scholarly journals Improving Biodegradation of Clofibric Acid by Trametes pubescens through the Design of Experimental Tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Veronica Ungureanu ◽  
Lidia Favier ◽  
Gabriela Elena Bahrim
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Clofibric Acid ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Experimental Planning ◽  
Xenobiotic Compound ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

Clofibric acid (CLF) is the main pharmacologically active metabolite in composition of the pharmaceutical products used for controlling blood lipid content. This xenobiotic compound is highly persistent in the aquatic environment and passes unchanged or poorly transformed in wastewater treatment plants. A white-rot fungal strain of Trametes pubescens was previously selected, for its ability for clofibric acid biodegradation (up to 30%) during cultivation in submerged system under aerobic conditions at an initial CLF concentration of 15 mg L−1. Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were used for experimental planning, mathematical modelling and statistical analysis of data of the biotechnological process of CLF biotransformation by Trametes pubescens fungal strain. After optimization, the capacity of the selected Trametes pubescens strain to degrade CLF was increased by cultivation in a liquid medium containing 3 g·L−1 yeast extract, 15 g·L−1 peptone, 5 g·L−1 glucose and mineral salts, inoculated at 2% (v/v) vegetative inoculum and cultivated at pH 5.5, during 14 days at 25 °C and 135 rpm. In these optimized biotechnological conditions, the CLF biotransformation yield was 60%.

scholarly journals Bio-Methanol Production Using Treated Domestic Wastewater with Mixed Methanotroph Species and Anaerobic Digester Biogas

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Tae Kim ◽  
Young-Seok Yoo ◽  
Young-Han Yoon ◽  
Ye-Eun Lee ◽  
Jun-Ho Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Culture Solution ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Methanol Production ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

The development of cost-effective methods, which generate minimal chemical wastewater, for methanol production is an important research goal. In this study, treated wastewater (TWW) was utilized as a culture solution for methanol production by mixed methanotroph species as an alternative to media prepared from commercial or chemical agents, e.g., nitrate mineral salts medium. Furthermore, a realistic alternative for producing methanol in wastewater treatment plants using biogas from anaerobic digestion was proposed. By culturing mixed methanotroph species with nitrate and phosphate-supplemented TWW in municipal wastewater treatment plants, this study demonstrates, for the first time, the application of biogas generated from the sludge digester of municipal wastewater treatment plants. NaCl alone inhibited methanol dehydrogenase and the addition of 40 mM formate as an electron donor increased methanol production to 6.35 mM. These results confirmed that this practical energy production method could enable cost-effective methanol production. As such, methanol produced in wastewater treatment plants can be used as an eco-friendly energy and carbon source for biological denitrification, which can be an alternative to reducing the expenses required for the waste water treatment process.

Clofibric acid and gemfibrozil removal in membrane bioreactors

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1143-1150
Author(s):  
Tania Gutierrez-Macias ◽  
Petia Mijaylova Nacheva
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Membrane Bioreactors ◽  
Clofibric Acid ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Hydraulic Residence Time ◽  
Lipid Regulators

The removal of two blood lipid regulators, clofibric acid (CLA) and gemfibrozil (GFZ), was evaluated using two identical aerobic membrane bioreactors with 6.5 L effective volume each. Polysulfone ultrafiltration hollow fiber membranes were submerged in the reactors. Different operating conditions were tested varying the organic load (F/M), hydraulic residence time (HRT), biomass concentration measured as total suspended solids in the mixed liquor (MLTSS) and the sludge retention time (SRT). Complete GFZ removal was obtained with F/M of 0.21–0.48 kg COD kgTSS−1 d−1, HRT of 4–10 hours, SRT of 10–32 d and MLTSS of 6–10 g L−1. The GFZ removal can be attributed to biodegradation and there was no accumulation of the compound in the biomass. The CLA removals improved with the SRT and HRT increase and F/M decrease. Average removals of 78–79% were obtained with SRT 16–32 d, F/M of 0.21–0.34 kgCOD kgTSS−1 d−1, HRT of 7–10 hours and MLTSS of 6–10 g L−1. Biodegradation was found to be the main removal pathway.

Biodegradation of soil humic acids by Streptomyces viridosporus

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Yanze Kontchou ◽  
Roland Blondeau
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Streptomyces Viridosporus ◽  
Soil Humic Acids

Biodegradation of soil humic acids by Streptomyces viridosporus ATCC 39115 growing in a mineral salts – glucose medium was demonstrated. This biodegradation accompanies bacterial growth and is, therefore, presumed to be a primary metabolic activity, but humic acids were not used as the sole source of carbon. This bacterial activity was enhanced when cells were shaken and within a pH range of 6.5–8.5. In further experiments, the relative abilities of S. viridosporus to mineralize [14C]melanoidin, used as synthetic humic acid, were also established. In contrast to the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, another microorganism exhibiting humic acid degrading activity at acidic pH, poor extracellular activities were found in culture medium of S. viridosporus, and veratryl alcohol does not result in increased humic acid degradation. In spite of some peroxidase activity measured in culture filtrates and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the humic acid degrading system of S. viridosporus, in these experimental conditions, seems to be cell associated. Key words: humic acid biodegradation, melanoidin mineralization, Streptomyces viridosporus, cell-bound humic acids.

Determination of pharmaceutical residues and assessment of their removal efficiency at the Daugavgriva municipal wastewater treatment plant in Riga, Latvia

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Reinholds ◽  
O. Muter ◽  
I. Pugajeva ◽  
J. Rusko ◽  
I. Perkons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Toxicological Studies

Pharmaceutical products (PPs) belong to emerging contaminants that may accumulate along with other chemical pollutants in wastewaters (WWs) entering industrial and/or urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In the present study, the technique of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (Orbitrap-HRMS) was applied for the analysis of 24 multi-class PPs in WW samples collected at different technological stages of Daugavgriva WWTP located in Riga, Latvia. Caffeine and acetaminophen levels in the range of 7,570–11,403 ng/L and 810–1,883 ng/L, respectively, were the predominant compounds among 19 PPs determined in the WW. The results indicate that aerobic digestion in biological ponds was insufficiently effective to degrade most of the PPs (reduction efficiency <0–50.0%) with the exception of four PPs that showed degradation efficiency varying from 55.0 to 99.9%. Tests of short-term chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis for PP degradation in WW samples were performed, and the results reflected the complexity of different degradation mechanisms and physicochemical transformations of PPs. The toxicological studies of WW impact on Daphnia magna indicated gradual reduction of the total toxicity through the treatment stages at the WWTP.

scholarly journals Fate and Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Illegal Drugs Present in Drinking Water and Wastewater

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Szymonik ◽  
Joanna Lach ◽  
Krystyna Malińska
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Clofibric Acid ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Illegal Drugs

Abstract Rapid development of pharmaceutical industry, and thus widespread availability of different types of therapeutical and increased intake of pharmaceuticals, results in elevated concentrations of pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater subjected to treatment in wastewater treatment plants. Pharmaceuticals present in raw wastewater discharged from hospitals, households, veterinary and health care clinics eventually end up in wastewater treatment plants. Commonly applied methods for treating wastewater do not allow complete removal of these contaminants. As a consequence, pharmaceuticals still present in treated wastewater are introduced to water environment. The most frequently identified pharmaceuticals in surface water belong to the following groups: non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs, beta-blockers, estrogens and lipid regulators. The most difficult is removal of diclofenac, clofibric acid and carbamazepine as these substances show low biodegradability. Diclofenac can be removed in the process of wastewater treatment by 40%, carbamazepine by 10%, and clofibric acid from 26 to 50%. The presence of diclofenac sodium in the rivers in Poland was confirmed and the concentrations were following: 380 ng/dm3 (the Warta river), 470 ng/dm3 (the Odra river), 140 ng/dm3 (the Vistula river). Naproxene was found in the Warta river at the concentration of 100 ng/dm3. The presence of pharmaceuticals in surface water can be toxic to aqueous microorganisms and fish. Recent studies confirmed also the presence of pharmaceuticals in drinking water. This is considered as a problem especially in urban agglomerations such as Berlin or large cities in Spain and China. The studies showed that pharmaceuticals were also identified in the samples taken from the Polish rivers and drinking water. The presence of naproxene and diclofenac at the concentrations of 13 and 4 ng/dm3 was identified in drinking water sampled from water intakes in Poznan. Surface water and drinking water showed also the presence of illegal drugs.

scholarly journals PENGARUH RADIASI SINAR GAMMA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN DEGRADASI LIGNIN PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM DAN GANODERMA LUCIDUM

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Tri Retno D.L. ◽  
Nana Mulyana ◽  
Nurhasni Nurhasni ◽  
Uswatun Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Mineral Salts

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas enzim ektraseluler fungi lignoselulotik yakni Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Ganoderma lucidum dalam mendegradasi limbah lignoselulosa.  Lignoselulosa sulit didegradasi karena terdiri dari lignin, selulosa dan hemiselulosa. Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Ganoderma lucidum dari kelompok White Rot Fungi dapat mendegradasi lignin karena mampu mensintesa  enzim  lignin peroksidase (LiP). Iradisi sinar gamma dosis rendah mampu menstimulasi peningkatan aktivitas enzim ekstraselular. Fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan Ganoderma lucidum dalam medium slent dipapar dengan iradiasi gamma pada dosis 0 (kontrol), 200, 400, 600, 800 dan 1000 Gy. Di dalam medium cair mengandung Potatoes Dextrose Broth (PDB), garam mineral dengan substrat Lignin Alkali 0 dan 5%b/v, fungi  Phanerochaete  chrysosporium yang dipapar sinar gamma dosis 600 Gy memiliki aktivitas LiP  (30U/mL) sebesar 2,5 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol (12 U/mL). Sedangkan Ganoderma lucidum  yang dipapari radiasi gamma dengan dosis 800 Gy memiliki aktivitas LiP (34U/mL) sebesar 1,7 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan  kontrol (20 U/mL). Fermentasi padat substrat serbuk kayu jati putih (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) selama 12 hari dengan pH 6,4; dan kadar air 79%  oleh fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium  yang diradiasi sinar gamma dosis 600 Gy memiliki efisiensi degradasi lignin sebesar 42%, sedangkan  pada fungi Ganoderma lucidum yang diradiasi sinar gamma dosis 800 Gy  memiliki efisiensi degradasi lignin sebesar 21% dengan kondisi optimal pH 7,6 dan kadar air 71,3%. INFLUENCE OF GAMMA RAYS RADIATION ON LIGNIN DEGRADATION POTENCY OF PHANEROCHAETE CHRYSOSPORIUM AND GANODERMA LUCIDUM. This research aims to increase the activity of extracellular enzymes lignolitik fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum to degrade lignocellulosic waste. Lignocellulosic difficult to degrade because it is composed of lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose. Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum group White rot fungi can degrade lignin because it is able to synthesize enzymes lignin peroxidase (LiP). Iradisi low dose gamma rays capable menstimulsi increase extracellular enzyme activity. Fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Ganoderma lucidum in medium slent exposed to gamma irradiation at doses of 0 (control), 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 Gy. In a liquid medium containing Potatoes Dextrose Broth (PDB), mineral salts with the substrate Lignin Alkali 0 and 5% w / v, fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium were exposed to a dose of 600 Gy of gamma rays have LiP activity (30U / mL) by 2.5 times higher compared with controls (12 U / mL). While Ganoderma lucidum that are exposed to gamma radiation at a dose of 800 Gy has LiP activity (34U / mL) was 1.7 times higher than the control (20 U / mL). On a solid substrate fermentation of  white teak powder  (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) For 12 days at pH 6.4 and  water content of 79% by fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium were exposed to gamma ray dose of 600 Gy has an efficiency of lignin degradation by 42%, whereas on fungi Ganoderma lucidum that are exposed gamma ray dose of 800 Gy has an efficiency of lignin degradation by 21% with optimal conditions of pH 7. And ; water content of 71.3%.

scholarly journals Occurrence of anticancer drugs in the aquatic environment: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 1339-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Nassour ◽  
Stephen J. Barton ◽  
Shereen Nabhani-Gebara ◽  
Yolande Saab ◽  
James Barker
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Analytical Strategy ◽  
Recovery Percentage

AbstractWater contamination with pharmaceutical products is a well-studied problem. Numerous studies have demonstrated the presence of anticancer drugs in different water resources that failed to be eliminated by conventional wastewater treatment plants. The purpose of this report was to conduct a systematic review of anticancer drugs in the aquatic environment. The methodology adopted was carried out in compliance with the PRISMA guidelines. From the 75 studies that met the specific requirements for inclusion, data extracted showed that the most common anticancer drugs studied are cyclophosphamide, tamoxifen, ifosfamide and methotrexate with concentrations measured ranging between 0.01 and 86,200 ng/L. There was significant variation in the methodologies employed due to lack of available guidelines to address sampling techniques, seasonal variability and analytical strategy. The most routinely used technique for quantitative determination was found to be solid-phase extraction followed by LC-MS analysis. The lowest reported recovery percentage was 11%, and the highest limit of detection was 1700 ng/L. This indicated the inadequacy of some methods to analyse anticancer drugs and the failure to obtain reliable results. The significant heterogeneity within methodologies made it difficult to compare results and draw conclusions, nevertheless, this study aids in the extrapolation of proposed recommendations to guide future studies and reviews.

scholarly journals The use of pulsed flushing to improve the efficiency of polymer floating media filters

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 00022
Author(s):  
Zhanna Govorova ◽  
Alexey Andrianov
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oil Products ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Mechanical Removal

Surface runoff from urban area is a potential source of pollution of water bodies. The composition of pollutants in surface runoff depends on various factors and seasons. The main pollutants are oil products, suspended solids, COD, chlorides and other mineral salts. Traditional wastewater treatment plants include the mechanical removal of large items, debris and leaves; sand removal; water clarification in accumulating settling tanks; chemical dosing, contact filtration and deep purification on sorption filters. Filters with inert floating polystyrene media of various types are widely used as first stage filters. The operation of industrial filters in the technological schemes of wastewater treatment strongly depends on the backwash efficiency. Floating media flushing is carried out in the direction from top to down using the water accumulated in the over-filter space. The article presents the results of the study of pulsed flushing on a model plant. Experimental study was conducted on the real wastewater treatment plant. The kinetics of suspended solids and oil products removal from filter media was studied. The operational parameters and mode of pulsed flushing were determined. The research results were used during the reconstruction of Moscow surface runoff water treatment plants.

scholarly journals Optimization of the South African indigenous fungal growth for the degradation of diclofenac sodium from water

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teddy Kabeya Kasonga
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
South African ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Emerging Pollutant

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe occurrence of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) or active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and their risk assessment in the environment over a decade have become a real concern in various existing water resources. Microbial bioremediation of organic pollutants in wastewater is a key process in both natural and engineered systems. This study aimed to the use of green technology with South African indigenous fungi for the removal of diclofenac from water, which is an environmentally friendly process applied to manage water quality at large.MethodThe fungal growth was optimised in flasks, then the aerated and stationary batch flasks were run for 14 d and samples taken once daily in order to carry out the fungal removal efficiency of the most popular and anti-analgesic anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac sodium (DCF) from water. The five isolate South African indigenous fungal strains (ISAIFS) T. longibrachiatum, T. polyzona, A. niger, M. circinelloides and R. microsporus were then found to have a optimum growth in low nitrogen medium (LN-m) at temperature range of between 26.5°C to 31.5 °C and pH around 3 to 4.5.ResultsAspergillus niger gave better growth and seemed thermotolerence than others. Glucose supply as well as physicochemical parameters such as pH and temperature have shown to have play a vital role on fungal growth in suspension liquid media. The best DCF degradation result obtained was 95% by R. microsporus in aerated batch flasks after 7 d followed by A. niger with 80% of DCF removal, while the only one white-rot fungi (WRF) of that isolate fungal group, T. polyzona did not give the best DCF elimination as expected for the same period.ConclusionFinally, the effectiveness of DCF elimination by each isolate South African indigenous fungal strain (ISAIFS) was found to be better than some traditional methods used in wastewater treatment plants, including: coagulation-flocculation, nitrifying and denitrifying and sewage treatment. These fungal species especially R. microsporus, A. niger and M. circinelloides can be used for the degradation of emerging pollutant in wastewater treatment plants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document