oil showed that there were 27–38 chemical constituents detected at various concentrations. Many secondary metabolites of nutmeg oil reported to show biological activities that possibly substantiate its utilization in natural medicine. Numerous studies reported the biological activities of this volatile oil such as antioxidant, analgesic, antiinflammation, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, antiparasitic, insecticidal, and anticancer activity. But large intake of nutmeg oil could cause intoxication which is shown through symptoms in cardiovascular, central nervous system, anticholinergic, and local effects in the stomach. These symptoms are mainly attributed to the effect of myristicin, safrole, and elemicin overdose. This updated review paper intends to attract more attention to nutmeg oil and its potential to be developed into a medicinal product for the prophylaxis and therapy of diseases.

scholarly journals The Essential Oil and Hydrolats from Myristica fragrans Seeds with Magnesium Aluminometasilicate as Excipient: Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Anti-inflammatory Activity

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Matulyte ◽  
Aiste Jekabsone ◽  
Lina Jankauskaite ◽  
Paulina Zavistanaviciute ◽  
Vytaute Sakiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Nutmeg Essential Oil

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) essential oil has antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. We have recently demonstrated that hydrodistillation of nutmeg essential oil by applying magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient significantly increases both the content and amount of bioactive substances in the oil and hydrolats. In this study, we aimed to compare the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity of hydrolats and essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation in the presence and absence of magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method revealed that magnesium aluminometasilicate did not significantly improved antioxidant activity of both essential oil and hydrolat. Antibacterial efficiency was evaluated by monitoring growth of 15 bacterial strains treated by a range of dilutions of the essential oil and the hydrolats. Essential oil with an excipient completely inhibited the growth of E. faecalis, S. mutans (referent), and P. multocida, whereas the pure oil was only efficient against the latter strain. Finally, the anti-inflammatory properties of the substances were assessed in a fibroblast cell culture treated with viral dsRNR mimetic Poly I:C. The essential oil with an excipient protected cells against Poly I:C-induced necrosis more efficiently compared to pure essential oil. Also, both the oil and the hydrolats with aluminometasilicate were more efficient in preventing IL-6 release in the presence of Poly I:C. Our results show that the use of magnesium aluminometasilicate as an excipient might change and in some cases improve the biological activities of nutmeg essential oil and hydrolats.

scholarly journals Utilization of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Seed Hydrodistillation Time to Produce Essential Oil Fractions with Varied Compositions and Pharmacological Effects

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Ibrahim ◽  
Charles L. Cantrell ◽  
Ekaterina A. Jeliazkova ◽  
Tess Astatkie ◽  
Valtcho D. Zheljazkov
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Substantial Variation ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Oil Fractions ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt

The intent of this study was to utilize distillation timeframes (DT) of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) essential oil (EO) to generate fractions with differential chemical compositions and bioactivity. Ten fractions were captured at the following distillation timeframes: 0.0–0.5, 0.5–1.0, 1.0–2.5, 2.5–5.0, 5.0–10, 10–30, 30–60, 60–90, 90–120, and 120–240 min. In addition, a control EO was collected from a straight 0–240 min non-stop distillation. ANOVA and advanced regression modeling revealed that the produced EO fractions possess substantial variation in the concentration of potentially desired compounds. The concentrations (%) of α-phellandrene, 3-carene, p-cymene, limonene, α-thujene, α-pinene, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, and myrcene decreased, while the concentrations (%) of α-terpinene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, and myristicin increased in later DT fractions. Nutmeg EO showed some antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D6, but did not exhibit significant antifungal activity. In general, nutmeg seed oil yields increased with an increase of DT. These results may be utilized by industries using nutmeg EO.

Partitioning Behavior of Penicillin G in Aqueous Two Phase System Based on Ionic Liquids

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 324-327
Author(s):  
Bin Jiang ◽  
Zhi Biao Feng ◽  
Chun Hong Liu ◽  
Ying Cao Xu ◽  
Dong Mei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Aqueous Two Phase System ◽  
Partitioning Behavior

An aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) was presented with hydrophilic ionic liquid 1-Butyl-3-methylimid-azolium tetrafluoroborate ([BmiBF4) and salts for the extraction of penicillin G in this paper. The phase forming abilities of different salts were investigated to choose a suitable salt.The partitioning behavior of penicillin G in the ATPS was investigated.Concentrations of (NH4)2SO4, penicillin G, and [BmiBF4 were evaluated to determine their effects on the extraction yield of penicillin G. It was found that extraction yield strongly depended on the concentration of [BmiBF4, penicillin and (NH4)2SO4. A high extraction yield around 93% was achieved with the following parameters: (NH4)2SO4 20% (wt%), penicillin 40000 ~ 45000 U/mL, [BmiBF4 20% (wt%).

scholarly journals Larvicidal Activity of Essential Oils from the Leaves and Fruits of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Anne Carolina ◽  
Maman Maman
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt ◽  
Fruit Oil

The aim of this research was to examine the larvicidal activity of essential oil (EO) extracted from nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) leaves and fruits by steam distillation, and to analyze its chemical compounds. The EO yield of nutmeg leaves and fruits collected from the same tree was 0.66% and 0.30%, respectively. Larvicidal tests with the EO were carried out against Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). The concentrations of nutmeg EO used for the larvicidal assay were 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 μg/mL. The results showed that fruit oil was more toxic than the leaf oil. LC50 values of leaf and fruit EOs were 133.8 and 110.1 µg/mL, respectively. The chromatogram of GC-MS showed that the chemical components in nutmeg leaf and fruit EOs were dominated by α-pinene, sabinene, β-pinene, delta-3-carene, limonene, β-phellandrene, α-terpinolene, linalool, safrole, croweacin, and myristicin.

COMPOSITION AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF THE BRAZILIAN MYRISTICA FRAGRANS HOUTT ESSENTIAL OIL

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
VÂNIA MARIA MOREIRA VALENTE ◽  
GULAB NEWANDRAM JHAM ◽  
ONKAR DEV DHINGRA ◽  
ION GHIVIRIGA
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt

scholarly journals Anti-Parasitic Activity of Myristica Fragrans Houtt. Essential Oil Against Toxoplasma Gondii Parasite

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suthagar Pillai ◽  
Roziahanim Mahmud ◽  
Wei Cai Lee ◽  
Shanmugapriya Perumal
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Parasitic Activity ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document