scholarly journals Effect of a High Proportion of Rye in Compound Feed for Reduction of Salmonella Typhimurium in Experimentally Infected Young Pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1629
Author(s):  
Bussarakam Chuppava ◽  
Volker Wilke ◽  
Clara Berenike Hartung ◽  
Amr Abd El-Wahab ◽  
Richard Grone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
Infection Period ◽  
Surveillance Programs

Public health concerns and the potential for food-borne zoonotic transmission have made Salmonella a subject of surveillance programs in food-producing animals. Forty-two piglets (25 d of age and initially 7.48 kg) were used in a 28 d infection period to evaluate the effects of a high proportion of rye on reducing Salmonella Typhimurium. Piglets were divided into two diet groups: control diet (wheat 69%) and experimental diet (rye 69%). After a one-week adaptation period, all piglets were orally infected with Salmonella Typhimurium (107 log CFU/mL; 2mL/pig). Salmonella in fecal shedding were evaluated at day 1, 3, 5, 7 and then weekly after infection. At the end of the experimental period (at day 28 after infection), the piglets were euthanized to sample feces, cecal digesta contents and ileocecal lymph nodes to determine the bacterial counts of Salmonella. The results suggest that the bacterial counts in the experimental group fed rye diets showed evidence of reducing Salmonella fecal shedding from day 14 onwards and decreasing the number of Salmonella in cecal digesta. However, the translocation of Salmonella in ileocecal lymph nodes was not affected. Furthermore, feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion did not differ between the groups (p > 0.05).

Effect of dietary probiotic, antibiotic or combination on broiler performance, cecum microbial population and ileal development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elbaz ◽  
Said El-sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance

Objective: To investigate the effect of antibiotics and/or probiotics on broiler performance, some serum metabolites, cecum microflora composition, and ileum histomorphology under the Egyptian conditions. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Two hundred forty 1-day-old Ross (308) chicks were reared till 35 days of age. Procedures: The birds were randomly allocated into four main groups: a control diet without additives (CON); probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) supplemented diet (PRO); antibiotic (Avilamycin) supplemented diet (ANT) and a mix group (AP) that received antibiotic in the diet form 1 to 4 days of age and treated during the rest of the experimental period with probiotics. Results: Chickens fed on probiotic or antibiotic diets had linear improvement in live body weight (LBW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control group, while the best LBW and FCR were in the AP group. An improvement in the nutrient digestibility was observed in the probiotic added groups (PRO and AP). Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents decreased when antimicrobial (probiotic or antibiotic) supplementations were used, while there was an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents, serum total protein, and albumin levels. Among all groups, cecum Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli counts decreased; however, there was an increase in Lactobacillus count compared to the control group. In probiotic supplemented groups (PRO and AP), a significant (P<0.05) improvement in ilea architecture. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using probiotic after initial treatment with an antibiotic in broiler diets had a positive effect on broiler growth performance, gut health (improved cecum microbial populations and ileum histomorphology), and nutrient digestibility.

Some effects of dietary penicillin and zinc bacitracin on the performance of bacon pigs

1963 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Holme ◽  
K. L. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Significant Response ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Zinc Bacitracin

SUMMARYThree experiments were carried out to evaluate zinc bacitracin as compared with penicillin, as a feed supplement for bacon pigs. The first experiment compared pig performance on a control diet with performance on the control diet supplemented with penicillin, 5 g./ton, or with zinc bacitracin, 10 g./ton. Experiment 2 compared the control diet with penicillin at 10 g./ton and zinc bacitracin at 10 g./ton with pigs housed in a different piggery. Experiment 3 compared the control diet with penicillin at 10 g./ton and zinc bacitracin at two levels, 10 g./ton and 5 g./ton. In none of the experiments was there any significant response to penicillin in terms of rate of gain, feed conversion efficiency or carcass composition. In the first experiment there was a small but significant improvement in rate of gain up to 100 lb. live-weight and for the whole experimental period by the pigs receiving 10 g./ton of zinc bacitracin. There was no significant response in feed conversion efficiency or carcass measurements. In the other two experiments there was no response to zinc bacitracin. The implications of the results are discussed.

Performance and nutrient utilization of growing pigs given an expanded and pelleted diet

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vande Ginste ◽  
R. De Schrijver
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Pelleted Diet

AbstractA grower diet containing barley, wheat and soya-bean meal was expanded at 110°C and subsequently pelleted at 80°C. This processing was evaluated in laboratory tests as well as in digestibility experiments involving 12 barrows with an average initial live weight of 40 kg. The unprocessed control diet was offered as a meal. Each diet was offered ad libitum to six pigs during a 5-week period. The 1st week was an adaptation period and measurements were not carried out. Each pig was used in two 5-day digestibility trials which were performed in weeks 2 and 4. Neither food intake, weight gain nor food: gain ratio during the whole 4-week experimental period, nor apparent faecal digestibility and apparent retention of protein were significantly affected (P > 0·05) by expanding and pelleting the diet. Processing caused an increase in the in vitro protein solubility (P < 0·05) and reduced the dietary contents of free lysine and methionine (P < 0·05) while the contents of available lysine and free threonine and tryptophan were not significantly changed (P > 0·05). Apparent faecal digestibility of crude fibre increased substantially (P < 0·05) when the diet was processed, resulting in significantly lower production of faecal mass (P < 0·05) as well as lowerfaecal moisture content (P < 0·05). These phenomena were parallelled by a smaller water consumption (P < 0·05). Apparent digestibility and retention of phosphorus and calcium were diminished (P < 0·05) when the diet was expanded and pelleted.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the use of probiotics in diets with or without growth promoters for broiler chicks

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2687-2690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Régis Fernando Pastorelo Meurer ◽  
Paula Carvalho Leal ◽  
Chayane da Rocha ◽  
Ivânio José Martins Bueno ◽  
Alex Maiorka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Growth Promoters

This work was carried out to evaluate the use of Bacillus subtilis probiotic C-3102 (10(10)cfu/g) in diets with or without growth promoters on the performance of broilers in the period from 1 to 42 days of age. It was used 1,200 Cobb line broilers, distributed in a complete randomized block with five diets: negative controller (without promoters); Bacillus subtilis (30 g/t ration); Bacillus subtilis (50 g/t ration); Bacillus subtilis (30 g/t ration) + colistin (10 ppm); avilamycin (10 ppm) + colistin (10 ppm). Each diet was evaluated in 10 repetitions with 24 birds. From 21 to 42 days of age, feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion were evaluated, and at 42 days of age, productive efficiency index was evaluated. At the end of the experimental period, it was observed an increase in the consumption of diet with the lowest dose of Bacillus subtilis (30 g) in relation to that one with Bacillus subtillis (30 g) + colistin (10 ppm). The values of weight gain obtained with the diet with the lowest dose of Bacillus subtillis (30 g) and with avilamycin (10 ppm) + colistine (10 ppm) were higher than those of the birds fed control diet (without promoters). For feed conversion, the best results were obtained by supplying diets containing 50 g of Bacillus subtillis, diet with 30 g of Bacillus subtillis + 10 ppm of colistin; and diet with 10 ppm of avilamycin + 10 ppm colistin. For the analysis of productive efficiency index, the best results were obtained with diets containing additives (probiotics and/or antibiotics) in comparison to the control diet. Bacillus subtillis C-3102 probiotic, at concentration 10(10) cfu/g, is an efficient substitute of antibiotics.

scholarly journals Propolis extract in tshe diet of weaned piglets

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Maria Piano Gonçalves ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Camilla Mendonça Silva ◽  
Cássia Rejane Brito Leal ◽  
Stephan Alexander da Silva Alencar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Bacteriological Profile

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to assess the use of propolis ethanolic extract as an alternative to performance-enhancing antibiotics for piglets. Seventy piglets weaned at 21 days of age, with initial weights of 7.3±0.4kg and final weights of 24.9±1.2kg, were randomly assigned to five diets: positive control (diet with 200ppm antibiotic); negative control (diet without growth promoter); and diets with 100, 500, and 1,000ppm of brown propolis ethanolic extract, with seven replicates of two piglets each. The duration of the experimental period was 35 days. The diets did not influence (P>0.05) daily feed intake, daily weight gain, final weight, and feed conversion of animals. The bacteriological profile of the nasal swab presented a predominance of gram-positive bacteria commonly associated with the mucous membranes in all samples. Rectal swabs did not present atypical bacterial isolates. The use of ethanolic propolis extract in diets did not alter the performance of weaned piglets, nor did it affect the bacteriological profile, fecal score, or the occurrence of diarrhea in piglets.

Rapid Communication: Ileal alkaline phosphatase is upregulated following functional amino acid supplementation in Salmonella Typhimurium-challenged pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas A Rodrigues ◽  
Michael O Wellington ◽  
J Caroline González-Vega ◽  
John K Htoo ◽  
Andrew G Van Kessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
Plasma Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract We recently showed that functional amino acid (FAA) supplementation improves growth performance and immune status of Salmonella Typhimurium (ST)-challenged pigs which was further improved by a longer adaptation period. It is expected that the effects are associated with increased activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of FAA supplementation and adaptation period on the ileal, cecal, and colonic activity of IAP in weaned pigs challenged with ST. In Exp. 1, 32 mixed-sex weanling pigs were randomly assigned to dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with low (LP) or high protein (HP) content and basal (FAA–) or FAA profile (FAA+; Thr, Met, and Trp at 120% of requirements) as factors. In Exp. 2, a total of 32 mixed-sex weanling pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments, being FAA- fed throughout the experimental period (FAA−) or a FAA profile fed only in the post-inoculation (FAA+0), for 1 wk pre- and post-inoculation (FAA+1), or throughout the experimental period (FAA+2). In Exp. 1 and 2, after a 7- and 14-d adaptation period, respectively, pigs were inoculated with saline solution containing ST (3.3 and 2.2 × 10 9 CFU/mL, respectively). Plasma alkaline phosphatase was measured on d 0 and 7 post-inoculation in Exp. 1, and IAP (ileum, cecum, and colon) was measured in Exp. 1 and 2. Correlations among ileal IAP and serum albumin and haptoglobin, plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced:oxidized glutathione (GSH:GSSG), ileal myeloperoxidase (MPO), ST shedding and ileal colonization, and post-inoculation average daily gain (ADG), feed intake (ADFI), and gain:feed (G:F) were also analyzed. In Exp. 1, plasma alkaline phosphatase was decreased with ST inoculation and overall content was increased in LP-FAA+ compared to LP-FAA- (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, ileal IAP was increased in FAA+ compared to FAA- pigs in both studies (P &lt; 0.05) regardless of adaptation time (P &gt; 0.05). Intestinal alkaline phosphatase was positively correlated with MDA and ADFI and negatively correlated with SOD and ST shedding in Exp. 1 (P &lt; 0.05). These results demonstrate a positive effect of FAA supplementation, but not adaptation period, on ileal alkaline phosphatase activity in Salmonella-challenged pigs, which may be associated with improvements in antioxidant balance.

scholarly journals Effect of Postbiotic Based on Lactic Acid Bacteria on Semen Quality and Health of Male Rabbits

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1007
Author(s):  
Jesús V. Díaz Cano ◽  
María-José Argente ◽  
María-Luz García
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Hematological Profile ◽  
Semen Characteristics ◽  
Plasmatic Level

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lactic acid bacteria-based postbiotic supplementation on semen characteristics and hematological and biochemical profiles in rabbits. A total of 28 males were randomly allocated into two groups. Males received a Control diet and Enriched diet supplemented with postbiotic for 15 weeks (4 weeks of adaptation period and 11 weeks of experimental period). Body weight, feed intake and semen characteristics were recorded weekly. Hematological profile was recorded at the beginning and end of the experiment and biochemical profile at 0, 5, 10 and 15 weeks. Bayesian methodology was used for the statistical analysis. Feed intake was higher in Control diet (125.2 g) than in the Enriched diet (118.6 g, p = 1.00). The percentages of abnormal spermatozoa were higher in Control diet than in Enriched diet (30% and 22%; p = 0.93) and the acrosome integrity percentage was lower (97% and 96%; p = 0.87). The hematological profile was within the range for healthy rabbits. The plasmatic level of alanine aminotransferase was higher in Control diet than Enriched diet at 5 and 10 weeks (p = 0.93 and p = 0.94, respectively) and alkaline phosphatase was similar in Control diet throughout the experiment, but decreased in Enriched diet (p = 0.97). No difference was found in kidney parameters (uric nitrogen and creatinine). Enriched diet showed higher total protein and globulin than Control diet (p = 0.99). Phosphorus was lower (p = 0.92) in Control diet than in Enriched diet. In conclusion, the addition of the postbiotic based on lactic acid bacteria seems to improve the quality of the semen and the liver profile in rabbits.

scholarly journals Influence of including maize offal in diets on growth, carcass composition and economics of Clarias gariepinus

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 027-035
Author(s):  
Sunday Kenneth Igbang ◽  
Ada Fidelis Bekeh ◽  
Ochang Stephen Ncha
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Hours

Aiming at finding cheaper and still efficient feed for aquaculture species 56 days feeding trial was conducted on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) post fingerlings, fed on five diets with a 40% crude protein target in which maize was replaced with maize offal meal at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% respectively. Ten fish each were stocked in a plastic aquarium tank containing 20 L of water. The fish were fed at 5% body weight divided into two rations ginen at the hours of 8-8:30 am and 5-5:30pm. Growth parameters showed increase with increase in maize offal based diets, with observed weight gains of 72.42, 79.00, 95.92, 130.83 and 65.83 for diets 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively. Feed conversion ratio (recorded best in 75% maize offal based diet substitution, while the poorest was recorded at 25% maize offal diet replacement, followed by the control diet (100% maize diet). 75% maize offal replacement recorded the highest specific growth rate (p<0.05).There was significant difference (p<0.05) in the ash content, crude fiber and energy level in the fish carcass. The cost of feed used throughout the experimental period was not significantly (p>0.05) influenced by the increasing level of maize offal as a replacement for maize in the diets, as the costs were comparable. However, this study reveals that maize offal meal can successfully replaced maize up to 75% in the diet of Clarias gariepinus post fingerlings without adverse effect on growth, carcass composition and economics.

The influence of α-tocopherol supplementation on plasma concentration of this vitamin and insulin in sedentary or physically trained rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-634
Author(s):  
B. Debski ◽  
M. Gralak ◽  
A. Gronowska-Senger ◽  
M. Gornicka
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Conversion Factor ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Different Doses

The influence of α-tocopherol supplementation on plasma concentration of this vitamin and insulin in sedentary or physically trained rats Male young growing rats of Wistar strain (n=54) were fed a vitamin E deficient diet for 3 days of adaptation period and then 10 days of experimental period. After adaptation half of the rats ran, once per a day, on a treadmill with a rate of 2.0 m/s for 15 minutes for the following 10 days. Animals were given orally 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 4.0 mg/d/rat of α-tocopherol. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of physical training on tocopherol and insulin concentrations in the blood plasma of rats treated with different doses of vitamin E. The concentrations of α-tocopherol (HPLC-UV method used) and insulin (rat insulin specific RIA method used) were estimated in the blood plasma. Lower concentration of vitamin E in physically trained animals was observed, which may suggest increased needs of organisms for antioxidants, as a result of increased free radical production. In trained rats a lower concentration of plasma insulin was also observed. This effect is probably related to improvement in insulin action observed in organisms under physical exercise. The most significant impact on plasma α-tocopherol was due to its supplementation level. The treatment of rats with different doses of α-tocopherol was found to be not related to insulin concentration in plasma. A significant increase in feed conversion factor was noted in vitamin E treated animals. The obtained results suggest that the increased requirement of trained rats for antioxidants might be covered by α-tocopherol supple-mentation.

scholarly journals Effect of a New Feed Daphnia magna (Straus, 1820), as a Fish Meal Substitute on Growth, Feed Utilization, Histological Status, and Economic Revenue of Grey Mullet, Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7093
Author(s):  
Hamdy A. Abo-Taleb ◽  
Mohamed Ashour ◽  
Mohamed A. Elokaby ◽  
Mohamed M. Mabrouk ◽  
Mohamed M. M. El-feky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Fish Growth ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Feed Conversion

The formulator of aquatic diets is part of a continuous search for alternative protein sources instead of depreciated fish meal. The utilization of zooplankton as a feed ingredient is an interesting trend due to their high-quality protein content and abundance of essential nutrients. The current study aims to investigate the effects of partial and total replacement of fish meal (FM) by Dahpnia magna meal (DMM) on growth performance, feed utilization, histological, and economic status of mullet, M. cephalus, larvae. In addition to the control diet, 100% FM, D0, four diets containing DMM at different levels were used: 25% (D25), 50% (D50), 75% (D75), and 100% (D100) replacement of fish meal. A total of 300 larvae (0.097 ± 0.001 g) were equally divided into five groups (three replicate per each group) at a density of 200 larvae m−3. The aquariums were renewed at a rate of 30% daily. During the 60-day experimental period, all larvae were fed their respective diets at a level of 20% of live body weight, five times a day (9.00 a.m., 12.00, 15.00, 18.00, and 21.00 p.m.). The results indicated that compared to D0, fish fed D75 recorded the highest significant value of growth, and feed utilization parameters, while fish fed D100 achieved the lowest feed cost and incidence cost, and the highest profit index and economic efficiency ratio. A strong correlation was reported among weight gain, feed conversion ratio and fish meal replacement with DMM; R2 = 0.94 and 0.91, respectively. The fit regression model representing mullet response to FM replacement with DMM is a poly-nominal regression model with maximum response at 75–100%. The histological investigation of the intestine revealed an improvement of histomorphometric indices and goblet cell number with increasing DMM inclusion levels. These findings confirmed that 75% to 100% partial substitution of FM with DMM is the ideal replacement for mullet, M. cephalus, larvae for improving fish growth performance and feed utilization.

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