scholarly journals Separation, Characterization, and Handling of Microalgae by Dielectrophoresis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinzenz Abt ◽  
Fabian Gringel ◽  
Arum Han ◽  
Peter Neubauer ◽  
Mario Birkholz
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Intrinsic Properties ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Microalgal Species

Microalgae biotechnology has a high potential for sustainable bioproduction of diverse high-value biomolecules. Some of the main bottlenecks in cell-based bioproduction, and more specifically in microalgae-based bioproduction, are due to insufficient methods for rapid and efficient cell characterization, which contributes to having only a few industrially established microalgal species in commercial use. Dielectrophoresis-based microfluidic devices have been long established as promising tools for label-free handling, characterization, and separation of broad ranges of cells. The technique is based on differences in dielectric properties and sizes, which results in different degrees of cell movement under an applied inhomogeneous electrical field. The method has also earned interest for separating microalgae based on their intrinsic properties, since their dielectric properties may significantly change during bioproduction, in particular for lipid-producing species. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of dielectrophoresis-based microfluidic devices that are used for handling, characterization, and separation of microalgae. Additionally, we provide a perspective on related areas of research in cell-based bioproduction that can benefit from dielectrophoresis-based microdevices. This work provides key information that will be useful for microalgae researchers to decide whether dielectrophoresis and which method is most suitable for their particular application.

scholarly journals A Review on Synthesis, Structural, Flame Retardancy and Dielectric Properties of Hexasubstituted Cyclotriphosphazene

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2916
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Khalidah Usri ◽  
Zuhair Jamain ◽  
Mohamad Zul Hilmey Makmud
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Nitrogen Atom ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Active Elements ◽  
Good Ability ◽  
Low Toxicity

Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene is a ring compound consisting of an alternating phosphorus and nitrogen atom with two chlorine substituents attached to the phosphorus atom. The six chlorine atoms attached to this cyclo compound can be substituted with any different nucleophile that leads to changes in different chemical and physical properties. The major topics that were investigated in this research are the flame retardancy and dielectric properties of cyclotriphosphazene compounds. Cyclotriphosphazene compounds have high potential to act as a flame retardant, and this compound consists of two active elements attributed to its high flame-retardant character. This compound also demonstrated good ability as a flame retardant due to its low toxicity and less smoke produced. In addition, cyclotriphosphazene compounds were also investigated for their dielectric properties. Cyclotriphosphazene has high potential in the electrical field since it has dielectric properties that can be widely studied in the investigation of any potential application. This review presented literature studies focused on recent research development and studies in the field of cyclotriphosphazene that focused on synthesis, structural, flame retardancy, and dielectric properties of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene compounds.

Label-free biosensors based on in situ formed and functionalized microwires in microfluidic devices

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (23) ◽  
pp. 7896-7901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanlong Xing ◽  
Andreas Wyss ◽  
Norbert Esser ◽  
Petra S. Dittrich
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Microfluidic System ◽  
Label Free ◽  
System P

Label-free biosensors based on in situ formed and functionalized TTF–Au wires were developed using an integrated microfluidic system.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Continuous-Flow Particle Manipulations Using Magnetic Fluids

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangchun Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Magnetic Fluids ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Particle Manipulation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Medium Exchange ◽  
Flow Particle

Magnetic field-induced particle manipulation is simple and economic as compared to other techniques (e.g., electric, acoustic, and optical) for lab-on-a-chip applications. However, traditional magnetic controls require the particles to be manipulated being magnetizable, which renders it necessary to magnetically label particles that are almost exclusively diamagnetic in nature. In the past decade, magnetic fluids including paramagnetic solutions and ferrofluids have been increasingly used in microfluidic devices to implement label-free manipulations of various types of particles (both synthetic and biological). We review herein the recent advances in this field with focus upon the continuous-flow particle manipulations. Specifically, we review the reported studies on the negative magnetophoresis-induced deflection, focusing, enrichment, separation, and medium exchange of diamagnetic particles in the continuous flow of magnetic fluids through microchannels.

Dynamic dielectric properties characterization of tapered dielectrophoresis microelectrodes for selective detection and rapid manipulation of cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Muhamad Ramdzan Buyong ◽  
Farhad Larki ◽  
Celine Elie Caille ◽  
Norazreen Abd Aziz ◽  
Ahamad Ghadafi Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Blood Components ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Protein Toxin ◽  
Polarization Factor ◽  
Potential Applications

Purpose This paper aims to present the dielectrophoresis (DEP) force (FDEP), defined as microelectrofluidics mechanism capabilities in performing selective detection and rapid manipulation of blood components such as red blood cells (RBC) and platelets. The purpose of this investigation is to understand FDEP correlation to the variation of dynamic dielectric properties of cells under an applied voltage bias. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, tapered design DEP microelectrodes are used and explained. To perform the characterization and optimization by analysing the DEP polarization factor, the change in dynamic dielectric properties of blood components are observed according to the crossover frequency (fxo) and adjustment frequency (fadj) variation for selective detection and rapid manipulation. Findings Experimental observation of dynamic dielectric properties change shows clear correlation to DEP polarization factor when performing selective detection and rapid manipulation. These tapered DEP microelectrodes demonstrate an in situ DEP patterning efficiency more than 95%. Research limitations/implications The capabilities of tapered DEP microelectrode devices are introduced in this paper. However, they are not yet mature in medical research studies for various purposes such as identifying cells and bio-molecules for detection, isolation and manipulation application. This is because of biological property variations that require further DEP characterization and optimization. Practical implications The introduction of microelectrofluidics using DEP microelectrodes operate by selective detecting and rapid manipulating via lateral and vertical forces. This can be implemented on precision health-care development for lab-on-a-chip application in microfluidic diagnostic and prognostic devices. Originality/value This study introduces a new concept to understand the dynamic dielectric properties change. This is useful for rapid, label free and precise methods to conduct selective detection and rapid manipulation of mixtures of RBC and platelets. Further, potential applications that can be considered are for protein, toxin, cancer cell and bacteria detections and manipulation. Implementation of tapered DEP microelectrodes can be used based on the understanding of dynamic dielectric properties of polarization factor analysis.

scholarly journals Multitarget, quantitative nanoplasmonic electrical field-enhanced resonating device (NE2RD) for diagnostics

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (32) ◽  
pp. E4354-E4363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Inci ◽  
Chiara Filippini ◽  
Murat Baday ◽  
Mehmet Ozgun Ozen ◽  
Semih Calamak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Broad Dynamic Range

Recent advances in biosensing technologies present great potential for medical diagnostics, thus improving clinical decisions. However, creating a label-free general sensing platform capable of detecting multiple biotargets in various clinical specimens over a wide dynamic range, without lengthy sample-processing steps, remains a considerable challenge. In practice, these barriers prevent broad applications in clinics and at patients’ homes. Here, we demonstrate the nanoplasmonic electrical field-enhanced resonating device (NE2RD), which addresses all these impediments on a single platform. The NE2RD employs an immunodetection assay to capture biotargets, and precisely measures spectral color changes by their wavelength and extinction intensity shifts in nanoparticles without prior sample labeling or preprocessing. We present through multiple examples, a label-free, quantitative, portable, multitarget platform by rapidly detecting various protein biomarkers, drugs, protein allergens, bacteria, eukaryotic cells, and distinct viruses. The linear dynamic range of NE2RD is five orders of magnitude broader than ELISA, with a sensitivity down to 400 fg/mL This range and sensitivity are achieved by self-assembling gold nanoparticles to generate hot spots on a 3D-oriented substrate for ultrasensitive measurements. We demonstrate that this precise platform handles multiple clinical samples such as whole blood, serum, and saliva without sample preprocessing under diverse conditions of temperature, pH, and ionic strength. The NE2RD’s broad dynamic range, detection limit, and portability integrated with a disposable fluidic chip have broad applications, potentially enabling the transition toward precision medicine at the point-of-care or primary care settings and at patients’ homes.

scholarly journals On-chip label-free protein analysis with downstream electrodes for direct removal of electrolysis products

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadi L. Saar ◽  
Yingbo Zhang ◽  
Thomas Müller ◽  
Challa P. Kumar ◽  
Sean Devenish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Protein Analysis ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Free Protein ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Electrolysis Products

Single-layer lithography microfluidic devices for applying high and stable electric fields on chip.

SERS Spectra of Oligonucleotides as Fingerprints to Detect Label-Free RNA in Microfluidic Devices

2014 ◽  
Vol 118 (25) ◽  
pp. 13965-13971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enora Prado ◽  
Annie Colin ◽  
Laurent Servant ◽  
Sophie Lecomte
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Label Free

scholarly journals “Flow Valve” Microfluidic Devices for Simple, Detectorless, and Label-Free Analyte Quantitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 84 (16) ◽  
pp. 7057-7063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debolina Chatterjee ◽  
Danielle S. Mansfield ◽  
Neil G. Anderson ◽  
Sudeep Subedi ◽  
Adam T. Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Flow Valve

Chemotaxis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Microfluidic Device

2012 ◽  
Vol 1498 ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
Ruth Choa ◽  
Manav Mehta ◽  
Kangwon Lee ◽  
David Mooney
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Soft Lithography ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Chemokine Gradient ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Stable Linear

ABSTRACTAdult bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent an important source of cells for tissue regeneration. Control of MSC migration and homing is still unclear. The goal of this study was to identify potent chemoattractants for MSCs and characterize MSC chemotaxis using a microfluidic device as a model system and assay platform. The three chemokines compared in this study were CXCL7, CXCL12, and AMD 3100.Microfluidic devices made of polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) were fabricated by soft lithography techniques and designed to generate a stable linear chemokine gradient. Cell movements in response to the gradient were captured by timelapse photos and tracked over 24 hours. Chemokine potency was measured via several chemotaxis parameters including: velocity in the direction of interest (V), center of mass (Mend), forward migration indice (YFMI). The migratory paths of the cells were mapped onto a displacement plot and compared.The following results were measured in the direction of interest (towards higher concentrations of chemokine): For velocity, only cells exposed to CXCL12 had a statistically significant (p=.014) average velocity (V=0.19 ± 0.07 um/min) when compared to the control condition (V=0.06 ±0 .04 um/min). For the center of mass, where the displacement of cells from their starting positions were compared, again only CXCL12 (Mend= 53.9 ± 10.8 um) stimulated statistically significant (p = .013) displacement of cells compared to the control condition (Mend = 19.3 ± 16.1 um). For the forward migration index, the efficiency of cell movement was measured. Indices in both the CXCL12 (YFIM = 0.19 ± 0.08) and CXCL7 (YFIM = 0.09 ±0.03) conditions were statistically significant (p = .023 for CXCL12 and p = .035 for CXCL7) when compared with the control index (YFIM = .04 ± .02).This study demonstrated the use of microfluidic devices as a viable platform for chemotaxis studies. A stable linear chemokine gradient was maintained over a long time scale to obtain cell migration results. CXCL12 was quantitatively determined to be the most potent chemoattractant in this research; these chemoattractive properties promote its use in future developments to control MSC homing.

A high-throughput flow cytometry-on-a-CMOS platform for single-cell dielectric spectroscopy at microwave frequencies

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 2065-2076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Chau Chien ◽  
Ali Ameri ◽  
Erh-Chia Yeh ◽  
Alison N. Killilea ◽  
Mekhail Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Dielectric Spectroscopy ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Microwave Frequencies

This work presents a microfluidics-integrated label-free flow cytometry-on-a-CMOS platform for the characterization of the cytoplasm dielectric properties at microwave frequencies.

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