scholarly journals Rare Earth Element Recovery from Acidic Extracts of Florida Phosphate Mining Materials Using Chelating Polymer 1-Octadecene, Polymer with 2,5-Furandione, Sodium Salt

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Laurino ◽  
Jack Mustacato ◽  
Zachary J. Huba
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Mining Wastes ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Phosphate Mining ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Chelating Polymer ◽  
Florida Phosphate ◽  
Alternative Sources

To meet the growing global demand for rare earth elements (REEs), nontraditional mining sources of these metals are being investigated. Phosphate ore and phosphate mining wastes have been identified as possible alternative sources to REEs. In this study, REEs were extracted from Florida phosphate mining materials using mineral and organic acids. The REEs were then recovered at high efficiencies using a chelating polymer, 1-octadecene, polymer with 2,5-furandione, sodium salt. At pH 1.5, the chelation polymer effectively bound nearly 100% of the rare earth elements extracted from the solids. Overall extraction and recovery yields were between 80% for gadolinium and 8% for praseodymium from amine tailings, between 70% for terbium and 7% for praseodymium from phosphogypsum, between 56% for scandium and 15% for praseodymium from phosphate rock, and between 77% for samarium and 31% for praseodymium from waste clay. These results suggest that this chelating polymer efficiently recovers rare earth elements from acidic extracts of phosphate mining waste products.

High specific surface 1-(2-pyridylazo) 2-naphthol (PAN) modified Carbon-based silicon film with cellulose nanocrystalline structure for efficient adsorption of rare earth elements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yuzhe Zhang ◽  
Wen Sun ◽  
Xudong Zheng ◽  
Zhongyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Silicon Film ◽  
Nanocrystalline Structure ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth ◽  
Beneficial Result ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth Elements

The recovery of rare earth elements, especially heavy rare earth elements, from rare earth waste products has a high economic and environmental beneficial result. In this paper, cellulose nanocrystals used...

scholarly journals Leaching of Rare Earth Elements from Central Appalachian Coal Seam Underclays

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Scott N. Montross ◽  
Jonathan Yang ◽  
James Britton ◽  
Mark McKoy ◽  
Circe Verba
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Chelating Agent ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Leach Solution ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Sequential Digestion

Rare earth elements (REE) are necessary for advanced technological and energy applications. To support the emerging need, it is necessary to identify new domestic sources of REE and technologies to separate and recover saleable REE product in a safe and economical manner. Underclay rock associated with Central Appalachian coal seams and prevalent in coal utilization waste products is an alternative source of REE to hard rock ores that are mainly composed of highly refractory REE-bearing minerals. This study utilizes a suite of analytical techniques and benchtop leaching tests to characterize the properties and leachability of the coal seam underclays sampled. Laboratory bench-top and flow-through reactor leaching experiments were conducted on underclay rock powders to produce a pregnant leach solution (PLS) that has relatively low concentrations of gangue elements Al, Si, Fe, and Th and is amenable to further processing steps to recover and produce purified REE product. The leaching method described here uses a chelating agent, the citrate anion, to solubilize elements that are adsorbed, or weakly bonded to the surface of clay minerals or other mineral solid phases in the rock. The citrate PLS produced from leaching specific underclay powders contains relatively higher concentrations of REE and lower concentrations of gangue elements compared to PLS produced from sequential digestion using ammonium sulfate and mineral acids. Citrate solution leaching of underclay produces a PLS with lower concentrations of gangue elements and higher concentrations of REE than achieved with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid. The results provide a preliminary assessment of the types of REE-bearing minerals and potential leachability of coal seam underclays from the Central Appalachian basin.

Effect of the additions of the waste products of rare-earth elements on the properties of mullite-zircon suspensions

Refractories ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
�. V. Degtyareva ◽  
O. T. Gud' ◽  
E. D. Lisovaya ◽  
O. N. Romaniv ◽  
P. G. Maistruk
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Waste Products

scholarly journals The Potential Utilizing of Critical Element from Coal and Combustion Residues

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4710
Author(s):  
Yunhu Hu ◽  
Mu You ◽  
Guijian Liu ◽  
Zhongbing Dong ◽  
Facun Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Recycled Materials ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Combustion Residues

Strategically critical elements are becoming significant for the rising demand of emerging energy-efficient technologies and high-tech applications. These critical elements are mostly geologically dispersed, and mainly recovered from recycled materials. Coal with high concentrations of critical elements is supposed to stable alternative sources. The abundances of critical elements in coal varies widely among different deposits and regions. The high concentrations of critical elements are found in many Chinese and Russian coal ores. The global mining potential ratio (MPR) is applied and suggests scandium, hafnium, cesium, yttrium, germanium, gallium, thallium, strontium and rare-earth elements could be potential recovery from coal. A number of benefits are expected with the extraction of critical elements during coal utilization.

scholarly journals Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of Lithium and Rare Earth Elements in High-Sulfur Coal from the Donggou Mine, Chongqing, Southwestern China

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Jianhua Zou ◽  
Longfei Cheng ◽  
Yuanchen Guo ◽  
Zhengcheng Wang ◽  
Heming Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Geochemical Characteristics ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Geological Factors ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Geological Factor ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Coal Measures

Coal and coal by-products are considered as the potential raw materials for critical elements (e.g., rare earth elements, Li, Ga, Ge, etc.), which have attracted much attention in recent years. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics, and controlling geological factors of lithium and rare earth elements in the Lopingian (Wujiaping Formation) coal from the Donggou Mine, southeastern Chongqing Coalfield, China. Results indicate that lithium and rare earth elements are significantly enriched in the Donggou coals, which could be new potential alternative sources for critical elements. Concentrations of lithium and rare earth elements in the Donggou coals gradually increase from top to bottom. Lithium is mainly associated with kaolinite, while rhabdophane, florencite, goyazite, and xenotime are the main hosts of rare earth elements. The controlling geological factor is the groundwater leaching of underlying tuff, and to a lesser extent, the terrigenous clastic materials input from the top layer of the Kangdian Upland. This study provides mineralization information for lithium and rare earth elements exploration in coal measures.

scholarly journals Initial Study for Cerium and Lanthanum Extraction from Bangka Tin Slag through NaOH and HClO4 Leaching

2019 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 07003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Badrul Munir ◽  
Sulaksana Permana ◽  
Anggita Amilia ◽  
Ahmad Maksum ◽  
Johny W Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Global Demand ◽  
Tin Slag

The global demand for rare earth elements have increased dramatically for the last decade as more and more devices use rare earth elements as key for their advanced properties. The paper explores the possibilty to recover cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La) in Bangka tin slag (BTS) involving roasting at 900°C, water-quenching, and two leachings, 8M NaOH leaching and HClO4 leaching at concentrations of 0.1M, 0.4M, and 0.8M. HClO4 leaching causes Ce and La contents to decrease to 0.47% for 0.1M, 0.51% for 0.4M, and 0.59% for 0.8M. On the other hand, 8M NaOH optimizes cerium and lanthanum contents up to 4.35% and 1.45%, respectively.

scholarly journals Rare Earth Elements in Planetary Crusts: Insights from Chemically Evolved Igneous Suites on Earth and the Moon

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire McLeod ◽  
Barry Shaulis
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Global Distribution ◽  
Igneous Rocks ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Magma Ocean ◽  
Chemical Signature ◽  
Global Demand

The abundance of the rare earth elements (REEs) in Earth’s crust has become the intense focus of study in recent years due to the increasing societal demand for REEs, their increasing utilization in modern-day technology, and the geopolitics associated with their global distribution. Within the context of chemically evolved igneous suites, 122 REE deposits have been identified as being associated with intrusive dike, granitic pegmatites, carbonatites, and alkaline igneous rocks, including A-type granites and undersaturated rocks. These REE resource minerals are not unlimited and with a 5–10% growth in global demand for REEs per annum, consideration of other potential REE sources and their geological and chemical associations is warranted. The Earth’s moon is a planetary object that underwent silicate-metal differentiation early during its history. Following ~99% solidification of a primordial lunar magma ocean, residual liquids were enriched in potassium, REE, and phosphorus (KREEP). While this reservoir has not been directly sampled, its chemical signature has been identified in several lunar lithologies and the Procellarum KREEP Terrane (PKT) on the lunar nearside has an estimated volume of KREEP-rich lithologies at depth of 2.2 × 108 km3. This reservoir therefore offers a prospective location for future lunar REE exploration. Within the context of chemically evolved lithologies, lunar granites are rare with only 22 samples currently classified as granitic. However, these extraterrestrial granites exhibit chemical affinities to terrestrial A-type granites. On Earth, these anorogenic magmatic systems are hosts to U-Th-REE-ore deposits and while to date only U-Th regions of enrichment on the lunar surface have been identified, future exploration of the lunar surface and interior may yet reveal U-Th-REE regions associated with the distribution of these chemically distinct, evolved lithologies.

scholarly journals Potential of garnet sand as an unconventional resource of the critical high-technology metals scandium and rare earth elements

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Klimpel ◽  
Michael Bau ◽  
Torsten Graupner
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Unconventional Resource ◽  
Disposal Cost ◽  
Industrial Waste Product

AbstractScandium is a critical raw material that is essential for the EU economy because of its potential application in enabling technologies such as fuel cells and lightweight materials. As there is currently no secure supply of Sc, several projects worldwide evaluate potential Sc sources. While elsewhere in Europe emphasis is placed upon secondary resources such as red mud, we investigated the potential of industrial garnet sand and its waste products. Since Sc readily substitutes for Mg and Fe in the crystal lattice of garnet, the garnet minerals almandine and pyrope, in particular, may show high Sc concentrations. Garnet sand, after being used as an abrasive in the cutting and sandblasting industry, is recycled several times before it is finally considered waste which eventually must be disposed of. Extraction of Sc (and rare earth elements, REE) from such garnet sand may generate added value and thereby reduce disposal cost. The studied garnet sands from different mines in Australia, India and the U.S., and industrial garnet sands commercially available in Germany from different suppliers show average Sc concentrations of 93.7 mg/kg and 90.7 mg/kg, respectively, i.e. similar to red mud. Our data also show that “fresh” and recycled garnet sands yield similar Sc concentrations. Within the framework of a minimum-waste approach, it may be feasible to utilize the industrial waste-product “garnet sand” as an unconventional source of Sc and REE, that reduces disposal cost.

scholarly journals THERMAL STUDY OF SOLID COMPLEXES OF CERIUM, PRASEODIUM AND NEODIUM

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Тимофей Владимирович Крюков ◽  
Михаил Игоревич Скобин ◽  
Мариана Александровна Феофанова ◽  
Владимир Георгиевич Алексеев
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Thermal Study ◽  
Synchronous Thermal Analysis ◽  
Cefazolin Sodium ◽  
Solid Complexes

Взаимодействием водных растворов хлоридов соответствующих редкоземельных элементов и натриевой соли цефазолина (NaCzl) были получены и выделены в твердом виде комплексные соединения цефазолина. Полученные комплексы имеют состав Me(Czl)•3HO, где Me = Ce+, Pr+, Nd+. Полученные соединения исследованы методом синхронного термического анализа. By the interaction of aqueous solutions of the chlorides of the corresponding rare-earth elements and the cefazolin sodium salt (NaCzl), complex compounds of cefazolin were obtained. The resulting compounds were investigated by synchronous thermal analysis.

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